Aortic valve endocarditis from infection.

Staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci are frequently associated with endocarditis, but numerous complex and diverse species exist among the three groups and identification of specific pathogens can aid in treatment. One particular organism, , is rarely described in the literature as a human pathogen and is more commonly identified among certain bird groups. We present the first documented case of human infective endocarditis in the USA, representing only the fourth case worldwide.

Apneic Oxygenation With High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Transcutaneous Carbon Dioxide Monitoring During Airway Surgery: A Case Series.

Three patients underwent laryngeal and tracheal surgeries under apneic conditions using transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange. Transcutaneous carbon dioxide (CO2) levels were recorded throughout the apneic period to detect rates of CO2 rise. Conventional airway management was initiated after 15 minutes of apnea with either tracheal intubation or jet ventilation.