Pre-treatment with notoginsenoside R1 from Panax notoginseng protects against high-altitude-induced pulmonary edema by inhibiting pyroptosis through the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.

High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a potentially fatal condition that occurs when exposed to high-altitude hypoxia environments. Currently, there is no effective treatment for HAPE, and available interventions focus on providing relief. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a major active constituent of Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.

Preconditioning with Ginsenoside Rg3 mitigates cardiac injury induced by high-altitude hypobaric hypoxia exposure in mice by suppressing ferroptosis through inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ginseng has historically been utilized as a conventional herbal remedy and dietary supplement to enhance physical stamina and alleviate fatigue. The primary active component of Ginseng, Ginsenoside Rg3 (GS-Rg3), possesses diverse pharmacological properties including immune modulation and anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, GS-Rg3 has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating tissue and organ damage associated with metabolic disorders such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia.

Eleutheroside B Pretreatment Attenuates Hypobaric Hypoxia-Induced High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema by Regulating Autophagic Flux via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway.

High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a life-threatening disease, and autophagy deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis of HAPE. Eleutheroside B (EB), which is the main bioactive component of Acanthopanax senticosus, exhibits various pharmacological activities. Our previous research demonstrated that autophagic structures were widely found in the ultrastructure of lung tissue in HAPE rats.

Influences of lauric acid addition on performance, nutrient digestibility and proteins related to mammary gland development in dairy cows.

Lauric acid (LA) has the possibility to improve milk production in dairy cows by improving mammary gland development, however, the mechanism by which it might regulate mammary gland development is unclear. The influence of LA on milk production, nutrient digestibility and the expression of proteins related to mammary gland development in dairy cows were evaluated. Forty primiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided into 4 groups in a randomized block design.

Co-immobilization of a bi-enzymatic cascade into hierarchically porous MIL-53 for efficient 6'-sialyllactose production.

6'-Sialyllactose (6'-SL), the most abundant sialylated human milk oligosaccharide, has attracted attention for its potential application in supplementary infant formulas. Herein, we report a facile strategy to construct a cascade bioreactor for the enzymatic synthesis of 6'-SL by co-immobilizing an enzymatic module consisting of CMP-sialic acid synthase and α-2,6-sialyltransferase into hierarchically porous MIL-53 (HP-MIL-53). The as-prepared HP-MIL-53 showed high enzyme immobilization capacity, reaching 226 mg g.

Automated chemoenzymatic modular synthesis of human milk oligosaccharides on a digital microfluidic platform.

Glycans, along with proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, constitute the four fundamental classes of biomacromolecules found in living organisms. Generally, glycans are attached to proteins or lipids to form glycoconjugates that perform critical roles in various biological processes. Automatic synthesis of glycans is essential for investigation into structure-function relationships of glycans.

Notoginsenoside R1 treatment facilitated Nrf2 nuclear translocation to suppress ferroptosis via Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway to alleviated high-altitude myocardial injury.

High-altitude myocardial injury (HAMI) represents a critical form of altitude illness for which effective drug therapies are generally lacking. Notoginsenoside R1, a prominent constituent derived from Panax notoginseng, has demonstrated various cardioprotective properties in models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, cardiac fibrosis, and myocardial injury. The potential utility of notoginsenoside R1 in the management of HAMI warrants prompt investigation.

Characterization and application of active human α2,6-sialyltransferases ST6GalNAc V and ST6GalNAc VI recombined in Escherichia coli.

Eukaryotic sialyltransferases play key roles in many physiological and pathological events. The expression of active human recombinant sialyltransferases in bacteria is still challenging. In the current study, the genes encoding human N-acetylgalactosaminide α2,6-sialyltransferase V (hST6GalNAc V) and N-acetylgalactosaminide α2,6-sialyltransferase VI (hST6GalNAc VI) lacking the N-terminal transmembrane domains were cloned into the expression vectors, pET-32a and pET-22b, respectively.

The dynamics of B-cell reconstitution post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A real-world study.

Background: The immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is crucial for preventing infections and relapse and enhancing graft-versus-tumor effects. B cells play an important role in humoral immunity and immune regulation, but their reconstitution after allo-HSCT has not been well studied.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed the dynamics of B cells in 252 patients who underwent allo-HSCT for 2 years and assessed the impact of factors on B-cell reconstitution and their correlations with survival outcomes, as well as the development stages of B cells in the bone marrow and the subsets in the peripheral blood.

Role of intestinal flora in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children.

In China, 45% of adolescents with obesity develop fatty liver disease, a condition that increases the long-term risk of developing cirrhosis and liver cancer. Although the factors triggering nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) vary in children, the composition of intestinal microflora has been found to play an increasingly important role. However, evidence is limited on the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in Chinese children.

Effects of nanoselenium supplementation on lactation performance, nutrient digestion and mammary gland development in dairy cows.

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the influence of nanoselenium (NANO-Se) addition on milk production, milk fatty acid synthesis, the development and metabolism regulation of mammary gland in dairy cows. Forty-eight Holstein dairy cows averaging 720 ± 16.8 kg of body weight, 66.

Dietary supplementation of sodium butyrate enhances lactation performance by promoting nutrient digestion and mammary gland development in dairy cows.

This experiment was to evaluate the influence of sodium butyrate (SB) addition on milk production, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestion, and the development and metabolism regulation of the mammary gland in dairy cows. Forty Holstein dairy cows averaging 710 ± 18.5 kg body weight, 72.

Protective effects of Eleutheroside E against high-altitude pulmonary edema by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis.

Eleutheroside E (EE) is a primary active component of Acanthopanax senticosus, which has been reported to inhibit the expression of inflammatory genes, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a severe complication of high-altitude exposure occurring after ascent above 2500 m. However, effective and safe preventative measures for HAPE still need to be improved.

Notoginsenoside R1 protects against hypobaric hypoxia-induced high-altitude pulmonary edema by inhibiting apoptosis via ERK1/2-P90rsk-BAD ignaling pathway.

High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a potentially fatal disease. Notoginsenoside R1 is a novel phytoestrogen with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptosis properties. However, its effects and underlying mechanisms in the protection of hypobaric hypoxia-induced HAPE rats remains unclear.

Alteromonas Aquimaris sp. nov., Isolated from Surface Seawater.

A Gram-negative, aerobic, motile by flagellum, and rod-shaped bacterium, designated ASW11-7, was isolated from coastal surface seawater sample collected from the Yellow Sea, PR China. Strain ASW11-7 grew optimally at 37℃, 4.0% (w/v) NaCl and pH 7.

Alteromonas salexigens sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater.

A Gram-negative, aerobic, short rod-shaped bacterium, designated ASW11-19, was isolated from a coastal seawater sample of the Yellow Sea, PR China. Strain ASW11-19 grew optimally at 37 °C, 3.0-5.

Milk Yields and Milk Fat Composition Promoted by Pantothenate and Thiamine via Stimulating Nutrient Digestion and Fatty Acid Synthesis in Dairy Cows.

Considering the synergistic effect of pantothenate and thiamine on the regulation of energy metabolism, this study investigated the influences of coated calcium pantothenate (CCP) and coated thiamine (CT) on milk production and composition, nutrients digestion, and expressions of genes involved in fatty acids synthesis in mammary glands. Forty-four multiparous Chinese Holstein cows (2.8 ± 0.

Effects of dietary folic acid supplementation on lactation performance and mammary epithelial cell development of dairy cows and its regulatory mechanism.

The experiment investigated the impacts of FA on the proliferation of bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (BMECs) and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Supplementation of 10 µM FA elevated the mRNA expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin A2 and cyclin D1, and protein expression of PCNA and Cyclin A1. The mRNA and protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 () and the to BCL2 associated X 4 () ratio elevated, while that of , Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 reduced by FA.

Eleutheroside E from pre-treatment of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr.etMaxim.) Harms ameliorates high-altitude-induced heart injury by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway.

Eleutheroside E, a major natural bioactive compound in Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr.etMaxim.) Harms, possesses anti-oxidative, anti-fatigue, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and immunoregulatory effects.

Pretreatment with Notoginsenoside R1 attenuates high-altitude hypoxia-induced cardiac injury via activation of the ERK1/2-P90RSK-Bad signaling pathway in rats.

High-altitude cardiac injury (HACI) is one of the common tissue injuries caused by high-altitude hypoxia that may be life threatening. Notoginsenoside R1 (NG-R1), a major saponin of Panax notoginseng, exerts anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects, protecting the myocardium from hypoxic injury. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and molecular mechanism of NG-R1 against HACI.

Rosavidin protects against PM2.5-induced lung toxicity via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) contributes to adverse health effects through the promotion of inflammatory cytokine release. Rosavidin (Ro), a phenylpropanoid compound having multiple biological activities, is extracted from Rhodiola crenulata, a medicine and food homology plant.

Salidroside pretreatment alleviates PM caused lung injury via inhibition of apoptosis and pyroptosis through regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome.

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM) is considered a leading cause of pathogenic particulate matter induced lung injury. And Salidroside (Sal), the major bioactive constituent isolated from Rhodiola rosea L., has been shown to ameliorate lung injury in various conditions.