Valorization of apple pomace: Structural and rheological characterization of low-Methoxyl Pectins extracted with green agents of citric acid/sodium citrate.

Traditional production of low-methoxyl pectin (LMP) is labor-intensive and environmentally harmful. This study explores using citric acid/sodium citrate as a green extractant for valorizing LMPs from apple pomace. Two types of pectin, AP-5 and AP-8, were extracted at pH 5.

Starch modification by low-dose electron beam irradiation: A comprehensive study between buckwheat starch, potato starch and pea starch.

Electron Beam Irradiation (EBI) is an emerging technique for food decontamination and starch modification, but a comprehensive evaluation at safe doses (<10 kGy) for different starch sources is lacking. This study investigated the effects of low-dose EBI (2-8 kGy) on the physicochemical properties of buckwheat starch (BS), potato starch (POS), and pea starch (PS), each with different crystalline types (A-, B-, and C-type, respectively). EBI significantly reduced moisture and amylose content, decreased pasting viscosity, and retarded retrogradation dose-dependently for all starches.

Ellagic Acid Protects against Alcohol-Related Liver Disease by Modulating the Hepatic Circadian Rhythm Signaling through the Gut Microbiota-NPAS2 Axis.

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) encompasses a spectrum of hepatic disorders resulting from alcohol abuse, which constitutes the predominant etiology of morbidity and mortality associated with hepatic pathologies globally. Excessive alcohol consumption disrupts the integrity of the intestinal barrier and perturbs the balance of gut microbiota, thereby facilitating the progression of ALD. Ellagic acid (EA) has been extensively reported to be an effective intervention for alleviating liver symptoms.

Ellagic acid ameliorates alcohol-induced cognitive and social dysfunction through the gut microbiota-mediated CCL21-CCR7 axis.

Chronic alcohol consumption disrupts the balance of the gut microbiome, resulting in alcohol-induced cognitive and social dysfunction (AICSD), and serves as a primary etiological factor for early-onset dementia. Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenolic compound belonging to the ellagitannin family, showing potential as a dietary intervention for alleviating cognitive impairments. Nonetheless, the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of EA on AICSD remain unclear.

Metabolomic analysis, extraction, purification and stability of the anthocyanins from colored potatoes.

Colored potatoes have many health benefits because they are rich in anthocyanins. However, the constituent and property of anthocyanins in colored potatoes have not been systematically studied yet. Herein, metabolomic analysis was carried out to investigate the chemical composition of anthocyanins in the four different colored potatoes.

Preparation of starch-palmitic acid complexes by three different starches: A comparative study using the method of heating treatment and autoclaving treatment.

Recent research emphasizes the growing importance of starch-lipid complexes due to their anti-digestibility ability, prompting a need to explore the impact of different starch sources and preparation methods on their properties. In this study, starch-palmitic acid (PA) complexes were prepared by three different starches including Tartary buckwheat starch (TBS), potato starch (PTS), and pea starch (PS) by heating treatment (HT) and autoclaving treatment (AT), respectively, and their physicochemical property and in vitro digestibility were systematically compared. The formation of the starch-PA complex was confirmed through various characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction.

Inhibition mechanism of α-glucosidase inhibitors screened from Tartary buckwheat and synergistic effect with acarbose.

Tartary buckwheat has been shown to provide a good antihyperglycemic effect. However, it is unclear which active compounds play a key role in attenuating postprandial hyperglycemia. Presently, acetone extract from the hull of Tartary buckwheat had the best effect for α-glucosidase inhibition (IC = 0.

Changes in Pancreatic Senescence Mediate Pancreatic Diseases.

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in age-related diseases due to the improvement in life expectancy worldwide. The pancreas undergoes various morphological and pathological changes with aging, such as pancreatic atrophy, fatty degeneration, fibrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and exocrine pancreatic metaplasia. Meanwhile, these may predispose the individuals to aging-related diseases, such as diabetes, dyspepsia, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and pancreatitis, as the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas are significantly affected by aging.

Electron beam irradiation pretreatment enhances the formation of granular starch-phenolics complexes.

Starch-phenolics complex generated by the interaction between starch and phenolic acids had improved characteristics than the native starch, but the efficient preparation of such complex is still challenging. In this study, we proposed a new method for the preparation of starch-phenolics complexes under the pretreatment of electron beam irradiation (EBI). Four structurally similar monomeric phenolic acids including gallic acid (GA), 3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid (3MGA), syringic acid (SA) and vanillic acid (VA), which naturally existed in Tartary buckwheat (TB) seeds, were complexed with native and EBI-pretreated TB starch.

Nanocellulose Prepared from Buckwheat Bran: Physicochemical Characterization, Cytotoxicity Evaluation, and Inhibition Effect on Fat Digestion and Absorption.

Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) is a sustainable biomaterial that has been used in many aspects of the food industry, but its effect on fat digestion and absorption is still underexplored. In this study, three CNCs were prepared from buckwheat bran. Their physicochemical properties were characterized, based on which the acetic acid-hydrolyzed CNC (ACCNC) with high absorption capacity was selected for the cytotoxicity evaluation and as a possible inhibitor for fat digestion and absorption in vitro and in vivo.

The Potential Roles of Dietary Anthocyanins in Inhibiting Vascular Endothelial Cell Senescence and Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increasingly more evidence has shown that the senescence of vascular endothelial cells is the key to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. Anthocyanin is a type of water-soluble polyphenol pigment and secondary metabolite of plant-based food widely existing in fruits and vegetables.

Ameliorative Effects of Gut Microbial Metabolite Urolithin A on Pancreatic Diseases.

Urolithin A (Uro A) is a dietary metabolite of the intestinal microbiota following the ingestion of plant-based food ingredients ellagitannins and ellagic acid in mammals. Accumulating studies have reported its multiple potential health benefits in a broad range of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, cognitive impairment, and diabetes. In particular, Uro A is safe via direct oral administration and is non-genotoxic.

Encapsulation of Lactobacillus in Low-Methoxyl Pectin-Based Microcapsules Stimulates Biofilm Formation: Enhanced Resistances to Heat Shock and Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion.

Encapsulation is a common approach to improve the bacterial survival of probiotics. In this study, two new low-methoxyl pectins (CMP-6 and CMP-8) were used as coating materials to produce microcapsules (MCs) for the encapsulation of LMG9433, LMG6904, and LMG25859. A fermentation test showed that encapsulation did not influence the fermentation ability of lactobacilli.

Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction of Phloridzin from Malus Micromalus Makino with Ethanol/Ammonia Sulfate System.

Application of an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) coupled with ultrasonic technology for the extraction of phloridzin from Malus micromalus Makino was evaluated and optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The ethanol/ammonium sulfate ATPS was selected for detailed investigation, including the phase diagram, effect of phase composition and extract conditions on the partition of phloridzin, and the recycling of ammonium sulfate. In addition, the evaluation of extraction efficiency and the identification of phloridzin were investigated.