Unravelling the synergistic effects in GdCe composite oxides supported biochar catalysts for formaldehyde elimination: Elevated performance and SO toleration.

A chain of GdCe oxides boosted biochars derived from maize straw and sewage sludge (GdCe/MPBs) were fabricated for formaldehyde (HCHO) catalytic decomposition. The ingenerate relationship between the abatement performance and corresponding structural feature was comprehensively evaluated by XPS, in situ DRIFTS, BET, XRD, SEM and H-TPR. Meanwhile, 10%GdCe/MPB exhibited excellent performance, favorable SO and moisture toleration over a broad temperature range from 160 to 320 ℃, where it achieved 96.

An electrospun three-layer nanofibrous membrane-based gel separator for efficient lithium-organic batteries.

An gel separator based on an electrospun three-layer nanofibrous membrane (PSE11-Gel) is developed for high-performance lithium-organic batteries (LOBs). The highly efficient shuttle effect inhibition of organic cathode molecules or lithiated intermediates has been demonstrated for PSE11-Gel to realize high-capacity stable LOBs.

Interface engineering of MnO/CoO S-scheme heterojunctions to enhance the photothermal catalytic degradation of toluene.

Transition metal oxides have high photothermal conversion capacity and excellent thermal catalytic activity, and their photothermal catalytic ability can be further improved by reasonably inducing the photoelectric effect of semiconductors. Herein, MnO/CoO composites with S-scheme heterojunctions were fabricated for photothermal catalytic degradation of toluene under ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) light irradiation. The distinct hetero-interface of MnO/CoO effectively increases the specific surface area and promotes the formation of oxygen vacancies, thus facilitating the generation of reactive oxygen species and migration of surface lattice oxygen.

Recent Progress of Carbon Dots for Air Pollutants Detection and Photocatalytic Removal: Synthesis, Modifications, and Applications.

Rapid industrialization has inevitably led to serious air pollution problems, thus it is urgent to develop detection and treatment technologies for qualitative and quantitative analysis and efficient removal of harmful pollutants. Notably, the employment of functional nanomaterials, in sensing and photocatalytic technologies, is promising to achieve efficient in situ detection and removal of gaseous pollutants. Among them, carbon dots (CDs) have shown significant potential due to their superior properties, such as controllable structures, easy surface modification, adjustable energy band, and excellent electron-transfer capacities.

Tunning active oxygen species for boosting Hg removal and SO-resistance of Mn-Fe oxides supported on (NH)SO doping activated coke.

Active oxygen species (AOS) play an essential role in modulating the activity of activated coke (AC) based samples. In this paper, AC was endowed with abundant AOS by modifying with (NH)SO and MnO-FeO for Hg removal. (NH)SO treatment induced abundant micropores and oxygen-containing functional groups, and thus provided more anchoring sites for the dispersion of MnO-FeO.

Exosomes from human induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells improved myocardial injury caused by severe acute pancreatitis through activating Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 axis.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) have been believed to be a promising alternative for the stem cell transplantation therapy. The exosomes (Exo) from iMSCs play an important role in several kinds of life activities. The role of exosomes from iMSCs in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) induced myocardial injury (MI) has not been investigated.

Thermal treatment of sewage sludge: A comparative review of the conversion principle, recovery methods and bioavailability-predicting of phosphorus.

Phosphorus is a nutrient that is essential to nature and human life and has attracted attention because of its very limited reserves. Dwindling phosphorus reserves and soaring prices have made the recovery of phosphorus from waste biosolids even more urgent. Waste activated sludge, as the final destination of most of the phosphorus in human domestic and industrial water, has been considered as a reliable source of phosphorus recovery.

Improvement of cardiac function by mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles through targeting miR-497/Smad7 axis.

Background: The extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the ability to improve Myocardial infarction (MI). Some microRNAs (miRNAs) including miR-497 and related target genes have been proved to be closely linked with heart diseases. However, EVs could regulate MI process through miR-497, and the mechanisms have not been fully reported.

LaO modified MnO loaded biomass activated carbon and its enhanced performance for simultaneous abatement of NO and Hg.

A battery of agricultural straw derived biomass activated carbons supported LaO modified MnO (LaMn/BACs) was prepared by a facile impregnation method and then tested for simultaneous abatement of NO and Hg. 15%LaMn/BAC manifested excellent removal efficiency of Hg (100%) and NO (86.7%) at 180 °C, which also exhibited splendid resistance to SO and HO.

Catalytic enhancement of hydrogenation reduction and oxygen transfer reaction for perchlorate removal: A review.

Perchlorate is the main contaminant in surface water and groundwater, and it is of current urgency to remove due to its high water solubility, mobility, and endocrine-disrupting properties. The conversion of perchlorate into harmless chloride ions by using appropriate catalysts is the most promising and effective route to overcome its high activation energy and kinetic stability. Perchlorate is usually reduced in two ways: (1) indirect reduction via oxygen atom transfer (OAT) reaction or (2) hydrodeoxygenation through highly active reducing H atoms.

[Clinical study on intravenous combined with aerosol inhalation of polymyxin B for the treatment of pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of intravenous combined with aerosol inhalation of polymyxin B for the treatment of pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (G) bacteria.

Methods: A observational study was conducted. The clinical data of 45 patients with pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant G bacteria admitted to intensive care unit of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January to October in 2020 were analyzed.

Highly efficient simultaneous removal of HCHO and elemental mercury over Mn-Co oxides promoted Zr-AC samples.

MnCo/Zr-AC prepared by impregnation method was investigated on the simultaneous removal of HCHO and Hg. The samples were characterized by BET, SEM, XRD, H pulse chemisorption, H-TPR, XPS, Hg-TPD and in-situ DRIFTS. Thereinto, the optimal MnCo/Zr-AC achieved 99.

Insight into the effect of SO on the Hg removal performance over a 1V-8Ce/AC sorbent at low temperatures.

The influences of SO on Hg° removal over the 1V-8Ce/AC sorbent were systematically investigated at low temperatures. The experimental results showed that SO has a dual effect on Hg° removal, that is, SO has both a promoting effect and an inhibiting effect on Hg° removal. The SO transient response experiment indicated that SO could not only react with Hg° to promote the removal of Hg° but also react with the active components and poison the sorbent.

Electrochemical Synthesis and Electro-Optical Properties of Dibenzothiophene/Thiophene Conjugated Polymers With Stepwise Enhanced Conjugation Lengths.

A total of six conjugated polymers, namely PDBT-Th, PDBT-Th:Th, PDBT-2Th, PDBT-Th:2Th, PDBT-2Th:Th, and PDBT-2Th:2Th, consisting of dibenzothiophene, thiophene, and bithiophene were electrochemically synthesized. Their electrochemical and electrochromic properties were investigated in relation to the conjugation chain lengths of the thiophene units in the conjugated backbones. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that longer conjugation lengths resulted in decreased HOMO-LUMO gaps in the polymers.

Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and rice husk over biochar catalyst: Bio-oil upgrading and catalytic mechanism.

In this study, the effects of different biochar catalysts on the quality of bio-oil derived from the co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS) and rice husk (RH) are explored. Catalysts include SS biochar (SWC), RH biochar (RHC), mixed SS and RH biochar (SRC), and RH ash (RHA). The quality of bio-oil was evaluated based on the results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS; including the contents of hydrocarbons and N-species), oxygen content, higher heating value, and pH.

Ultrafine Re/Pd nanoparticles on polydopamine modified carbon nanotubes for efficient perchlorate reduction and reusability.

This study synthesized nanocomposite catalysts via a modification of Re/Pd codoped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different concentrations of polydopamine (PDA), which were used for perchlorate (ClO) reduction. The loads, dispersion and reducibility of Re/Pd nanoparticles increased yet their particle sizes significantly decreased with the increase of PDA concentrations. The average diameter of Re/Pd codoped DCNT (CNT modified by 2 mg/mL PDA) with a narrow size distribution was measured to be 2 nm.

Promotional removal of gas-phase Hg over activated coke modified by CuCl.

Impregnating CuCl on AC (activated coke) support to synthesize xCuCl/AC showed superior activity with higher 90% Hg removal efficiency at 80-140 °C, as well as a lower oxygen demand of 2% O for Hg removal. The acceleration on Hg removal was observed for NO and SO. The BET, SEM, XRD, XPS, TPD, and FT-IR characterizations revealed that the larger surface area, sufficient active oxygen species and co-existence of Cu and Cu may account for the efficient Hg removal.

Effect of temperature on the sulfur fate during hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge.

To understand the effect of reaction temperature on sulfur during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sewage sludge (SS), seven group of temperature (180-300 °C) were chosen to investigate the distributions and evolution of sulfur-containing compounds in hydrochar and the liquid products. Elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the distribution of sulfur in hydrochar. The concentrations of sulfate ions and sulfide were determined in the liquid sample.

Hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge: Effect of feed-water pH on hydrochar's physicochemical properties, organic component and thermal behavior.

In this study, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sewage sludge(SS) was carried out at a temperature of 270℃ and a resulting pressure of 7-9 MPa with 2 h. The effect of feed water pH values in the range of 2-12 on hydrochar characteristics, organic component and thermal behavior was evaluated. The result shows that with the pH value increasing, ash content shows a trend of decline, and organic components in the hydrochar become significantly simpler than SS.

Catalytic removal of toluene over manganese oxide-based catalysts: a review.

It is necessary to control the emissions of toluene, which is hazardous to both human health and the atmosphere environment and has been classified as a priority pollutant. Manganese oxide-based (Mn-based) catalysts have received increased attention due to their high catalytic performance, good physicochemical characteristic, availability in various crystal structures and morphologies, and being environmentally friendly and low cost. These catalysts can be classified into five categories, namely single manganese oxide, Mn-based composite oxides, Mn-based special oxides, supported Mn-based oxides, and Mn-based monoliths.

Fe(II) activated persulfate assisted hydrothermal conversion of sewage sludge: Focusing on nitrogen transformation mechanism and removal effectiveness.

In this study, Fe(II)-activated persulfate-assisted hydrothermal treatment (Fe(II)-PS-HT) was used to improve the efficiency of removing nitrogen (N) from the sewage sludge (SS) under relatively mild conditions (i.e., at 150 °C, for 20min), and the N transformation mechanism was investigated.

In-depth comparison of morphology, microstructure, and pathway of char derived from sewage sludge and relevant model compounds.

Hydrothermal conversion (HTC) of sewage sludge (SS) and its relevant model compounds such as cellulose, glucose, lignin and soybean protein (substitute for protein) was experimentally conducted at moderate reaction temperature of 260 °C for 60 min. The structural properties, carbon-containing groups, and microstructure of the char were characterised by several techniques. The results revealed that more benzene rings were formed by small clusters and the CO bond on Aryl-alkyl ether decomposed on the surface particles during the HTC process.

Speciation and transformation of nitrogen for spirulina hydrothermal carbonization.

Nitrogen conversion (N-conversion) mechanism of spirulina (SP) in hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was investigated under medium-low temperature (180-280 °C). N-conversion in bio-char, liquid and bio-oil were studied by FTIR, XPS, GC-MS and other analytical methods. Results indicated that the temperature could significantly affect the evolution of nitrogen.

Adsorption and oxidation of elemental mercury from coal-fired flue gas over activated coke loaded with Mn-Ni oxides.

A series of Mn-Ni/AC (AC, activated coke) catalysts were synthesized by the impregnation method for the removal of elemental mercury (Hg) from simulated flue gas. The samples were characterized by BET, ICP-OES, SEM, XRD, XPS, H-TPR, FT-IR, and TGA. MnNi/AC exhibited optimal removal efficiency of 96.