CSF1-R inhibition attenuates posttraumatic osteoarthritis and quadriceps atrophy following ligament injury.

Knee osteoarthritis contributes substantially to worldwide disability. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) develops secondary to joint injury, such as ligament rupture, and there is increasing evidence suggesting a key role for inflammation in the aetiology of PTOA and associated functional deficits. Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1-R) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal degeneration following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

The Efficacy of Blood Flow Restriction Training to Improve Quadriceps Muscle Function after ACL Reconstruction.

Background: Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) is a popular rehabilitation intervention after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, there are a lack of clinical trials establishing the efficacy of using BFRT during rehabilitation to improve quadriceps muscle function.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of blood flow restriction training to improve quadriceps muscle strength, morphology, and physiology, and knee biomechanics in individuals after ACLR in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT03364647).

Randomized Controlled Trial of Irrigation-Coupled Bipolar Electrocautery Versus Tourniquet in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Recovery from total knee arthroplasty remains arduous for some patients, prompting interest in perioperative management. While tourniquet use is not associated with longer-term outcomes, its effect on quadriceps strength in the immediate postoperative window is unknown.

Methods: A single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of 66 patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty from 2019 to 2022 was performed to compare the use of an irrigation-coupled bipolar device (ICBD) and no tourniquet (ICBD group, N = 34) to tourniquet use with no ICBD (tourniquet group, N = 32).

Incidence of Osteoarthritis Diagnosis Within 5 Years of Surgery Was Greater Following Partial Meniscectomy Than Meniscus Repair and/or Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To compare knee osteoarthritis (OA) incidence within 5 years of surgery between 5 common sports medicine procedures: isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, isolated meniscus repair (MR), isolated arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM), ACL reconstruction with MR (ACL + MR), and ACL reconstruction with APM (ACL + APM).

Methods: The PearlDiver Mariner M157Ortho database was searched. Five cohorts were identified using () codes and included those 16 to 60 years old who underwent isolated ACL reconstruction, isolated MR, ACL + MR, isolated APM, or ACL + APM repair.

Editorial Commentary: Routine Use of Suture Tape Augmentation for Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery Is Not Justified.

High rates of graft failure after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and the need for revision ACLR continue to be a challenge. Multiple studies demonstrate graft failure rates and the need for revision ACLR in 10% to 15% of young patients participating in pivot sporting activities. Currently, a wide range of strategies to mitigate this is problem being investigated, including extra-articular augmentation (with modified lateral extra-articular tenodesis or anterolateral ligament reconstruction) and intra-articular fixation (that aim for primary anterior cruciate ligament healing or augmentation of an ACLR with suture tape).

ASES and UCLA Are Responsive Patient-Reported Outcome Measures After Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Multiple patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been used to assess shoulder function, but it is unknown which are the most effective.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to report the multiple PROMs used after rotator cuff repair (RCR) and to compare the responsiveness between them. It was hypothesized that the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff PROM would be the most responsive and commonly used in patients undergoing RCR.

Lysholm and KOOS QoL Demonstrate High Responsiveness in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: There have been a large number of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to assess outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR).

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose was to determine which PROMs are being commonly used in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to assess patients undergoing ACLR and to compare the responsiveness between them. It was hypothesized that the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score would be the most commonly used and responsive PROM among patients undergoing ACLR.

Responsiveness of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures After Large Knee Articular Cartilage Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Cartilage transplantation is commonly used to treat large (>4 cm) articular cartilage defects of the knee. The 2 most common transplants are osteochondral allograft transplantation and autologous chondrocyte implantation. Several patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been used to determine the efficacy of treatment, but it is unknown which measures are the most effective.

GDF8 inhibition enhances musculoskeletal recovery and mitigates posttraumatic osteoarthritis following joint injury.

Musculoskeletal disorders contribute substantially to worldwide disability. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears result in unresolved muscle weakness and posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal degeneration following ACL injury.

Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Randomized Controlled Trials Infrequently Report on the Social Determinants of Health Factors of Their Patient Cohorts.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in orthopaedic sports medicine-related journals reporting on the social determinants of health (SDOH) of their patient cohorts, including factors receiving less attention, such as education level, employment status, insurance status, and socioeconomic status.

Methods: The PubMed/MEDLINE database was used to search for RCTs between 2020 and 2022 from 3 high-impact orthopaedic sports medicine-related journals: American Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, and Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. The following information was extracted from each article: age, sex/gender, body mass index, year published, corresponding author country, and self-reported SDOH factors (race, ethnicity, education level, employment status, insurance status, and socioeconomic status).

Prevalence and Predictors of Postoperative Depression and Anxiety After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: Preoperative mood disorders influence postoperative outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR), but the prevalence and risk factors associated with postoperative depression/anxiety development remain unknown. The purposes of this study were to quantify the prevalence of postoperative diagnoses of depression or anxiety following ACLR in patients under the age of 25 and assess the interplay between patient sex and ACL reoperation on the prevalence of a depression or anxiety diagnosis following ACLR.

Methods: ACLR patients under the age of 25 years old were identified in the Truven Healthcare Marketscan database.

The Combination of Depression and Obesity was Associated with Increased Incidence of Subsequent Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Objective: Compare the incidence of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) within the first 5 years after knee OA diagnoses between matched groups of individuals with or without comorbid diagnoses of obesity and/or depression. We hypothesized that the greatest incidence of TKA within 5 years of OA diagnosis would be in the cohort of individuals with combined obesity and depression.

Methods: The PearlDiver Mariner Ortho157 database was used to identify four cohorts of individuals with knee OA based on diagnosis codes that were matched by age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index: a group without diagnoses associated with depression or obesity (Control), those with obesity but not depression (Obesity), those with depression but not obesity (Depression), and those with diagnoses of both obesity and depression (Depression+Obesity).

International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Is the Most Responsive Patient Reported Outcome Measure After Meniscal Surgery.

Purpose: To report the variability in outcome measures after meniscal surgery and to compare responsiveness between patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. A total of 257 studies met inclusion criteria.

Older Age, Female Sex, Anxiety, Substance Use Disorder, Osteoarthritis, Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy, and Opioid Familiarity Are Risk Factors for Prolonged Opioid Use Following Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To determine which preoperative factors are associated with prolonged opioid use after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR).

Methods: The M151Ortho PearlDiver database was queried for patients who underwent MPFLR between 2010 and 2020. Inclusion criteria included patients who underwent MPFLR using Current Procedural Terminology codes 27420, 27422, and 27427 and had a patellar instability diagnosis.

Patients With Depression and/or Anxiety Having Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Show Decreased Number of Prescriptions and Number of Psychotherapy Sessions in the Year After Surgery.

Purpose: To determine whether the utilization of psychological treatments changes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) for patients with preoperative depression and/or anxiety.

Methods: The Truven Healthcare Marketscan database was used to identify patients who underwent arthroscopic RCR between January 2009 and December 2016. We included all patients with diagnosis codes associated with either depression or anxiety before RCR.

Increased Effusion Synovitis for Those With a Dysregulated Inflammatory Response After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.

Introduction The progression to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is likely multifactorial, involving biological, mechanical, and psychosocial factors. Following acute joint trauma, there appears to be a subset of patients that demonstrate a dysregulated inflammatory response. This pro-inflammatory phenotype, or "Inflamma-type," is characterized by an amplified pro-inflammatory response combined with a lack of attendant anti-inflammatory response and has been observed following both an ACL injury and an intra-articular fracture.

Return to Play and Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the National Women's Soccer League.

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is commonly injured in elite-level female athletes, which usually requires ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Purpose: To analyze return to play (RTP) and changes in performance of players in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) after ACLR.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Epidemiological analysis of pediatric baseball and softball concussions in United States emergency departments.

Purpose: To evaluate the epidemiology of concussions in pediatric baseball and softball players. We hypothesized that head-to-ball injuries would be the most common cause of concussions.

Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was used to gather data.

YouTube Is a Poor-Quality Source for Patient Information Regarding Patellar Dislocations.

Purpose: To evaluate the content and quality of YouTube videos concerning patellar dislocations.

Methods: "Patellar dislocation" and "kneecap dislocation" were searched on the YouTube library. The Uniform Resource Locator of the first 25 suggested videos was extracted, for a total of 50 videos.

Return to Play, Performance, and Economic Analysis of National Football League Players After Lisfranc Injury.

Background: A Lisfranc injury can occur to either the ligament or bone, which causes instability when attempting to perform strength and balance maneuvers.

Purpose/hypothesis: The study's aims were to (1) analyze the return-to-play (RTP) rate and performance level of players in the National Football League (NFL) after Lisfranc injury and (2) determine the economic and financial impact of Lisfranc injuries to the NFL. We hypothesized that there would be a low RTP rate following Lisfranc injury in the NFL.

Leveraging Insurance Claims Data to Identify Risk Factors for Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis After Multiligament Knee Reconstruction.

Background: The incidence of subsequent posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA) diagnosis after surgery and the associated risk factors have been well reported after single-ligament anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction; however, to date, the incidence of posttraumatic OA for those who have experienced multiligament knee injury (MLKI) has been reported only in relatively small, single-center studies.

Purpose: To compare the incidence of OA diagnoses between patients with ACL injury versus patients with MLKI and to identify risk factors for OA diagnosis after MLKI.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Synovial Fluid Inflammatory Profiles did not Differ between Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Multi-ligament Knee Injuries.

Objective And Design: The purpose of this study was to compare synovial concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines between multiple-ligament knee injured (MLKI) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-injured patients.

Subjects: 14 patients with MLKI and 10 patients with isolated ACL injury.

Methods: Synovial fluid was aspirated from the operative knee at the time of surgery and the concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in the synovial fluid were determined.