S100P is a ferroptosis suppressor to facilitate hepatocellular carcinoma development by rewiring lipid metabolism.

Ferroptosis is a newly identified programmed cell death induced by iron-driven lipid peroxidation and implicated as a potential approach for tumor treatment. However, emerging evidence indicates that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells are generally resistant to ferroptosis and the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Here, our study confirms that S100 calcium binding protein P (S100P), which is significantly up-regulated in ferroptosis-resistant HCC cells, efficiently inhibits ferroptosis.

HDAC10 switches NLRP3 modification from acetylation to ubiquitination and attenuates acute inflammatory diseases.

Background: The NOD-like receptor protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome is at the signaling hub center to instigate inflammation in response to pathogen infection or oxidative stress, and its tight control is pivotal for immune defense against infection while avoiding parallel intensive inflammatory tissue injury. Acetylation of NLRP3 is critical for the full activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, while the precise regulation of the acetylation and deacetylation circuit of NLRP3 protein remained to be fully understood.

Methods: The interaction between histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) and NLRP3 was detected by immunoprecipitation and western blot in the HDAC10 and NLRP3 overexpressing cells.

Repair and regeneration: ferroptosis in the process of remodeling and fibrosis in impaired organs.

As common clinical-pathological processes, wound healing and tissue remodelling following injury or stimulation are essential topics in medical research. Promoting the effective healing of prolonged wounds, improving tissue repair and regeneration, and preventing fibrosis are important and challenging issues in clinical practice. Ferroptosis, which is characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxidation, is a nontraditional form of regulated cell death.

SFRP1 mediates cancer-associated fibroblasts to suppress cancer cell proliferation and migration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as key cell populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), play a crucial role in tumor regulation. Previous studies on a prognostic signature of 8 CAF-related genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) revealed that Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) is one of the hub genes closely related to CAFs. SFRP1 is deficiently expressed in numerous types of cancer and is classified as a tumor suppressor gene.

Role of microalgae-bacterial consortium in wastewater treatment: A review.

In the global effort to reduce CO emissions, the concurrent enhancement of pollutant degradation and reductions in fossil fuel consumption are pivotal aspects of microalgae-mediated wastewater treatment. Clarifying the degradation mechanisms of bacteria and microalgae during pollutant treatment, as well as regulatory biolipid production, could enhance process sustainability. The synergistic and inhibitory relationships between microalgae and bacteria are introduced in this paper.

cGAS suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma independent of its cGAMP synthase activity.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a key innate immune sensor that recognizes cytosolic DNA to induce immune responses against invading pathogens. The role of cGAS is conventionally recognized as a nucleotidyltransferase to catalyze the synthesis of cGAMP upon recognition of cytosolic DNA, which leads to the activation of STING and production of type I/III interferon to fight against the pathogen. However, given that hepatocytes are lack of functional STING expression, it is intriguing to define the role of cGAS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the liver parenchymal cells derived malignancy.

P2X7 receptor of olfactory bulb microglia plays a pathogenic role in stress-related depression in mice with allergic rhinitis.

The aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of the olfactory bulb (OB) microglial P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in allergic rhinitis (AR)-related depression, with the objective of identifying a potential clinical target. An AR mouse model was induced using ovalbumin (OVA), while chronic stress was employed to induce depression. The study used P2X7R-specific antagonists and OB microglia-specific P2X7R knockdown mice as crucial tools.

Microbial metabolites are involved in tumorigenesis and development by regulating immune responses.

The human microbiota is symbiotic with the host and can create a variety of metabolites. Under normal conditions, microbial metabolites can regulate host immune function and eliminate abnormal cells in a timely manner. However, when metabolite production is abnormal, the host immune system might be unable to identify and get rid of tumor cells at the early stage of carcinogenesis, which results in tumor development.

cGAS Mediates Inflammation by Polarizing Macrophages to M1 Phenotype via the mTORC1 Pathway.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), as a cytosolic DNA sensor, plays a crucial role in antiviral immunity, and its overactivation induces excess inflammation and tissue damage. Macrophage polarization is critically involved in inflammation; however, the role of cGAS in macrophage polarization during inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that cGAS was upregulated in the LPS-induced inflammatory response via the TLR4 pathway, and cGAS signaling was activated by mitochondria DNA in macrophages isolated from C57BL/6J mice.

Comparative genomics reveals cellobiose hydrolysis mechanism of M3, a cellulosic saccharification bacterium.

The cellulosome of was one of the most efficient cellulase systems in nature. However, the product of cellulose degradation by is cellobiose, which leads to the feedback inhibition of cellulosome, and it limits the application in the field of cellulosic biomass consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) industry. In a previous study, M3, which can hydrolyze cellulosic feedstocks into monosaccharides, was isolated from horse manure.

TRIM50 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation by directly inducing NLRP3 oligomerization.

Tripartite motif protein (TRIM) 50 is a new member of the tripartite motif family, and its biological function and the molecular mechanism it is involved in remain largely unknown. The NOD-like receptor family protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome is actively involved in a wide array of biological processes while mechanisms of its regulation remain to be fully clarified. Here, we demonstrate the role of TRIM50 in NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Inhibiting Src-mediated PARP1 tyrosine phosphorylation confers synthetic lethality to PARP1 inhibition in HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a heterogeneous cancer with high mortality, is resistant to single targeted therapy; thus, combination therapy based on synthetic lethality is a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC. Poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is the most recognized target for synthetic lethality; however, the therapeutic effect of PARP1 inhibition on HCC is disappointing. Therefore, exploring new synthetic lethal partners for the efficient manipulation of HCC is urgently required.

Early Prediction of Severe COVID-19 in Patients by a Novel Immune-Related Predictive Model.

During the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), immune response and inflammation reactions are dynamic events that develop rapidly and are associated with the severity of disease. Here, we aimed to develop a predictive model based on the immune and inflammatory response to discriminate patients with severe COVID-19. COVID-19 patients were enrolled, and their demographic and immune inflammatory reaction indicators were collected and analyzed.

Arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 negatively regulates cGAS-mediated antiviral immune response.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) functions as an essential DNA sensor, which senses the cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA and activates the antiviral response. However, the posttranslational modification of cGAS remains to be fully understood and whether it has arginine methylation modification remains unknown. Here, we identified protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as a direct binding partner of cGAS, and it catalyzed the arginine symmetrical dimethylation of cGAS at the Arg residue.

Biohydrogen production from traditional Chinese medicine wastewater in anaerobic packed bed reactor system.

Three anaerobic packed bed reactors (APBR) packed with activated carbon, maifanite and tourmaline as support material were continuously operated for 165 days to generate hydrogen from traditional Chinese medicine wastewater at different organic loading rates (OLR) from 15.2 to 91.3 g COD L d by changes of hydraulic retention time (HRT) varying from 24 to 6 h.

NOD2 inhibits tumorigenesis and increases chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting AMPK pathway.

Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) is a recognized innate immune sensor which can initiate potent immune response against pathogens. Many innate immune sensors have been reported to be of great importance in carcinogenesis. However, the role of NOD2 in cancer is not well understood.

NOD1 inhibits proliferation and enhances response to chemotherapy via suppressing SRC-MAPK pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

NOD1 is an innate immune sensor playing an important role in fighting against infection. However, its role in cancer is far from being clarified, and whether NOD1 plays a role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has never been reported. Here, we found that NOD1 expression was significantly decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and overexpression of NOD1 significantly inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM7 suppressed hepatocellular carcinoma progression by directly targeting Src protein.

Aberrant Src kinase activity is known to be involved in a variety of human malignancies, whereas the regulatory mechanism of Src has not been completely clarified. Here, we demonstrated that tripartite motif containing 7 (TRIM7) directly interacted with Src, induced Lys48-linked polyubiquitination of Src and reduced the abundance of Src protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We further identified TRIM7 as a tumor suppressor in HCC cells through its negative modulation of the Src-mTORC1-S6K1 axis in vivo and in vitro in several HCC models.

Continuous hydrogen and methane production from the treatment of herbal medicines wastewater in the two-phase 'UASB-IC' system.

A two-phase anaerobic system comprised of upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor for hydrogen production and internal circulation reactor (IC) for methane production was proposed and investigated at laboratory scale and mesophilic temperature (35 °C). Hydrogen was efficiently produced from the UASB with the highest production rate of 3.00 ± 0.

TRIM50 acts as a novel Src suppressor and inhibits ovarian cancer progression.

Src is a known proto-oncogene and its aberrant activity is involved in a variety of cancers, including ovarian cancer, whereas the regulatory mechanism of Src has not been fully clarified. In this study, we identified tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) 50 as a novel negative regulator of Src protein. Our data showed that TRIM50 directly interacted with SH3 domain of Src via its B-box domain; and TRIM50 reduced Src stability by inducing RING domain-dependent K48-linked poly-ubiquitous modification.

TRIM50 suppressed hepatocarcinoma progression through directly targeting SNAIL for ubiquitous degradation.

Tripartite motif-containing 50 (TRIM50) belongs to the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers. However, the role of TRIM50 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be clarified. Here we showed that TRIM50 expression was significantly decreased in liver cancer tissues compared with corresponding non-cancerous liver tissues, and its decreased expression was significantly correlated with advanced disease progression.

Co-production of hydrogen and methane from herbal medicine wastewater by a combined UASB system with immobilized sludge (H2 production) and UASB system with suspended sludge (CH4 production).

An upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) system with sludge immobilized on granular activated carbon was developed for fermentative hydrogen production continuously from herbal medicine wastewater at various organic loading rates (8-40 g chemical oxygen demand (COD) L(-1) d(-1)). The maximum hydrogen production rate reached 10.0 (±0.