Gut microbiome biomarkers in adolescent obesity: a regional study.

Purpose: This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota in obese adolescents from Shenzhen (China), and evaluate influence of gender on BMI-related differences in the gut microbiome.

Methods: Evaluation of physical examination, blood pressure measurement, serological assay and body composition were conducted in 205 adolescent subjects at Shenzhen. Fecal microbiome composition was profiled via high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene.

Heilaohuacid G, a new triterpenoid from Kadsura coccinea inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and ameliorates inflammation in RA-FLS and RAW 264.7 cells via suppressing NF-𝜅B pathway.

Heilaohu, the roots of Kadsura coccinea, has been used in Tujia ethnomedicine to treat rheumatic arthritis (RA). Heilaohuacid G (1), a new 3,4-seco-lanostane type triterpenoid isolated from the ethanol extract of Heilaohu, whose structure was determined using HR-ESI-MS data, NMR spectroscopic analyses, and ECD calculations. In this study, our purpose is to elucidate the mechanisms of Heilaohuacid G in the treatment of RA by inhibited proliferation of rheumatoid arthritis-fibroblastoid synovial (RA-FLS) cells and inhibited the inflammatory reactions in LPS-induced RA-FLS and RAW 264.

Triterpenoids From With Their Anti-inflammatory and Inhibited Proliferation of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Fibroblastoid Synovial Cells Activities.

One new 3,4--17,13-friedo-lanostane triterpenoid heilaohuacid A (), one new 3,4--17,14-friedo-lanostane triterpenoid heilaohuacid B (), five new 3,4-lanostane triterpenoids heilaohuacids C-D () and heilaohumethylesters A-C (), one new 3,4--cycloartane triterpenoid heilaohuacid E (), and one new -lanostane triterpenoid heilaohuacid F (), together with twenty-two known analogues (), were isolated from heilaohu. Their structures were determined using HR-ESI-MS data, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, C NMR calculations, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Heilaohuacids A and B ( and ) contain a 3,4- ring A and unprecedented migration of Me-18 from C-13 to C-17 or C-14 to C-18.

Three new constituents from the Tujia ethnomedicine Hemsl.

Three new constituents: 1,5-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroxanthone (1), (3,4,16,17)-3,16,23-trihydroxyoleana-11,13(18)-dien-28-aldehyde-3---D-glucopyranoside (2), and new natural product ()-gentiandiol (3), along with 41 known compounds were isolated from Tujia ethnomedicine Shuihuanglian, namely, the whole plant of . Structures of all these compounds were established through extensive spectroscopic techniques, namely 1D, 2D-NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS analysis, and the absolute configuration of the new compounds was discerned by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Antioxidative effects of these compounds were evaluated by using the DPPH radical scavenging method, compounds , and showed antioxidant activities with IC values of 68.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of chemical constituents from the flower buds of .

Five new glycosides including mimenghuasu A and B (-), isolinarin (), cyclocitralosides A and B (), along with forty-seven known compounds were isolated from the flower buds of . These structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, 1 D, 2 D NMR, and MS spectra). The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on the expression of TNF- (LPS-activated RAW264.

A review of lignans from genus and their spectrum characteristics.

belongs to the Schisandroideae subfamily of Magnoliaceae. Plants from genus are widely distributed in the South and Southwest of China. The plants of the genus are widely used as folk medicine for a long time in history, with the functions of relieving pain, promoting '' circulation, activating blood resolve stasis, and applications in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and gastroenteric disorders.

Kadsura heteroclita stem ethanol extract protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Kadsura heteroclita stem (KHS) is a well-known hepatoprotective Tujia ethnomedicine (folk named Xuetong), has long been used for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis and liver diseases.

Aim Of The Study: To explore the protective effects of KHS against carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced liver injury and the underlying mechanism, particularly antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potentials.

Materials And Methods: The acute toxicity of KHS was measured by the method of maximum tolerated dose (MTD).

Triterpenoids from stems of Kadsura heteroclita.

In the present work, we reported the triterpenoids isolated from n-butanol fraction of Kadsura heteroclita which is a Tujia ethnomedicine with trivial name "Xuetong". This effort resulted in the isolation of six unpresented triterpenoids xuetongsu A-F (1-6), along with five known triterpenoids (7-11). The structures of the reported compounds were established on the 1D, and 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectra, along with CD spectroscopic analysis.

Chemical characterization of constituents from Hua and their cytotoxic and antioxidant evaluation.

Twenty-four compounds were isolated from the roots of Hua, including a new octopamine dimer, named -bis(-feruloyl)octopamine . The structure was established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. All the extracts and compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic and antioxidant activities by using MTT and chemiluminescence assay.

Identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers of cerebral infarction using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and chemometrics.

Cerebral infarction (CI) is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases and remains a major health problem worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the potential diagnostic biomarkers and important relevant metabolic pathways associated with CI. Metabolomics based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with the multivariate pattern recognition technique were used to characterize the potential serum metabolic profiles of CI.

[Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Fusarium oxysporium strains isolated from the Cucurbitaceae hosts revealed by SRAPs].

Cucurbitaceae wilt of different hosts could be caused by Fusarium oxysporum. To clear the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of F. oxysporum isolates from different Cucurbitaceae hosts and regions, genomic DNA of ninety-five strains of F.

A new sucrosephenylpropanoid ester from Polygonum pubescens Blume.

The present study investigated the chemical constituents of aerial part of Polygonum pubescens Blume. Twenty-two compounds 1-22 were obtained from petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of aerial part of P. pubescens, including a new phenylpropanoide esters 1 and 21 known compounds.

Biological evaluation of phytoconstituents from Polygonum hydropiper.

Fourteen compounds including vanicoside B (1), vanicoside F (2), vanicoside E (3) and 5,6-dehydrokawain (4), aniba-dimer-A (5), 6,6'-((1α,2α,3β,4β)-2,4-diphenylcyclobutane-1,3-diyl)bis(4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one) (6), (+)-ketopinoresinol (7), isorhamnetin (8), 3,7-dihydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy-flavone (9), isalpinin (10), cardamomin (11), pinosylvin (12), 2-desoxy-4-epi-pulchellin (13) and β-sitosterol (14) were isolated from dichloromethane-soluble portion of Polygonum hydropiper. By using Alamar blue assay, compounds 2, 7, 8, 11 and 12 were found to be active against Trypanosoma brucei with IC values in the range of 0.49-7.

Metformin and gefitinib cooperate to inhibit bladder cancer growth via both AMPK and EGFR pathways joining at Akt and Erk.

EGFR is a potential therapeutic target for treating bladder cancer, but has not been approved for clinical use yet. Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic drug and has demonstrated interesting anticancer effects on various cancer models, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. The efficacy of gefitinib, a well-known EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, combined with metformin was assessed on bladder cancer and underlying mechanisms were explored.

Risk Prediction of One-Year Mortality in Patients with Cardiac Arrhythmias Using Random Survival Forest.

Existing models for predicting mortality based on traditional Cox proportional hazard approach (CPH) often have low prediction accuracy. This paper aims to develop a clinical risk model with good accuracy for predicting 1-year mortality in cardiac arrhythmias patients using random survival forest (RSF), a robust approach for survival analysis. 10,488 cardiac arrhythmias patients available in the public MIMIC II clinical database were investigated, with 3,452 deaths occurring within 1-year followups.

Lignans from the bark of Zanthoxylum simulans.

Investigation on the EtOAc extract of the bark of Zanthoxylum simulans led to the isolation of four new lignans including zanthoxylumin A (1), zanthoxylumin B (2), ( - )-magnolin (3), and ( - )-pinoresinol-di-3,3-dimethylallyl ether (4). Their structures were established by comprehensive analysis of the spectral data, especially 1D and 2D NMR spectra.

[Study on chemical constituents of Zanthoxyli cortex's ethyl acetate extract].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Zanthoxyli Cortex.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel and HP-20, MCI gel, Sephadex LH -20 column chromatography, RP-18 and PTLC. Their structures were elucidated by the analysis of spectral data and chemical properties.

A new ferulic acid ester and other constituents from Dracocephalum peregrinum.

A new ferulic acid ester, 1'-methyl-2'-hydroxyethyl ferulate (1), together with methylcaffeate (2), 4-hydroxy cinnamic acid (3), ferulic acid (4), caffeic acid (5), diosmetin (6), luteolin (7), 5,3',4'-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (8), eriodictyol (9), kaempferol (10), quercetin (11), acacetin-7-O-glcopyranoside (12), 4-(beta-glucopyranosyloxy) benzoic acid (13), luteolin-7-O-(6''-feruloyl) glucopyranoside (14), luteolin-7-O-glucopyranoside (15), kaempferide-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (16), quercitrin (17), kaempferol-3-O-glucopyranoside (18), prunasin (19), quercetin-7-O-glucopyranoside (20), quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (21), plantaginin (22), linarin (23), luteolin-7-O-rutinoside (24), and chlorogenic acid (25) were isolated from the aerial parts of Dacocephalum peregrinum. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and HR-ESI-MS analyses. In addition, compound 1 exhibited mild inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.