Clinical cell-surface targets in metastatic and primary solid cancers.

Therapies against cell-surface targets (CSTs) represent an emerging treatment class in solid malignancies. However, high-throughput investigations of CST expression across cancer types have been reliant on data sets of mostly primary tumors, despite therapeutic use most commonly in metastatic disease. We identified a total of 818 clinical trials of CST therapies with 78 CSTs.

Risky Alcohol Use and Romantic Relationships Among College Students: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Risky alcohol use is frequent among college students and can be associated with functional outcomes. Bidirectional associations have been shown between alcohol use and the stability of romantic relationships, though little is known about the longitudinal association between risky alcohol use and romantic relationships in college and about college students' perceived stress regarding one's love life. Objectives: The present study aims to explore these relationships both cross-sectionally and at one-year follow-up.

Gut metabolite L-lactate supports population expansion during acute infection.

How the microaerobic pathogen establishes its niche and expands in the gut lumen during infection is poorly understood. Using 6-wk-old ferrets as a natural disease model, we examined this aspect of pathogenicity. Unlike mice, which require significant genetic or physiological manipulation to become colonized with , ferrets are readily infected without the need to disarm the immune system or alter the gut microbiota.

Gut metabolite L-lactate supports population expansion during acute infection.

Unlabelled: How the microaerobic pathogen establishes its niche and expands in the gut lumen during infection is poorly understood. Using six-week-old ferrets as a natural disease model, we examined this aspect of pathogenicity. Unlike mice, which require significant genetic or physiological manipulation to become colonized with , ferrets are readily infected without the need to disarm the immune system or alter the gut microbiota.

Garnering effective telehealth to help optimize multidisciplinary team engagement (GET2HOME) for children with medical complexity: Protocol for a pragmatic randomized control trial.

Background: Children and young adults with medical complexity (CMC) experience high rates of healthcare reutilization following hospital discharge. Prior studies have identified common hospital-to-home transition failures that may increase the risk for reutilization, including medication, technology and equipment issues, financial concerns, and confusion about which providers can help with posthospitalization needs. Few interventions have been developed and evaluated for CMC during this transition period.

A secreted sirtuin from contributes to neutrophil activation and intestinal inflammation during infection.

Histone modifications control numerous processes in eukaryotes, including inflammation. Some bacterial pathogens alter the activity or expression of host-derived factors, including sirtuins, to modify histones and induce responses that promote infection. In this study, we identified a deacetylase encoded by which has sirtuin activities and contributes to activation of human neutrophils by the pathogen.

4Dflow-VP-Net: A deep convolutional neural network for noninvasive estimation of relative pressures in stenotic flows from 4D flow MRI.

Purpose: To estimate relative transvalvular pressure gradient (TVPG) noninvasively from 4D flow MRI.

Methods: A novel deep learning-based approach is proposed to estimate pressure gradient across stenosis from four-dimensional flow MRI (4D flow MRI) velocities. A deep neural network 4D flow Velocity-to-Presure Network (4Dflow-VP-Net) was trained to learn the spatiotemporal relationship between velocities and pressure in stenotic vessels.

Alveolar macrophages from EVALI patients and e-cigarette users: a story of shifting phenotype.

Exposure to e-cigarette vapors alters important biologic processes including phagocytosis, lipid metabolism, and cytokine activity in the airways and alveolar spaces. Little is known about the biologic mechanisms underpinning the conversion to e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) from normal e-cigarette use in otherwise healthy individuals. We compared cell populations and inflammatory immune populations from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in individuals with EVALI to e-cigarette users without respiratory disease and healthy controls and found that e-cigarette users with EVALI demonstrate a neutrophilic inflammation with alveolar macrophages skewed towards inflammatory (M1) phenotype and cytokine profile.

Climate Change for the Pulmonologist: A Focused Review.

Climate change adversely impacts global health. Increasingly, temperature variability, inclement weather, declining air quality, and growing food and clean water supply insecurities threaten human health. Earth's temperature is projected to increase up to 6.

Predictors of 1-Year Mortality in Men Versus Women Undergoing Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Although gender-related disparities in intermediate-term outcomes have been reported after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), disparate predictors of mortality in men and women who underwent TAVI have not been well studied. This prospective institutional registry study included 297 consecutive patients (153 men, 144 women) who underwent transfemoral TAVI from December 2015 to June 2018 at an academic tertiary medical center. Baseline and clinical characteristics, procedural data, and clinical outcomes at 1 year were recorded.

"Accept voices©" group intervention for the management of auditory verbal hallucinations-results at 6 and 12 months.

"The Accept Voices© is a useful intervention for the management and acceptance of auditory verbal hallucinations in people with schizophrenia. This study aims at determining if the clinical effects remained at six- and 12-month follow-ups. Results show that participants (N = 22) maintained a decrease in auditory hallucinations, at the six and 12 months follow ups for severity and acceptance of Voices, anxiety and depression.

High enhancer activity is an epigenetic feature of HPV negative atypical head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous disease with significant mortality and frequent recurrence. Prior efforts to transcriptionally classify HNSCC into groups of varying prognoses have identified four accepted molecular subtypes of the disease: Atypical (AT), Basal (BA), Classical (CL), and Mesenchymal (MS). Here, we investigate the active enhancer landscapes of these subtypes using representative HNSCC cell lines and identify samples belonging to the AT subtype as having increased enhancer activity compared to the other 3 HNSCC subtypes.

FlowRAU-Net: Accelerated 4D Flow MRI of Aortic Valvular Flows With a Deep 2D Residual Attention Network.

In this work, we propose a novel deep learning reconstruction framework for rapid and accurate reconstruction of 4D flow MRI data. Reconstruction is performed on a slice-by-slice basis by reducing artifacts in zero-filled reconstructed complex images obtained from undersampled k-space. A deep residual attention network FlowRAU-Net is proposed, trained separately for each encoding direction with 2D complex image slices extracted from complex 4D images at each temporal frame and slice position.

Prospectively Assessed Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with E-Cigarette- or Vaping-associated Lung Injury.

E-cigarette- or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) was first identified in 2019. The long-term respiratory, cognitive, mood disorder, and vaping behavior outcomes of patients with EVALI remain unknown. To determine the long-term respiratory, cognitive, mood disorder, and vaping behavior outcomes of patients with EVALI.

Pulmonary and Critical Care Considerations for e-Cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury.

Background: In 2019, the United States experienced a nationwide outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). More than one-half of these patients required admission to an ICU.

Research Question: What are the recent literature and expert opinions which inform the diagnosis and management of patients with critical illness with EVALI?

Study Design And Methods: To synthesize information critical to pulmonary/critical care specialists in the care of patients with EVALI, this study examined data available from patients hospitalized with EVALI between August 2019 and January 2020; reviewed the clinical course and critical care experience with those patients admitted to the ICU; and compiled opinion of national experts.

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation and Health Care Utilization of Medically Complex Children.

Objectives: To assess the association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and health care utilization in a cohort of children with medical complexity (CMC).

Methods: Cross-sectional study of children aged <18 years receiving care in our institution's patient-centered medical home (PCMH) for CMC in 2016 to 2017. Home addresses were assigned to census tracts and a tract-level measure of socioeconomic deprivation (Deprivation Index with range 0-1, higher numbers represent greater deprivation).

Relative pressure estimation from 4D flow MRI using generalized Bernoulli equation in a phantom model of arterial stenosis.

Objective: Arterial stenosis is a significant cardiovascular disease requiring accurate estimation of the pressure gradients for determining hemodynamic significance. In this paper, we propose Generalized Bernoulli Equation (GBE) utilizing interpolated-based method to estimate relative pressures using streamlines and pathlines from 4D Flow MRI.

Methods: 4D Flow MRI data in a stenotic phantom model and computational fluid dynamics simulated velocities generated under identical flow conditions were processed by Generalized Bernoulli Equation (GBE), Reduced Bernoulli Equations (RBE), as well as the Simple Bernoulli Equation (SBE) which is clinically prevalent.

Acceptability and impact on spasticity of a single session of upper extremity vibration in individuals with tetraplegia.

Study Design: Pre-post design; before and after vibration intervention.

Objectives: To explore effect of a focal, self-applied upper extremity (UE) vibration intervention on UE spasticity for individuals with tetraplegia. The secondary objectives were to explore the acceptability and ease of use of this intervention.