Publications by authors named "CaiHong Zeng"
Aims: Light chain proximal tubulopathy (LCPT) is a rare complication of paraprotein-related diseases. We report a case series to present the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of LCPT.
Methods: A multicentre retrospective case series of 47 patients with LCPT, consisting of 36 crystalline, three non-crystalline, and eight mixed LCPTs, was studied between January 2007 and December 2023.
Article Synopsis
- - Podocyte injury is a key factor in developing diabetic nephropathy, influenced by high blood sugar, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
- - The protein SIRPα is crucial for maintaining the health of podocytes; its deletion worsens damage while overexpression helps protect against injury in experimental models.
- - SIRPα regulates processes involving pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) that lead to oxidative stress and impaired cell metabolism; a compound called shikonin can reduce this damage by blocking harmful PKM2 activity and restoring normal metabolism.
Article Synopsis
- - The study evaluated the effectiveness of the ANCA Renal Risk Score in predicting end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) among Chinese patients with myeloperoxidase-ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis, finding it to perform better than Berden classes.
- - A total of 340 patients were analyzed, with those experiencing oliguria (low urine output) showing significantly worse kidney function and a much higher rate of progression to ESKD compared to non-oliguric patients.
- - Oliguria was identified as an independent risk factor for ESKD, leading to the development of an enhanced ANCA Renal Risk Score (ANCA Renal Risk Score-U) that incorporates oliguria, allowing for
SIRPα modulates the podocyte cytoskeleton through influencing the phosphorylation of FAK at tyrosine residue 597.
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai)
November 2024
Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) is recognized as a significant transmembrane protein within the glomeruli that is specifically localized in podocytes, where it plays a role in modulating downstream signaling pathways through phosphorylation. Upon tyrosine phosphorylation of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) within SIRPα, protein tyrosine phosphatases are recruited to facilitate the dephosphorylation of downstream signals. Nevertheless, the specific downstream signaling pathways affected by this mechanism have yet to be elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Intracapillary monoclonal IgM deposits disease (ICMDD) has long been considered a hallmark of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) nephropathy. Intracapillary immunoglobulin thrombi are the characteristic features of cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. Here, we reported 4 cases of ICMDD with massive pseudothrombi but without WM or cryoglobulinemia.
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- Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an immune-related kidney disease that can cause significant protein loss in urine and lead to complications like Fanconi syndrome, which is characterized by renal glycosuria.
- A study reviewed 50 patients with PLA2R-related MN and renal glycosuria, finding it had a prevalence of 2.3% and was associated with worse kidney function and more severe pathology compared to those without renal glycosuria.
- Treatment with rituximab showed promising results, with two-thirds of patients maintaining proteinuria remission and most achieving remission of urine glucose, highlighting the need for careful management of nephrotoxic drugs in these patients.
Article Synopsis
- * The study analyzed data from 168 patients with IMN and compared them to 36 patients with minimal change disease; results showed that those with positive PLA2R staining had lower coagulation times and higher coagulation indices.
- * Findings indicate that anti-PLA2R antibodies may contribute to hypercoagulability in IMN patients by affecting blood clotting factors like fibrinogen, thus providing
Article Synopsis
- Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a serious kidney condition leading to glomerulonephritis and is associated with damage to tubular structures, characterized by increased levels of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and its receptor integrin β3 (ITGB3).
- In FSGS patients, higher TSP-1 and ITGB3 expressions were linked with more severe tubulointerstitial injury, and experimental models showed that manipulating TSP-1 levels affected renal injury and fibrosis.
- The study suggests that targeting TSP-1/ITGB3 signaling could be a promising new therapeutic approach for treating renal injuries associated with FSG
Background: Patients with lupus podocytopathy show a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and relapse, but the risk factors and mechanisms were unclear. This study analysed the clinicopathological features and risk factors for AKI and relapse in lupus podocytopathy patients.
Methods: The cohort of lupus podocytopathy was generated by screening the biopsies of patients with lupus nephritis (LN) from 2002 to 2022 and was divided into the mild glomerular lesion (MGL) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) groups based on glomerular morphological characteristics.
Article Synopsis
- Light and heavy chain deposition disease (LHCDD) is a rare condition characterized by the abnormal deposition of immunoglobulins, and this study aims to shed light on its clinical features and patient outcomes.
- The study involved 13 patients diagnosed with LHCDD between 2008 and 2022, revealing common symptoms like hypertension, anemia, and significant proteinuria, with 84.6% showing monoclonal Ig in their serum.
- Most patients received chemotherapy, with some showing a hematologic response and one patient dying or progressing to kidney failure, highlighting the serious nature of the disease despite treatment efforts.
Article Synopsis
- A dynamic deep learning model has been developed to predict kidney outcomes in patients with IgA nephropathy, using comprehensive longitudinal data to enhance accuracy and interpretability.
- Previous studies lacked the effective use of longitudinal data, limiting their ability to accurately reflect the chronic nature of IgA nephropathy.
- In a study of 2056 patients, the new model demonstrated improved predictive performance, achieving a C-statistic of 0.93—significantly higher than 0.84 from earlier models that relied solely on baseline information.
Article Synopsis
- Glomerular lesions are key indicators in diabetic nephropathy, but current manual methods for quantifying these features are inefficient and time-consuming.
- A convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed to automate the identification and classification of glomerular features in diabetic nephropathy patients, showing strong performance in distinguishing various lesions.
- The CNN model's classifications correlated well with those of pathologists and demonstrated similar effectiveness in predicting renal function, indicating its potential to improve diagnostic efficiency in clinical settings.
Article Synopsis
- - The study developed an interpretable deep learning model to predict lupus nephritis (LN) relapse using multivariable time-series data from 1694 patients at a Chinese hospital, analyzing factors such as demographics, clinical features, and treatment history.
- - Utilizing a long short-term memory (LSTM) approach with a mixture attention mechanism, the model identified how certain variables (like urinary protein and serum albumin) influenced relapse risk over time, achieving a high performance with a C-index of 0.897.
- - Results suggest that deep learning can enhance predictions of LN relapse by effectively capturing the evolving nature of relevant clinical variables, emphasizing the importance of time in health care analytics.
Background: The analytical renal pathology system (ARPS) based on convolutional neural networks has been used successfully in native IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients. Considering the similarity of pathologic features, we aim to evaluate the performance of the ARPS in allograft IgAN patients and broaden its implementation.
Methods: Biopsy-proven allograft IgAN patients from two different centers were enrolled for internal and external validation.
Background: Nephritis is a common manifestation of IgA vasculitis and is morphologically indistinguishable from IgA nephropathy. While MEST-C scores are predictive of kidney outcomes in IgA nephropathy, their value in IgA vasculitis nephritis has not been investigated in large multiethnic cohorts.
Methods: Biopsies from 262 children and 99 adults with IgA vasculitis nephritis ( N =361) from 23 centers in North America, Europe, and Asia were independently scored by three pathologists.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inhibits abdominal fat accumulation by promoting adipocyte apoptosis through PPARγ-LC3-BNIP3 pathway-mediated mitophagy.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids
January 2024
Obesity has always been an overwhelming health concern worldwide. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduces abdominal fat accumulation by inducing adipocyte apoptosis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Mitophagy, the process of maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, has a double-edged sword effect that positively or negatively regulates apoptosis.
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- Atypical C3-PIGN is characterized by C3-dominant glomerular deposition, hypocomplementemia, and gene mutations related to the complement pathway, with patients showing signs like hematuria and proteinuria.
- The study assessed six atypical C3-PIGN patients, all ASO-positive, and identified mutations in several complement-related genes without any presence of complement-related antibodies.
- Findings indicate that while prognosis is generally good, recovery can take longer, emphasizing the need for closer medical attention and potentially faster recovery through glucocorticoid therapy.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious disease with high morbidity and mortality, and its pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Increasing evidence suggests an important role of ferroptosis in AKI. Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) is a transcription factor involved in several metabolic diseases, but its role in AKI and ferroptosis remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To explore the clinical and pathological features of light chain only variant of proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMID-LC).
Methods: From January 2010 to December 2022, patients who were diagnosed with PGNMID-LC were selected, and their clinical and pathological features were retrospectively analysed.
Results: Three males aged 42-61 years old were enrolled.
Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a group of highly heterogeneous, complicated clinical syndromes. Although kidney biopsy plays an irreplaceable role in evaluating complex AKI, a few studies have focused on the clinicopathology of AKI biopsies. This study analyzed the pathological disease spectrum, causes, and renal outcomes of biopsied AKI patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlport syndrome (AS) is an inherited glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). X-linked AS (XLAS) is caused by pathogenic variants in the gene. Many pathogenic variants causing AS have been detected, but the genetic modifications and pathological alterations leading to ESRD have not been fully characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRenal tubular atrophy is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. The cause of tubular atrophy, however, remains elusive. Here we report that reduction of renal tubular cell polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPT1) causes renal tubular translation arrest and atrophy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) plus dexamethasone are effective for plasma cell dyscrasias, but the treatment efficacy of IMiD in proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMID) has been rarely reported.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic data of 64 patients with PGNMID (steroid, IMiD, and bortezomib and dexamethasone/Rituximab [BD/RTX] groups) from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020, at the National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease in Nanjing. The prognosis of patients receiving different treatment regimens were compared.
Introduction: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a common chronic kidney disease in adults and a major challenge of clinical practice for its treatment. Despite major advances, since the discovery of the phospholipase A2 receptor as the major autoantigen of podocytes in MN, the mechanisms leading to glomerular damage remain elusive. Pyroptosis, a newly discovered type of programed necrotic cell death mainly mediated by gasdermin, was found to be responsible for podocyte injury in MN in our recent work.
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