Novel candidate plasma proteins for the pathogenesis and treatment of atopic dermatitis revealed by proteome-wide association study.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an immune-related skin disease with a genetic background. Numerous loci have been identified associated with AD to better comprehend its complicated genetic mechanisms by genome‑wide association studies (GWASs). However, current studies reveal the underlying mechanisms of these loci in the pathogenesis of AD inadequately.

Estimating global phase synchronization by quantifying multivariate mutual information and detecting network structure.

In neuroscience, phase synchronization (PS) is a crucial mechanism that facilitates information processing and transmission between different brain regions. Specifically, global phase synchronization (GPS) characterizes the degree of PS among multivariate neural signals. In recent years, several GPS methods have been proposed.

Liver tumor segmentation method combining multi-axis attention and conditional generative adversarial networks.

In modern medical imaging-assisted therapies, manual annotation is commonly employed for liver and tumor segmentation in abdominal CT images. However, this approach suffers from low efficiency and poor accuracy. With the development of deep learning, automatic liver tumor segmentation algorithms based on neural networks have emerged, for the improvement of the work efficiency.

Interleukin 15-Presenting Nanovesicles with Doxorubicin-Loaded Ferritin Cores for Cancer Immunochemotherapy.

Interleukin 15 (IL15) is crucial for fostering the survival and proliferation of nature killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), playing a pivotal role in tumor control. However, IL15 supplementary therapy encounters challenges such as systemic inflammation and non-specific stimulation of cancer cells. Herein, a nanovesicle termed DoxFILN, comprising a membrane presenting IL15/IL15 receptor α complexes (IL15c) and a core of doxorubicin-loaded ferritin (Dox-Fn) are reported.

Fibular grafts in global reconstructive surgery: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Over the past few decades, fibular grafts have been widely utilized across 86 countries and regions globally for surgical reconstruction of various anatomical sites, including the mandible, upper extremities, lower extremities, spine, and in phalloplasty procedures. The present study aims to systematically investigate the developmental trajectory of fibular graft and identify research priorities for surgeons.

Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted by searching the Web of Science Core Collection on April 12, 2024, for articles published between 2004 and 2023 on fibular grafting, using the query TS = ("graft" OR "transfer" OR "flap") AND TS = ("fibular").

Concurrent intratumoural T cell depletion and CD8 T cell expansion via a cleavable anti-4-1BB-interleukin-15 fusion protein.

Potent agonists of the inducible co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB are too toxic for patients with advanced cancer. Here, on the basis of observations of a weak agonist of 4-1BB depleting regulatory T (T) cells within the tumour microenvironment without leading to substantial restoration of dysfunctional cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), we show that effective tumour control can be achieved via concurrent T cell depletion and CTL expansion through an anti-4-1BB antibody fused to interleukin-15 (IL-15) via a peptide sensitive to tumour proteases. In mouse models of advanced cancers, intraperitoneal injection of the bifunctional protein attenuated the activity of the interleukin mostly in the periphery of the primary tumour while allowing for the expansion of CTLs within the tumour microenvironment, led to more effective tumour inhibition and to lower systemic toxicity than treating the cancers with combinatorial treatment with unlinked anti-4-1BB antibody and IL-15, and reduced the resistance of tumours to checkpoint blockade.

Purification of harvested rainwater using gravity-driven ceramic membrane: A visualization study combining Micro-CT and COMSOL simulations.

Rainwater harvesting is a viable solution for providing clean water in regions where conventional water sources are scarce or contaminated. However, the harvested rainwater often contains microorganisms, suspended particles, and other impurities that must be removed before consumption. Gravity-driven ceramic membranes (GDCMs) are an efficient choice for purifying harvested rainwater due to their energy-saving properties.

Association Between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and CA125 in Older Women: Insights from a Cross-Sectional NHANES Study.

Introduction: The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) is a novel biomarker that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association between SII and the conventional tumor marker CA125 (Carbohydrate antigen 125) in a population of postmenopausal women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), focusing on postmenopausal women with available data on SII and CA125.

The mystery of abdominal snow-grip sensation: emphysematous cystitis complicated with bladder gangrene and rupture-case report and literature review.

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) refers to a rare form of complicated urinary tract infection (UTI), which is typically observed in elderly females with severe diabetes mellitus. EC was triggered by bacteria, producing gas filled cysts in the bladder wall and lumen, the most common of which are and . Since EC could be potentially life-threatening, severe form of EC (like septic shock) can cause gangrenous cystitis (GC).

Defect Engineering Enhancing Piezoelectric Catalytic Activity of Covalent Organic Framework Matrix Composites for Uranium Removal.

Piezoelectric catalysis is an emerging green strategy, but the existing piezoelectric heterostructures are not sufficient in performance for catalytic reduction of low-reduction potential uranium under harsh conditions. This study innovatively employs a defect heterogeneous engineering strategy, wherein covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are grown in situ on the surface of zinc oxide (ZnO) via Schiff base reactions, and defects are introduced into the COF shell layer via imine exchange reactions to construct D-COF@ZnO for piezoelectric catalytic uranium removal. The comprehensive study shows that defect heterogeneous engineering increases the asymmetry induced polarization of the material to promote charge redistribution, and thus significantly improves the activity of piezoelectric catalysis.

Ultra-small cesium silver bismuth bromide quantum dots fabricated by modified hot-injection method for highly efficient degradation of contaminants in organic solvent.

Lead-free halide perovskite material has drawn fast-growing interest due to its superior solar-conversion efficiency and nontoxic nature. In this work, we have successfully fabricated cesium silver bismuth bromide (CsAgBiBr) quantum dots utilizing the hot injection method. The as-synthesized quantum dots were characterized by combined techniques, which showed remarkable visible-light photocatalytic activity for organic dyes and antibiotic degradation in ethanol.

Artesunate: A potential drug for the prevention and treatment from hepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma.

Liver cancer represents a multifactorial, multistage, and intricately progressive malignancy. Over the past decade, artesunate (ART), initially renowned for its anti-malarial efficacy, has been the focus of over 3000 studies uncovering its diverse pharmacological actions, including anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, metabolic regulatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-cancer properties. This review highlights ART's role in the multistep progression from hepatitis to cancer and its underlying regulatory mechanisms, revealing signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and ferroptosis (a novel form of programmed cell death) as promising therapeutic targets.

Expression and clinical significance of IL-8 and Wnt2 in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric cancer patients.

Introduction: We assessed the expression levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Wnt2 in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric cancer (GC) patients, and investigated the association of these proteins with prognosis.

Methodology: Seventy-two GC patients, including 40 cases with H. pylori infection and 32 cases without H.

Role of plasma neuropeptide Y in acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study.

Background: As neuropeptide Y is associated with endothelial dysfunction, this study explored the relationship between neuropeptide Y and acute myocardial infarction.

Methods: We included 128 acute myocardial infarction cases and 62 controls. Using the SYNTAX scoring system, the acute myocardial infarction group was sub-grouped into "SYNTAX ≤ 22," "SYNTAX = 23-32," and "SYNTAX ≥ 33.

Proteomics exploration of metformin hydrochloride for diabetic kidney disease treatment via the butanoate metabolism pathway.

Diabetic nephropathy (DKD) is a diabetesrelated kidney injury with an increasing incidence every year. Metformin hydrochloride (MET), a cornerstone treatment for glucose lowering, has been widely reported for the treatment of DKD, but the specific molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets still need to be further explored. We used kidney tissues from db/db mice as samples and used proteomics and bioinformatics to analyse the function, distribution and related pathways of differential proteins in DKD, focusing on the assessment of the binding energies of key proteins in the butyrate pathway and drugs at the molecular level, which showed that the expression profiles of differential proteins in kidney tissues were altered after MET treatment, involving energy metabolism.

Effect of thermal pretreatment on quality of Camellia oleifera seed oil by wet extraction: Focusing on bioactive components, flavor and lipid composition.

Appropriate pretreatment before wet extraction is beneficial to destroy the structure of Camellia oleifera seeds and facilitate lipid release, which can improve the oil yield and quality characteristics. This study investigated the effect of various thermal pretreatments (microwave, infrared, roasting, and frying) on the bioactive components, antioxidant capacity, flavor and lipid composition of wet-processed Camellia oleifera seed oil (COSO). The results showed that COSO pretreated by microwave had an oil yield of 36.