Chromosome-scale genome assembly of bread wheat's wild relative Triticum timopheevii.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the most important food crops with an urgent need for increase in its production to feed the growing world. Triticum timopheevii (2n = 4x = 28) is an allotetraploid wheat wild relative species containing the A and G genomes that has been exploited in many pre-breeding programmes for wheat improvement. In this study, we report the generation of a chromosome-scale reference genome assembly of T.

Palladium/Norbornene Cooperative-Catalyzed Cascade Decarboxylative Cyclization of 4-Iodoisoquinolin-1(2)-ones with -Bromobenzoic Acids: Access to Diverse Fused Phenanthridinones and Hepta[1,2-]isoquinolinones.

A novel three-component Pd/norbornene cooperative catalysis cascade decarboxylative [2+2+2]/[2+2+3]cyclization of 4-iodoisoquinolin-1(2)-ones and -bromobenzoic acids or 8-bromo-1-naphthoic acid has been developed. The method affords a range of fused phenanthridinones and hepta[1,2-]isoquinolinones and displays unique regioselectivity and broad substrate scope. Palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE)-catalyzed C-H activation and subsequent decarboxylative coupling reactions were involved, and NBE acts as a building block for the construction of rigid nonplanar molecular architectures.

Identification of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Accessions and Characterization of Wheat- Introgression Lines for Enhanced Resistance.

A diverse panel of wheat wild relative species was screened for resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) by spray inoculation. The great majority of species and accessions were susceptible or highly susceptible to FHB. Accessions of (P95-99.

Assessing the Potential of Using the Langdon 5D(5B) Substitution Line for the Introgression of Into Durum Wheat.

, the D-genome donor of hexaploid wheat, provides a source of genetic variation that could be used for tetraploid (durum) wheat improvement. In addition to the genes for wheat quality on the D-genome, which differentiate between bread and durum wheats in terms of end-use properties, genes coding for resistances to biotic and abiotic stresses are also present on the D-genome which would be useful in durum wheat. The introgression of into durum wheat, however, requires cytogenetic manipulation to induce homoeologous chromosome pairing to promote recombination.

Introgression of the Genome Into Wheat Detected by Chromosome-Specific Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR Markers.

(2 = 28, A A GG) is a tetraploid wild relative species with great potential to increase the genetic diversity of hexaploid wheat (2 = 42, AABBDD) for various important agronomic traits. A breeding scheme that propagated advanced backcrossed populations of wheat- introgression lines through further backcrossing and self-fertilisation resulted in the generation of 99 introgression lines (ILs) that carried 309 homozygous segments from the A and G subgenomes of . These introgressions contained 89 and 74 unique segments from the A and G subgenomes, respectively.

Chromosome-specific KASP markers for detecting Amblyopyrum muticum segments in wheat introgression lines.

Many wild-relative species are being used in prebreeding programs to increase the genetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Genotyping tools such as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based arrays and molecular markers have been widely used to characterize wheat-wild relative introgression lines.

Generation of Doubled Haploid Wheat- Introgression Lines and Their Characterisation Using Chromosome-Specific KASP Markers.

Wheat is one of the most important food and protein sources in the world and although, in recent years wheat breeders have achieved yield gains, they are not sufficient to meet the demands of an ever-growing population. Development of high yielding wheat varieties, resilient to abiotic and biotic stress resulting from climate change, has been limited by wheat's narrow genetic base. In contrast to wheat, the wild relatives of wheat provide a vast reservoir of genetic variation for most, if not all, agronomic traits.

The role of gene flow and chromosomal instability in shaping the bread wheat genome.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the world's most important crops; however, a low level of genetic diversity within commercial breeding accessions can significantly limit breeding potential. In contrast, wheat relatives exhibit considerable genetic variation and so potentially provide a valuable source of novel alleles for use in breeding new cultivars. Historically, gene flow between wheat and its relatives may have contributed novel alleles to the bread wheat pangenome.

Development of Wheat- Introgression Lines and Their Characterization Using Genome-Specific KASP Markers.

L. [syn. (Greuter) Hammer], is a diploid wild relative of wheat (2n = 2x = 14, CC) and a valuable source for new genetic diversity for wheat improvement.

Exploiting the genome of Thinopyrum elongatum to expand the gene pool of hexaploid wheat.

One hundred and thirty four introgressions from Thinopyrum elongatum have been transferred into a wheat background and were characterised using 263 SNP markers. Species within the genus Thinopyrum have been shown to carry genetic variation for a very wide range of traits including biotic and abiotic stresses and quality. Research has shown that one of the species within this genus, Th.

Development and characterisation of interspecific hybrid lines with genome-wide introgressions from Triticum timopheevii in a hexaploid wheat background.

Background: Triticum timopheevii (2n = 4x = 28; AAGG), is an important source for new genetic variation for wheat improvement with genes for potential disease resistance and salt tolerance. By generating a range of interspecific hybrid lines, T. timopheevii can contribute to wheat's narrow gene-pool and be practically utilised in wheat breeding programmes.

Development of Stable Homozygous Wheat/ () Introgression Lines and Their Cytogenetic and Molecular Characterization.

Wheat is one of the world's most important sources of food. However, due to its evolution its genetic base has narrowed, which is severely limiting the ability of breeders to develop new higher yielding varieties that can adapt to the changing environment. In contrast to wheat, its wild relatives provide a vast reservoir of genetic variability for most, if not all, agronomically important traits.

Introgression of Aegilops speltoides segments in Triticum aestivum and the effect of the gametocidal genes.

Background And Aims: Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) has been through a severe genetic bottleneck as a result of its evolution and domestication. It is therefore essential that new sources of genetic variation are generated and utilized. This study aimed to generate genome-wide introgressed segments from Aegilops speltoides.

Wheat Landrace Genome Diversity.

Understanding the genomic complexity of bread wheat ( L.) is a cornerstone in the quest to unravel the processes of domestication and the following adaptation of domesticated wheat to a wide variety of environments across the globe. Additionally, it is of importance for future improvement of the crop, particularly in the light of climate change.

A step change in the transfer of interspecific variation into wheat from Amblyopyrum muticum.

Despite some notable successes, only a fraction of the genetic variation available in wild relatives has been utilized to produce superior wheat varieties. This is as a direct result of the lack of availability of suitable high-throughput technologies to detect wheat/wild relative introgressions when they occur. Here, we report on the use of a new SNP array to detect wheat/wild relative introgressions in backcross progenies derived from interspecific hexaploid wheat/Ambylopyrum muticum F hybrids.

Generation of amphidiploids from hybrids of wheat and related species from the genera Aegilops, Secale, Thinopyrum, and Triticum as a source of genetic variation for wheat improvement.

We aim to improve diversity of domesticated wheat by transferring genetic variation for important target traits from related wild and cultivated grass species. The present study describes the development of F1 hybrids between wheat and related species from the genera Aegilops, Secale, Thinopyrum, and Triticum and production of new amphidiploids. Amphidiploid lines were produced from 20 different distant relatives.

Screening of PAH-degrading bacteria in a mangrove swamp using PCR-RFLP.

There are abundant PAH-degrading bacteria in mangrove sediments, and it is very important to screen the high efficiency degraders in order to perform bioremediation of PAH polluted environments. In order to obtain the more highly efficient PAH-degrading bacteria from a mangrove swamp, we first obtained 62 strains of PAH-degrading bacteria using traditional culture methods and based on their morphological characteristics. We then used the modern molecular biological technology of PCR-RFLP, in which the 16S rDNA of these strains were digested by different enzymes.

[Exploration of the pathogenesis and the management of hypernatremia in burn patients].

Objective: To explore the pathogenesis and the management of hypernatremia in burn patients.

Methods: Twenty eight burn patients with hypernatremia were enrolled in the study and were divided into infection and non-infection groups. The pathogenesis, clinical features, biochemical indices in blood, the therapeutic results and the prognosis were compared between the two groups.