Functional screening and rational design of compounds targeting GPR132 to treat diabetes.

Chronic inflammation due to islet-residing macrophages plays key roles in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. By systematically profiling intra-islet lipid-transmembrane receptor signalling in islet-resident macrophages, we identified endogenous 9(S)-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid-G-protein-coupled receptor 132 (GPR132)-Gi signalling as a significant contributor to islet macrophage reprogramming and found that GPR132 deficiency in macrophages reversed metabolic disorders in mice fed a high-fat diet. The cryo-electron microscopy structures of GPR132 bound with two endogenous agonists, N-palmitoylglycine and 9(S)-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, enabled us to rationally design both GPR132 agonists and antagonists with high potency and selectivity through stepwise translational approaches.

[Macroscopic and microscopic identification of Ligularia przewalskii].

Objective: To provide macroscopic and microscopic identification basis for Ligularia przewalskii.

Methods: Macroscopic and microscopic identification of roots, stems and leaves of Ligularia przewalskii were carried out with the methods of paraffin section, leaves epidermal section and powder transdermal section.

Results: The microscopic characteristics included: Open collateral vascular bundles in stem were not in the same size and arranged in two rings; Lots of fiber bundles scattered in the column parts; There were two vascular bundles in principal vein of leaf; Anticlinal wall of upper epidermis cells was thickened like moniliform, lower epidermis were like waves with irregular; The type of stoma was anomocytic; Calcium oxalate acicular crystal could be seen in the powder.

A cross-sectional exploratory survey of knowledge, attitudes and daily self-reported pain assessment practice among nurses in Mainland China.

Aims And Objectives: To describe the level of knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported quality of practice in pain assessment among nurses of Mainland China and explore links with current hospital pain policy and continuing education.

Background: Knowledge is necessary for skilled pain assessment among nurses. Little is currently known regarding knowledge, attitude toward, and self reported pain assessment by nurses from Mainland China.

Genetic analysis of fruit shape traits at different maturation stages in sponge gourd.

The fruit shape is important quantitative trait closely related to the fruit quality. However, the genetic model of fruit shapes has not been proposed. Therefore, in the present study, analysis of genetic effects for fruit shape traits (fruit length and fruit perimeter) in sponge gourd was conducted by employing a developmental genetic model including fruit direct effects and maternal effects.