Sensory Characteristics and Impact of Flavanol-Rich Grape and Blueberry Extract on Blood Flow Velocity and Oxidative Stress.

Background: Several epidemiological studies and intervention trials have demonstrated that grapes and blueberries, which are rich in flavanols, can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms of action of these compounds remain unclear due to their low bioavailability.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the sensory properties, blood flow velocity, and oxidative stress of a polyphenol rich grape and blueberry extract (PEGB) containing approximately 16% flavanols (11% monomers and 4% dimers).

Can Broadening the Kidney Biopsy Criteria Reduce Misleading Diagnoses in Young Patients with End-Stage Renal Diseases? A Survey on the Sicilian Registry of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation.

Audits allow analysis of the delivery of care and the prevalence of diseases. This study investigated kidney diseases' impact on end-stage renal disease (ERSD) in patients younger than 30 years. : This analysis is retrospectively conducted on young dialysis-dependent patients included in the Sicilian Registry of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Participants.

Corrigendum to "Frankincense: A neuronutrient to approach Parkinson's disease treatment".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0988.].

Corrigendum to "Investigating hormesis, aging, and neurodegeneration: From bench to clinics".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0986.].

An immunohistochemical evaluation of fast twitch muscle formation induced by repeated administration of flavan 3-ols in mice.

Flavan-3-ols (FL) are poorly bioavailable astringent polyphenols that induce hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of repeated oral administration of FL on mice hindlimb skeletal muscle using immunohistochemical techniques. C57BL/6J male mice were orally administered 50 mg/kg of FL for a period of 2 weeks, and bromideoxyuridine (BrdU) was administered intraperitoneally 3 days prior to the dissection.

Verification of the interaction between human bitter taste receptor T2R46 and polyphenols; Computational chemistry approach.

Recent studies have indicated that the activation of bitter taste receptors (T2R) expressed in gastrointestinal secretory cells has a regulatory effect on the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones. Polyphenols are known to be ingested at a daily intake of 5 g or more and commonly have a bitter taste. Consequently, the interaction between the bitter taste receptor T2R46 and 490 polyphenols was investigated using simulation techniques.

Do the hormetic effects of chlorogenic acid mediate some of the beneficial effects of coffee?

The present paper provides the first documentation and assessment of the capacity of chlorogenic acid to induce hormetic dose-response relationships. The findings suggest that chlorogenic acid may induce anabolic (i.e.

Proteinuria and Progression of Renal Damage: The Main Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Pharmacological Approach.

The integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier maintains protein excretion below 150 mg/day. When urinary proteins increase, this indicates damage to the filtration barrier. However, proteinuria is not only a marker of kidney damage but also exacerbates it through various mechanisms involving the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments.

The chemoprotective hormetic effects of rosmarinic acid.

Rosmarinic acid is a polyphenol found in numerous fruits and vegetables, consumed in supplement form, and tested in numerous clinical trials for therapeutic applications due to its putative chemopreventive properties. Rosmarinic acid has been extensively studied at the cellular, whole animal, and molecular mechanism levels, presenting a complex array of multi-system biological effects. Rosmarinic acid-induced hormetic dose responses are widespread, occurring in numerous biological models and cell types for a broad range of endpoints.

Impact of Serum Phosphate on Hemoglobin Level: A Longitudinal Analysis on a Large Cohort of Dialysis Patients.

: Phosphate is a macro-element involved in all cellular energetic processes. As about 90% of the phosphate filtered by the glomerulus is excreted by kidneys, the impairment of renal function and the consequent over-secretion of parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor 23 results in the increase in the serum phosphate levels. The association between phosphate and hemoglobin is controversial, as both direct and indirect relationships have been reported.

Change in Nfkb/Nrf2/Bax Levels by High Monomeric Polyphenols Berries Extract (HMPBE) in Acute and Chronic Secondary Brain Damage.

Background/aims: High Monomeric Polyphenols Berries Extract (HMPBE) is a formula highly rich in polyphenols clinically proven to enhance learning and memory. It is currently used to enhances cognitive performance including accuracy, working memory and concentration.

Methods: Here, we investigated for the first time the beneficial effects of HMPBE in a mouse model of acute and chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Impact of Serum Phosphorus on Hemoglobin: A Literature Review.

Phosphorus is a macroelement found in the body, mostly in the bones as crystals of hydroxyapatite. Higher levels are found in patients affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Since the early stage of CKD phosphorous excretion is impaired, but the increase of PTH and FGF23 maintains its level in the normal range.

Assessing carnosinase 1 activity for diagnosing congenital disorders of glycosylation.

Diagnosing Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) is challenging due to clinical heterogeneity and the limited sensitivity of the classic serum transferrin isoelectric focusing (IEF) or capillary zone electrophoresis test. This study investigates the potential of using the glycoprotein carnosinase 1 (CN1) activity as a diagnostic marker for CDG patients. CN1 activity was measured photometrically in serum from 81 genetically confirmed CDG patients and healthy individuals.

Differences in Efficacy between Antibacterial Lock Therapy and the Standard of Care for CVC-Related Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Central Venous Catheter (CVC)-related infections cannot always be solved by replacement, due to some vascular anomalies or an emergency status. This comprehensive, evidence-based review aimed to define the efficacy of antibacterial lock therapy (ALT) compared to the standard of care (SoC) in CVC-related infections. : We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, looking for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort or case-control observational studies.

Ultrastructural Changes of Neuroendocrine Pheochromocytoma Cell Line PC-12 Exposed In Vitro to Rotenone.

Rotenone is a pesticide used in research for its ability to induce changes similar, in vivo and in vitro, to those observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). This includes a selective death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Nonetheless, the precise mechanism through which rotenone modifies structure and function of neurons remains unclear.

ToF-SIMS imaging shows specific lipophilic vitamin alterations in chronic reprotoxicity caused by the emerging contaminant Pravastatin in Gammarus fossarum.

Blood lipid-lowering agents, such as Pravastatin, are among the most frequently used pharmaceuticals released into the aquatic environment. Although their effects on humans are very well understood, their consequences on freshwater organisms are not well known, especially in chronic exposure conditions. Gammarus fossarum is commonly used as sentinel species in ecotoxicology because of its sensitivity to a wide range of environmental contaminants and the availability of standardized bioassays.

Hormetic Nutrition and Redox Regulation in Gut-Brain Axis Disorders.

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hormetic nutrition for enhancing stress resilience and overall human health have received much attention. Recently, the gut-brain axis has attracted prominent interest for preventing and therapeutically impacting neuropathologies and gastrointestinal diseases. Polyphenols and polyphenol-combined nanoparticles in synergy with probiotics have shown to improve gut bioavailability and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, thus inhibiting the oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction and inflammation linked to gut dysbiosis and ultimately the onset and progression of central nervous system (CNS) disorders.