Microemulsion composed of combination of skin beneficial oils as vehicle: Development of resveratrol-loaded microemulsion based formulations for skin care applications.

Microemulsion can be a potential delivery vehicle to deliver skin care actives to deep skin layer for chronic skin care benefits. On top of skin care active, microemulsion vehicle composed of multiple skin beneficial oils can deliver additional skin care efficacies. In this study, microemulsions were developed using combinations of two skin beneficial oils, tea tree oil and medium chain triglyceride instead of single oil.

Development of microemulsion based topical ivermectin formulations: Pre-formulation and formulation studies.

The aim of this work was to develop microemulsions and microemulsion gels which can be used as vehicles for the topical delivery of ivermectin. Tea tree oil and ethyl butanoate were found to be suitable for ivermectin-loaded microemulsion formulations due to the higher solubility of ivermectin in these two oils than other tested oils. The pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed based on these selected oils and combination of different surfactant/co-surfactant at different ratios.

Efficient production of fermentable sugars from oil palm empty fruit bunch by combined use of acid and whole cell culture-catalyzed hydrolyses.

Empty fruit bunch (EFB) of oil palm trees was converted to fermentable sugars by the combined use of dilute acids and whole fungal cell culture-catalyzed hydrolyses. EFB (5%, w/v) was hydrolyzed in the presence of 0.5% H2 SO4 and 0.