Impact of Chlorella vulgaris and probiotic supplementation on performance, immunity and intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens.

Chlorella vulgaris has antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as the probiotic that is important for keeping the intestinal microbiota balanced. The objective was to test the impact of supplementation with microalgae and/or probiotics on broiler chickens' performance, immunity, and intestinal microbiota. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four levels of inclusion of C.

[More Doctors Program: characterizing the quality of primary care by the type of medical provision].

This study characterized the quality of primary care based on the responses of professionals and users, focusing on the type of physician - whether or not they were included in the More Doctors Program (PMM, acronym in Portuguese). A cross-sectional study was conducted applying the Quality and Strengthening of Primary Care Questionnaire to 149 physicians and 795 users in basic health units in Pernambuco State, Brazil, from February to November 2018. The present study used the concept of PMM provision which foresees the allocation of medical professionals to an areas of social vulnerability.

Well-Being and Performance of Nursery Pigs Subjected to Different Commercial Vaccines Against Porcine Circovirus Type 2, and .

Vaccination is a strategy in pig farming for the control of several pathogens, but commercial vaccines may have detrimental side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of commercial vaccines on the control of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), (Mhp), and (. ) and their potential side effects on welfare, behavior, acute inflammation biomarkers (C-reactive protein and haptoglobin), and the performance of piglets during the nursery phase.

Unraveling the protective genetic architecture of COVID-19 in the Brazilian Amazon.

Despite all the efforts acquired in four years of the COVID-19 pandemic, the path to a full understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in this disease remains complex. This is partly due to a combination of factors, including the inherent characteristics of the infection, socio-environmental elements, and the variations observed within both the viral and the human genomes. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between genetic host factors and the severity of COVID-19.

Unveiling differential gene co-expression networks and its effects on levodopa-induced dyskinesia.

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) refers to involuntary motor movements of chronic use of levodopa in Parkinson's disease (PD) that negatively impact the overall well-being of people with this disease. The molecular mechanisms involved in LID were investigated through whole-blood transcriptomic analysis for differential gene expression and identification of new co-expression and differential co-expression networks. We found six differentially expressed genes in patients with LID, and 13 in patients without LID.

Development and validation of a questionnaire (QSPC-Q) for assessment of quality and strengthening of primary care in Brazil.

The performance evaluation of services through instruments is relevant, as it can support thoughts, actions and political approaches to meet a social need. The objective of the article was to develop and validate the Quality and Strengthening of Primary Care Questionnaire (QSPC-Q) for professionals and users based on Starfield attributes and Donabedian pillars. A mixed sequential study was performed to develop the QSPC-Q.

Performance and intestinal health of piglets in the nursery phase subjected to diets with condensed black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) tannin.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of condensed tannin from black acacia (Acacia mearnsii) as a substitute additive for zinc oxide and growth-promoting antibiotics on the performance, digestibility, and intestinal health of piglets in the nursery phase.

Methods: A total of 200 PIC piglets that were 22 days old and weighed 6.0±0.

Assessment of Ti, Ir, Ta and Ru influence on mixed metal oxide electrodes for photoelectrochemical generation of persulfate: Impact on sulfamethoxazole degradation.

The presence of persulfate (SO) in decontamination processes favors the oxidation of organic pollutants due to its strong oxidation power. In this research we study the photoelectrochemical generation of persulfate using five mixed metal oxides electrodes (MMO) with different compositions and its effect on the degradation of sulfamethoxazole antibiotic (SMX) by photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) and electro-oxidation (EO). By PEC, all anodes generated a higher concentration of SO than those not exposed to light.

Mitochondrial variants of complex I genes associated with leprosy clinical subtypes.

Leprosy is a chronic bacterial infection mainly caused by Mycobacterium leprae that primarily affects skin and peripheral nerves. Due to its ability to absorb carbon from the host cell, the bacillus became dependent on energy production, mainly through oxidative phosphorylation. In fact, variations in genes of Complex I of oxidative phosphorylation encoded by mtDNA have been associated with several diseases in humans, including bacterial infections, which are possible influencers in the host response to leprosy.

Animal Welfare Assessment and Meat Quality through Assessment of Stress Biomarkers in Fattening Pigs with and without Visible Damage during Slaughter.

The study aimed to investigate the physiological and meat quality differences between Non-Ambulatory, Non-Injured (NANI), and without apparent abnormalities (non-NANI) pigs in a commercial slaughterhouse setting, focusing on the impact of stress and health conditions on the overall well-being and meat quality of the animals. A total of 241 surgically castrated crossbred male pigs from Southern Brazil were analyzed, with 131 non-NANI pigs and 110 NANI pigs. Infrared orbital temperature, rectal temperature, hematological parameters, and meat quality measurements were collected.

Enhancing Weaned Piglet Health and Performance: The Role of Autolyzed Yeast () and β-Glucans as a Blood Plasma Alternative in Diets.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of the autolyzed yeast (AY) with or without an immunomodulator (1,3/1,6 β-glucans) as a total/partial substitute for blood plasma (BP) in the diet of post-weaning piglets; zootechnical performance, intestinal health and microbiota, immune responses and energy metabolism were assessed. A total of 240 castrated male and female piglets, with a mean age of 22 days and mean initial weight of 5.24 ± 0.

Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) inhibitor development: A 10-year chemical perspective.

Bacterial cell wall formation is essential for cellular survival and morphogenesis. The peptidoglycan (PG), a heteropolymer that surrounds the bacterial membrane, is a key component of the cell wall, and its multistep biosynthetic process is an attractive antibacterial development target. Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are responsible for cross-linking PG stem peptides, and their central role in bacterial cell wall synthesis has made them the target of successful antibiotics, including β-lactams, that have been used worldwide for decades.

β-Glucans (1,3): Enriching Colostrum of Sow for Enhanced Piglet Immunity.

The effects of supplementing the diet of sows with βG-(1,3) derived from algae were assessed regarding quality and amount of colostrum as well as performance of piglets. A total of 120 sows (first (nulliparous) to sixth parity (multiparous)) from D85 of gestation until weaning were divided into two groups: the control diet group (n = 60) and the βG-(1,3) diet group (n = 60). Sows receiving βG-(1,3) exhibited an average increase of 870 g (24.

Investigation of Genetic Factors and Clinical Data in Breast Cancer Highlights the Importance of Breastfeeding and Cancer History.

Breast cancer (BC) is the type of neoplasm that most affects women worldwide. It is known that one of the hallmarks of cancer is the resistance to cell death with the evasion of apoptosis. Considering the relevance of , , and genes for the occurrence of the intrinsic apoptosis, this study investigated the distribution of the genetic variants rs17880560 (), rs11269260 (), rs4647655 (), rs4645982, and rs61079693 (), as well as genetic ancestry and clinical data, in a BC cohort from the Brazilian Amazon that other variants in these genes might play a role in this process.

Association of apoptosis-related variants to malaria infection and parasite density in individuals from the Brazilian Amazon.

Background: In malaria infection, apoptosis acts as an important immunomodulatory mechanism that leads to the elimination of parasitized cells, thus reducing the parasite density and controlling immune cell populations. Here, it was investigated the association of INDEL variants in apoptotic genes-rs10562972 (FAS), rs4197 (FADD), rs3834129 and rs59308963 (CASP8), rs61079693 (CASP9), rs4647655 (CASP3), rs11269260 (BCL-2), and rs17880560 (TP53)-and the influence of genetic ancestry with susceptibility to malaria and parasite density in an admixed population from the Brazilian Amazon.

Methods: Total DNA was extracted from 126 malaria patients and 101 uninfected individuals for investigation of genetic ancestries and genotypic distribution of apoptosis-related variants by Multiplex PCR.

Transmission dynamics of variants in the Brazilian state of Pará.

Introduction: After three years since the beginning of the pandemic, the new coronavirus continues to raise several questions regarding its infectious process and host response. Several mutations occurred in different regions of the genome, such as in the spike gene, causing the emergence of variants of concern and interest (VOCs and VOIs), of which some present higher transmissibility and virulence, especially among patients with previous comorbidities. It is essential to understand its spread dynamics to prevent and control new biological threats that may occur in the future.

Risk factors for death and illness severity in vaccinated versus unvaccinated COVID-2019 inpatients: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine the clinical profile of COVID-19 inpatients who were vaccinated prior to hospitalization and to compare the risk factors for death and the 28-day survival rate of between those inpatients vaccinated with one, two, or three doses and unvaccinated COVID-19 inpatients.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study involving COVID-19 patients admitted to a referral hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, between July of 2020 and June of 2022.

Results: The sample comprised 1,921 inpatients, 996 of whom (50.

Capsaicin and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Glycoside: Effects on the Reproductive Performance of Hyper-Prolific Sows.

This study evaluated the effect of a natural source of vitamin D [1,25-(OH)D] and capsaicin (CAP) in the dietary supplementation of sows in the final phase (85-114 days) of gestation (Gest) and lactation (Lact) on the reproductive performance of the sows and health of piglets through two experiments (Exp I and II). In Exp I, 120 sows were subjected to four treatments: T1-control (without [1,25-(OH)D] and supplemental CAP); T2-3.5 µg 1,25-(OH)D/Gest/day and 7.

Investigation of Mutations in Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease Treatment.

Mitophagy is an important process that participates in mitochondrial quality control. Dysfunctions in this process can be caused by mutations in genes like and are associated with the development and progression of Parkinson's Disease (PD). The most used drug in the treatment of PD is levodopa (LD), but it can cause adverse effects, such as dyskinesia.

Emergency cesarean section in dogs: Usefulness of amniotic fluid biochemical parameters and placental morphology as indicators of neonatal viability.

In recent years, special attention has been paid to the analysis of fetal fluids and placental histopathology to identify parameters that can be used as indicators of maternal reproductive quality, embryonic viability, and fetal and neonatal health. Newborn health reflects the functioning of the fetal adnexa and its relationship with maternal tissues. Therefore, evaluating these components is promising for the early detection of newborns at risk.