Observed Improvement in Cognition During a Personalized Lifestyle Intervention in People with Cognitive Decline.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic condition marked by progressive objective cognitive impairment (OCI). No monotherapy has substantially altered disease progression, suggesting the disease is multifactorial and may require a multimodal therapeutic approach.

Objective: We sought to determine if cognitive function in a sample with OCI would change in response to a multimodal, individualized care plan based on potential contributors to cognitive decline (e.

Recreating an introductory physiology unit in the Core Concepts form: helping students to think like a physiologist.

This article showcases the redesign of an introductory undergraduate vertebrate physiology unit at Murdoch University (BMS107) to promote student mastery of six Core Concepts of Physiology (Michael J, Cliff W, McFarland J, Modell H, Wright A, SpringerLink. , 2017). Concepts were selected for their suitability in an introductory physiology unit and their ability to scaffold advanced physiology learning.

Early evidence of efficacy for orally administered SPM-enriched marine lipid fraction on quality of life and pain in a sample of adults with chronic pain.

Background: Marine lipids contain omega-3 fatty acids that can be metabolized into anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators-namely 17-HDHA and 18-HEPE-which can serve as modulators of the pain experience. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of 4 weeks of oral supplementation with a fractionated marine lipid concentration, standardized to 17-HDHA and 18-HEPE, on health-related quality of life and inflammation in adults with chronic pain.

Methods: This study was a prospective, non-randomized, open-label clinical trial.

Uptake and acceptability of human papillomavirus self-sampling in rural and remote aboriginal communities: evaluation of a nurse-led community engagement model.

Background: Aboriginal women experience disproportionately higher rates of cervical cancer mortality yet are less likely to participate in screening for early detection. This study sought to determine whether a community-based HPV self-sampling service model can effectively recruit never-screened and under-screened Aboriginal women to participate in cervical cancer screening; assess the clinical outcomes; and explore the acceptability of the model from the perspective of the participants.

Methods: Aboriginal women aged 25-69 years of age were recruited from eight rural and remote communities in New South Wales, Australia to participate in HPV self-sampling via a community-based service model.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) pathophysiology study (IDENTIFY-HF): does increased arterial stiffness associate with HFpEF, in addition to ageing and vascular effects of comorbidities? Rationale and design.

Aims: There has been a paradigm shift proposing that comorbidities are a major contributor towards the heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) syndrome. Furthermore, HFpEF patients have abnormal macrovascular and microvascular function, which may significantly contribute towards altered ventricular-vascular coupling in these patients. The IDENTIFY-HF study will investigate whether gradually increased arterial stiffness (in addition to ageing) as a result of increasing common comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes, is associated with HFpEF.

Tryptophan Metabolites in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Overnight Time-course Study.

Background/aims: Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often report poor sleep quality. Whether poor sleep is associated with tryptophan (Trp) metabolites is unknown. We compared serum Trp metabolites in women with IBS and healthy controls (HCs) using targeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based profiling.

Abdominal pain during the menopause transition and early postmenopause: observations from the Seattle Midlife Women's Health Study.

Objective: To assess the relationship between abdominal pain severity during the menopausal transition (MT) and age, MT stage, reproductive biomarkers, stress biomarkers, and stress perceptions.

Methods: Women ages 35-55 were recruited from multiethnic neighborhoods in the greater Seattle area from 1990 to 1992, for an original study cohort of 508. From 1990 to 2013, a subset of this cohort consented to ongoing annual data collection by annual health questionnaire, health diary, and daily menstrual calendar.

Molecular signature characterisation of different inflammatory phenotypes of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Objectives: The International League of Associations for Rheumatology classification criteria define systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) by the presence of fever, rash and chronic arthritis. Recent initiatives to revise current criteria recognise that a lack of arthritis complicates making the diagnosis early, while later a subgroup of patients develops aggressive joint disease. The proposed biphasic model of SJIA also implies a 'window of opportunity' to abrogate the development of chronic arthritis.

Constipation and diarrhea during the menopause transition and early postmenopause: observations from the Seattle Midlife Women's Health Study.

Objective: To assess the relationship of constipation and diarrhea severity during the menopause transition (MT) with age, MT stage, reproductive biomarkers, stress-related biomarkers, and stress-related perceptions.

Methods: From 1990 to 1992, women aged 35 to 55 years were recruited from the greater Seattle area; 291 of them consented to ongoing (1990-2013) annual data collection by daily menstrual calendar, health diary, and annual health questionnaire. A subset (n = 131) provided a first morning voided urine specimen (1997-2013).

Influence of Ionic Liquids on the Selectivity of Ion Exchange-Based Polymer Membrane Sensing Layers.

The applicability of ion exchange membranes is mainly defined by their permselectivity towards specific ions. For instance, the needed selectivity can be sought by modifying some of the components required for the preparation of such membranes. In this study, a new class of materials -trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium based ionic liquids (ILs) were used to modify the properties of ion exchange membranes.

Simple, Robust, and Plasticizer-Free Iodide-Selective Sensor Based on Copolymerized Triazole-Based Ionic Liquid.

Novel solid-contact iodide-selective electrodes based on covalently attached 1,2,3 triazole ionic liquid (IL) were prepared and investigated in this study. Triazole-based IL moieties were synthesized using click chemistry and were further copolymerized with lauryl methacrylate via a simple one-step free radical polymerization to produce a "self-plasticized" copolymer. The mechanical properties of the copolymer are suitable for the fabrication of plasticizer-free ion-selective membrane electrodes.

Superior adenoidectomy in children with palatal abnormalities.

When treating a child with a palatal abnormality for otitis media or a nasal obstruction, otolaryngologists often face the question of whether the benefits of adenoidectomy are worth the risk of the development of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Treatment options for these patients include a complete adenoidectomy, a partial adenoidectomy, or no surgical intervention. In this retrospective study, we describe the outcomes of 22 such patients who were treated with a superior adenoidectomy performed with a St.

Prediction of birth weight by ultrasound in the third trimester.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of predicted birth weight by the gestation-adjusted projection method using ultrasonographic measurements obtained just before and at term.

Methods: The study group comprised patients with singleton pregnancies who underwent sonograms between 34.0 and 36.

Indicators of platelet turnover in thrombocytopenic infants.

Glycocalicin has been found to be a marker of increased platelet turnover, while interleukin-6 may be increased in response to thrombocytopenia. We used these markers to study the pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia in newborn infants. Cord blood platelet counts were obtained from 499 infants.

Adjustment of birth weight standards for maternal and infant characteristics improves the prediction of outcome in the small-for-gestational-age infant.

Objective: Birth weight is a function of gestational age. Various maternal and infant characteristics also affect birth weight. This study sought to adjust for these factors to better define abnormal growth.

Devastating sequelae of alloimmune thrombocytopenia: an entity that deserves more attention.

Unlabelled: In alloimmune thrombocytopenia, maternal sensitization to a fetal platelet alloantigen results in fetal thrombocytopenia. Even in primipara, 20% of offspring can suffer intracranial hemorrhage, half of which occur in utero. Ninety percent of subsequent pregnancies will be equally or more severely affected.

The role of HLA antibodies in neonatal thrombocytopenia: a prospective study.

The role of HLA antibodies in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia is controversial. We prospectively studied the sera of obstetric patients at delivery for HLA antibodies and correlated their presence with umbilical cord blood platelet counts. We studied 493 births at The Johns Hopkins Hospital comprising of 357 African American, 115 Caucasian, and 21 babies of other racial groups.

The effect of intravenous dexamethasone in pediatric adenotonsillectomy.

Objective: To determine whether the intravenous administration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate before tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy can reduce the morbidity from, and increase the safety of, this procedure.

Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Setting: A university medical center, caring for both ambulatory and hospitalized children.

Molecular genotyping of fetal platelet antigens with uncultured amniocytes.

Objective: Amino acid substitutions in platelet membrane glycoproteins result in alloantigens implicated in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. We report the use of the reverse dot blot technique to genotype the five major fetal platelet alloantigens from amniotic fluid cells.

Study Design: We evaluated a patient with Bakb platelet antibodies who had a previous pregnancy complicated by fetal intracranial hemorrhage.

Neonatal lupus erythematosus. Report of serological and immunogenetic studies in twins discordant for congenital heart block.

Autoantibody, HLA studies and C4 phenotypes were performed on twins discordant for isolated congenital heart block. Serum from the mother and cord blood from the infants revealed Ro(SSA) and La(SSB) antibodies in all three sera. No significant difference in Ro(SSA) antibody titre was noted in the cord blood of either twin when compared with maternal titres, as detected by a sensitive ELISA assay.

Congenital heart disease in adolescents and adults. Pregnancy and contraception.

As the detection and treatment of congenital heart disease improves, more women are reaching childbearing age. The type of congenital heart disease, whether there has been corrective surgery, and the patient's functional status determines the maternal as well as fetal outcome. The patient may present to her physician for preconceptual counseling or late in her pregnancy with little care and in severe distress.

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease.

In counseling the patient with a fetus with CHD, attempts should be made to determine the exact cardiac diagnosis and whether there are associated extracardiac or chromosomal abnormalities. A careful family history and examination of appropriate family members may lead to the diagnosis of a genetic syndrome. An evaluation of the maternal medical and obstetric history will explore the possibility of maternal disease states, teratogens, or environmental exposures as cause for the cardiac lesion.

Development of an index of maternal transport.

The authors used a decision-analytic approach to develop a Maternal Transport Index (MTI) from ACOG guidelines for maternal transport. Data were obtained from three questionnaires administered to five perinatologists, practicing in facilities with various casemixes. Each questionnaire was based on a given level of hospital and contained scenarios describing indications for maternal transport.