Rater Training in Medical Education: A Scoping Review.

There is an increasing focus in medical education on trainee evaluation. Often, reliability and other psychometric properties of evaluations fall below expected standards. Rater training, a process whereby raters undergo instruction on how to consistently evaluate trainees and produce reliable and accurate scores, has been suggested to improve rater performance within behavioral sciences.

Followership: A review of the literature in healthcare and beyond.

Introduction: Research in healthcare leadership has focused on leaders. In contrast, organizational success may be more influenced by followers. Kelley described five followership styles based on two characteristics: active engagement and independent critical thinking.