SARS-CoV-2 spike promotes inflammation and apoptosis through autophagy by ROS-suppressed PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection-induced inflammatory responses are largely responsible for the death of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, the mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 triggers inflammatory responses remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the regulatory role of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in infected cells and attempted to elucidate the molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation.

The Association of Left Atrial Appendage Morphology to Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Radiofrequency Ablation.

The probability of late recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has not yet been fully clarified. This study aims to study the association of left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology with AF recurrence after RFA. We retrospectively enrolled 84 patients (24 patients had persistent AF, 60 patients had paroxysmal AF) who underwent RFA in Shanghai East Hospital from June 2014 to May 2018.

Chitosan modified squalene nanostructured lipid carriers as a promising adjuvant for freeze-dried ovalbumin vaccine.

As immune adjuvants assisting vaccines, nanoparticle delivery systems have been widely exploited. Squalene, the major ingredient of approved adjuvant MF59, has great potential in activating immune responses. In the current study, model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) was encapsulated into squalene-based nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and the chitosan, a cationic polysaccharide, was used for modifying nanoparticles to develop a functionalized and cationic nanoparticle delivery system (OVA-csNLCs).

Focus on the Beauty of Body: The Mediation Role of Body Appreciation Between Perfectionism and Body-Related Shame and Body-Related Guilt.

: According to traditional views, perfectionists are prone to experience shame and guilt. As a relative part of negative body image, body appreciation reflects an appreciation attitude toward physical characteristics, functionality, and health, accepting and appreciating all parts and functions of the body, predicting body-related shame and guilt. : Therefore, body appreciation was examined for its potential mediating role in the relationship between two dimensions of perfectionism (e.

LncRNA APOA1-AS facilitates proliferation and migration and represses apoptosis of VSMCs through TAF15-mediated SMAD3 mRNA stabilization.

Coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) is a major cause of cardiovascular disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated as novel biomarkers in coronary artery disease (CAD). APOA1 antisense RNA (APOA1-AS) was proven to show high expression during atherosclerotic development, but no report has uncovered the detailed mechanism of APOA1-AS in CAS.

Structural characterization of oligosaccharides from free radical depolymerized fucosylated glycosaminoglycan and suggested mechanism of depolymerization.

Free radical depolymerization is a common method in structural analysis of polysaccharides, the major challenge is the analysis of the cleavage site and characterization of newly formed ends in this reaction. Here, a fucosylated glycosaminoglycan from H. fuscopunctata (HfFG) was depolymerized by HO and a series of oligosaccharides were purified and their structures were elucidated.

Enhanced degradation of tetracycline by Cu(II) complexation in the FeS/sulfite system.

This study applied a mineral material of FeS to activate sulfite for efficient degradation of TTC in the presence of Cu(II) based on the identified complexation mechanism through UV-Vis spectra, FTIR spectroscopy and DFT calculation. pH plays an important role in TTC degradation and the initial pH of 6 and 7 were the divide in the contributions of FeS/sulfite oxidation and complex-precipitation. TTC-Cu(II) exhibits a superior promoting effect on the TTC degradation in FeS/sulfite system due to the improvement of TTC electron transfer reactivity and Fe(II) dissolution from FeS.

[Effects of Straw Returning with Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Community Structure in Rice-Rape Rotation].

Straw returning is an effective technique for improving soil fertility and maintaining crop productivity in agro-ecosystems. The effects of straw returning, when combined with chemical fertilizer, on soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and microbial community were explored in rice-rape rotation farmland in the Chaohu Area. We carried out a 4-year field experiment (2016-2020) and set up four treatments (no straw+no fertilization, CK; conventional fertilization, F; straw returning+conventional fertilization, SF; and straw returning+conventional fertilization minus 20%, SDF) to explore the key environmental factors affecting soil enzyme activity and microbial and fungal communities.

Structural characterization and anticoagulant analysis of the novel branched fucosylated glycosaminoglycan from sea cucumber Holothuria nobilis.

Glycosaminoglycan HnFG was extracted from sea cucumber Holothuria nobilis. Its chemical structure was characterized by analyzing the physicochemical properties, oligosaccharides from its mild acid hydrolysates and depolymerized products. The disaccharide d-GalNAc-α1,2-l-Fuc-ol found in its mild acid hydrolysates provided a clue for the presence of a unique disaccharide-branch in HnFG.

pH and light-responsive polycaprolactone/curcumin@zif-8 composite films with enhanced antibacterial activity.

Food packaging materials, especially biodegradable polymer composites incorporated with natural antimicrobial agents with excellent antibacterial activities, are in high demand and attracted immense attention. Herein, a polycaprolactone/curcumin@zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (PCL/Cur@ZIF-8) composite film with enhanced antibacterial activity was developed. Curcumin, a natural photosensitizer, was loaded in the highly porous nanocrystals ZIF-8 to improve its poor water solubility and stability.

Integrative Characterization of Immune-relevant Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Tumor microenvironment plays an essential role in cancer development and progression. Cancer immunotherapy has become a promising approach for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to analyze the HCC immune microenvironment characteristics to identify immune-related genetic changes.

Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogenic Diagnosis and Antibiotic Management of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Adults.

Background: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a promising technique for pathogens diagnosis. However, application of mNGS in immunocompromised adults with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is relatively limited.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 23 immunocompromised and 21 immunocompetent SCAP patients with mNGS detection from April 2019 to December 2019.

Biomarkers for evaluating the effects of exercise interventions in patients with MCI or dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To summarize the biomarkers for evaluating the effects of exercise interventions in patients with cognitive impairment associated with aging, as well as their responses to exercise interventions.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis METHODS: We systematically searched different electronic database, including PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus up to April 2020. Clinical controlled trials with exercise interventions in patients with cognitive impairment were included.

Complete Cytoreductive Surgery vs. Debulking Surgery for pseudomyxoma peritonei of appendiceal origin: A propensity score-matched study based on a single-center experience.

Objective: This study aimed to report the prognostic predictors and compare the long-term outcomes of complete cytoreductive surgery (CCRS) vs. debulking surgery (DS) in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) of appendiceal origin.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1008 consecutive patients with PMP undergoing primary surgery from January 2008 to December 2019 was performed.

Comparative efficacy of various exercise interventions on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Exercise is a promising nonpharmacological therapy for cognitive dysfunction, but it is unclear which type of exercise is most effective. The objective of this study was to compare and rank the effectiveness of various exercise interventions on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia and to examine the effects of exercise on the symptoms relevant to cognitive impairment.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, SPORTDiscus, and PsycInfo through September 2019 and included randomized controlled trials that examined the effectiveness of exercise interventions in patients with MCI or dementia.

Supramolecular virus-like particles by co-assembly of triblock polypolypeptide and PAMAM dendrimers.

Virus-like particles are of special interest as functional delivery vehicles in a variety of fields ranging from nanomedicine to materials science. Controlled formation of virus-like particles relies on manipulating the assembly of the viral coat proteins. Herein, we report a new assembly system based on a triblock polypolypeptide C4-S10-BK12 and -COONa terminated PAMAM dendrimers.

Proteomic characteristics of PM -induced differentially expressed proteins in human renal tubular epithelial cells.

Human renal epithelial (HK-2) cells were treated with PM (50 μg/mL) from Shenzhen and Taiyuan, proteomics and bioinformatics were used to screen the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). A total of 577 DEPs were screened after HK-2 cells exposed to Shenzhen PM, of which 426 were up-regulated and 151 were down-regulated. A total of 1250 DEPs were screened in HK-2 cells after exposure to Taiyuan PM, of which 488 were up-regulated and 185 were down-regulated.

The effect of conservative therapy combined with rehabilitation nursing on elderly compression fracture patients.

Objective: To investigate the effect of rehabilitation nursing combined with conservative therapy on patients undergoing compression fracture surgery.

Methods: 86 patients with compression fractures admitted to our hospital for rehabilitation from November 2018 to November 2019 were recruited as the study cohort. The patients were provided with conservative traditional Chinese medicine treatment along with rehabilitation methods such as rehabilitation nursing, lumbar pillows, and the prevention and cure of complications.

Beclin-1 improves mitochondria-associated membranes in the heart during endotoxemia.

Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) are essential to mitochondria. This study was to determine whether endotoxemia rearranges MAMs in the heart, and whether Beclin-1 regulates this process. Wild-type mice and mice with a cardiac-specific overexpression of Beclin-1 (-), or a heterozygous knockout of Beclin-1 ( ) were given lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.

Oligosaccharides from fucosylated glycosaminoglycan prevent breast cancer metastasis in mice by inhibiting heparanase activity and angiogenesis.

The invasion and metastasis of tumor cells are the hallmarks of malignant diseases and the greatest obstacle to overcome. Heparanase-mediated degradation of heparan sulfate (HS) is the critical process for tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, therefore, heparanase become an attractive target for cancer research. Herein, we reported a native fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (nHG) extracted from sea cucumber Holothuria fuscopunctata and a depolymerized nHG (dHG) and its contained oligosaccharides (hs17, hs14, hs11, hs8 and hs5), acting as heparanase inhibitors.

Reduction of Bladder Cancer Chemosensitivity Induced by the Effect of HOXA-AS3 as a ceRNA for miR-455-5p That Upregulates Notch1.

Chemoresistance is one of the main causes of recurrence in bladder cancer patients and leads to poor prognosis. Recently, long non-coding RNAs, like HOXA-AS3, have been reported to regulate chemoresistance in several types of cancer. In this study, we aimed to determine whether HOXA-AS3 can mediate cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer, and its potential mechanism of action.

Safety of Exercise Testing in the Clinical Chinese Population.

This 18-year cross-sectional study was conducted to provide data on the safety of exercise testing in the clinical Chinese population. We retrospectively identified exercise tests completed at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2019. From 43,130 unique individuals (50.

Unveiling the Disaccharide-Branched Glycosaminoglycan and Anticoagulant Potential of Its Derivatives.

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are conserved polysaccharides composed of linear repeating disaccharides and play crucial roles in multiple biological processes in animal kingdom. However, saccharide-branched GAGs are rarely found, except the fucose-branched one from sea cucumbers. There was conjecture about the presence of disaccharide-branched GAG since 30 years ago, though not yet confirmed.