Associations among perceived stress and mindfulness on post-concussion cognitive and mental health outcomes in young adults with a concussion history.

Background: Despite evidence suggesting perceived stress negatively impacts post-concussion outcomes and that mindfulness may improve that relationship, research has not investigated those connections.

Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study included 80 young adults with a concussion history who completed a single study visit including the following measures: 1) demographics and concussion, mental health, and mindfulness histories; 2) perceived stress [Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10)]; 3) mindfulness [Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)]; and 4) post-concussion cognitive and mental health outcomes - neurocognitive performance (CNS Vital Signs), psychological symptoms [Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18)], and QOL [Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®)]. First, separate regression models determined the association among perceived stress and post-concussion cognitive and mental health outcomes.

Different complex regulatory phenotypes underlie hybrid male sterility in divergent rodent crosses.

Hybrid incompatibilities are a critical component of species barriers and may arise due to negative interactions between divergent regulatory elements in parental species. We used a comparative approach to identify common themes in the regulatory phenotypes associated with hybrid male sterility in two divergent rodent crosses, dwarf hamsters and house mice. We investigated three potential characteristic gene expression phenotypes in hybrids including the propensity of transgressive differentially expressed genes towards over or underexpression, the influence of developmental stage on patterns of misexpression, and the role of the sex chromosomes on misexpression phenotypes.

Developing an Evidence-Based Interprofessional Algorithm to Apply Noninvasive Ventilation in Acute Exacerbation of COPD.

Background: When administered as first-line intervention to patients admitted with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure secondary to COPD exacerbation in conjunction with guideline-recommended therapies, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been shown to reduce mortality and endotracheal intubation. Opportunities to increase uptake of NIV continue to exist despite inclusion of this therapy in clinical guidelines. Prior studies suggest that efforts to increase NIV use in acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) need to account for the complex and interprofessional nature of NIV delivery and the need for interprofessional team coordination.

Early Outcomes for Management of Atrioventricular Septal Defect-Tetralogy of Fallot in the Last Decade: A Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society Study.

Background: We sought to determine the management and early outcomes of complete atrioventricular septal defect-tetralogy of Fallot (AVSD-TOF) for a contemporary multicenter cohort.

Methods: Of 739 participants in the Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society AVSD cohort (January 2012-May 2021), 40 had AVSD-TOF. We first compared survival differences for patients with AVSD-TOF versus those with isolated AVSD using propensity matching.

Spatial multiomic landscape of the human placenta at molecular resolution.

Successful pregnancy relies directly on the placenta's complex, dynamic, gene-regulatory networks. Disruption of this vast collection of intercellular and intracellular programs leads to pregnancy complications and developmental defects. In the present study, we generated a comprehensive, spatially resolved, multimodal cell census elucidating the molecular architecture of the first trimester human placenta.

Mutant PP2A Induces IGFBP2 Secretion to Promote Development of High-Grade Uterine Cancer.

Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) and uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) tumors are uniquely aggressive, suggesting that the primary tumor is intrinsically equipped to disseminate and metastasize. Previous work identified mutational hotspots within PPP2R1A, which encodes the Aα scaffolding subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a heterotrimeric serine/threonine phosphatase. Two recurrent heterozygous PPP2R1A mutations, P179R and S256F, occur exclusively within high-grade subtypes of uterine cancer and can drive tumorigenesis and metastasis.

A novel outer membrane vesicle adjuvant improves vaccine protection against Bordetella pertussis.

Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable respiratory disease caused by the Gram negative coccobacillus Bordetella pertussis. The licensed acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines protect against disease but do not prevent bacterial colonization and transmission. Here, we developed and tested an intranasal vaccine composed of aP antigens combined with T-vant, a novel adjuvant derived from bacterial outer membrane vesicles, that elicits both mucosal and systemic immune responses.

Effect of depression treatment on health behaviors and cardiovascular risk factors in primary care patients with depression and elevated cardiovascular risk: data from the eIMPACT trial.

Background: Depression is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but it is unknown if successful depression treatment reduces CVD risk.

Methods: Using eIMPACT trial data, we examined the effect of modernized collaborative care for depression on indicators of CVD risk. A total of 216 primary care patients with depression and elevated CVD risk were randomized to 12 months of the eIMPACT intervention (internet cognitive-behavioral therapy [CBT], telephonic CBT, and select antidepressant medications) or usual primary care.

: A Robust Public Resource for Converting SARS-CoV-2 Ct Values to Viral Loads.

The amount of SARS-CoV-2 in a sample is often measured using Ct values. However, the same Ct value may correspond to different viral loads on different platforms and assays, making them difficult to compare from study to study. To address this problem, we developed , a Python package that converts Ct values to viral loads for any RT-qPCR assay/platform.

Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness of an Online Meditation Intervention in Young Adults With Concussion History.

Context: Mindfulness interventions (yoga, meditation) in traumatic brain injury populations show promising improvements in injury outcomes. However, most studies include all injury severities and use in-person, general programming lacking accessibility and specificity to the nuance of concussion. Therefore, this study investigated the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of an online, concussion-focused meditation intervention among young adults with a concussion history.

Men with HIV Have Increased Alveolar Bone Loss.

Background: Periodontal health in men with HIV remains understudied, despite suggestions of associations between HIV infection and gingival pocketing, periodontal attachment loss, and gingival inflammation. As antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved the quality of life for people living with HIV (PLWH), aging-related risk factors and comorbidities, including periodontitis, have emerged. This study aims to assess alveolar bone height, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokines, and periodontal disease activity in men with and without HIV.

Foregoing Preoperative Antibiotics in Clean, Implant-Based Hand Surgery Does Not Increase Postoperative Infectious Risks.

Purpose: Although data support foregoing preoperative antibiotics for outpatient, soft-tissue procedures, there is a paucity of evidence regarding antibiotics for implant-based hand procedures. The purpose of this investigation was to assess early postoperative infectious concerns for patients undergoing implant-based hand surgery, regardless of preoperative antibiotic use.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed consisting of all patients undergoing implant-based hand procedures between January 2015 and October 2021.

Building the Infrastructure to Integrate Social Care in a Safety Net Health System.

A recent National Academies report recommended that health systems invest in new infrastructure to integrate social and medical care. Although many health systems routinely screen patients for social concerns, few health systems achieve the recommended model of integration. In this critical case study in an urban safety net health system, we describe the human capital, operational redesign, and financial investment needed to implement the National Academy recommendations.

The Real-World Impact of App-Based Mindfulness on Headspace Members With Moderate and Severe Perceived Stress: Observational Study.

Background: Perceived stress in the United States has drastically increased since the COVID-19 pandemic and is associated with negative mental health outcomes such as depression and anxiety. Digital mental health (DMH) interventions are efficacious tools to address negative mental health outcomes and have helped reduce the severity of psychological symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, and perceived stress, compared to waitlist controls. Although DMH tools have been studied in controlled settings, less is known about the real-world evidence of such interventions.

Applying Noninvasive Ventilation in Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of COPD Using Evidence-Based Interprofessional Clinical Practice.

When administered as first-line intervention to patients admitted with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure secondary to COPD exacerbation in conjunction with guideline-recommended therapies, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been shown to reduce mortality and endotracheal intubation. Opportunities to increase uptake of NIV continue to exist despite inclusion of this therapy in clinical guidelines. Identifying patients appropriate for NIV, and subsequently providing close monitoring to determine an improvement in clinical condition involves a team consisting of physician, nurse, and respiratory therapist in institutions that successfully implement NIV.

Reinfusion of CD19 CAR T cells for relapse prevention and treatment in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Relapse after CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells remains a substantial challenge. Short CAR T-cell persistence contributes to relapse risk, necessitating novel approaches to prolong durability. CAR T-cell reinfusion (CARTr) represents a potential strategy to reduce the risk of or treat relapsed disease after initial CAR T-cell infusion (CARTi).

Self-administered versus clinician-performed BinaxNOW COVID rapid test: a comparison of accuracy.

We conducted a single-center study at a free community testing site in Baltimore City to assess the accuracy of self-performed rapid antigen tests (RATs) for COVID-19. Self-administered BinaxNOW RATs were compared with clinician-performed RATs and against a reference lab molecular testing as the gold standard. Of the 953 participants, 14.

Adherence to Complication Reporting for Randomized Controlled Trials Contained in Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Purpose: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are frequently used in creating recommendations contained within clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). However, investigations outside of hand surgery have reported that RCTs within CPGs infrequently report complications and harms-related data. Our purpose was to assess adherence to complication reporting and harms-related outcomes contained in the Consolidated Standards for Reporting (CONSORT) Extension of Harms and Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) reporting checklists for RCTs within the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery (AAOS) CPGs for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

CAR-T cells for pediatric malignancies: Past, present, future and nursing implications.

The treatment landscape for pediatric cancers over the last 11 years has undergone a dramatic change, especially with relapsed and refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), due to the introduction of chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy. Because of the success of CAR-T cell therapy in patients with relapsed and refractory B-cell ALL, this promising therapy is undergoing trials in multiple other pediatric malignancies. This article will focus on the introduction of CAR-T cell therapy in pediatric B-cell ALL and discuss past and current trials.

Different complex regulatory phenotypes underlie hybrid male sterility in divergent rodent crosses.

Hybrid incompatibilities are a critical component of species barriers and may arise due to negative interactions between divergent regulatory elements in parental species. We used a comparative approach to identify common themes in the regulatory phenotypes associated with hybrid male sterility in two divergent rodent crosses, dwarf hamsters and house mice. We investigated three potential characteristic gene expression phenotypes in hybrids including the propensity of transgressive differentially expressed genes towards over or underexpression, the influence of developmental stage on patterns of misexpression, and the role of the sex chromosomes on misexpression phenotypes.