[Screening and identification of key enzyme genes for steroidal saponin biosynthesis in Dioscorea zingiberensis under low phosphorus stress].

To investigate the responses of key enzymes involved in steroidal saponin biosynthesis of Dioscorea zingiberensis to low phosphorus stress, we designed three treatments of severe phosphorus stress, moderate phosphorus stress, and normal phosphorus level. The D. zingiberensis plants were collected at the early, middle, and late stages of treatment.

Metal-Free β-Amino Alcohol Synthesis: A Two-step Smiles Rearrangement.

A novel method for the synthesis of β-amino alcohols has been demonstrated under mild reaction conditions with a broad scope via a two-step Smiles rearrangement. What is more, theoretical calculations have been performed to confirm the rationality of the mechanism. The method has been proved to be notably effective for N-arylated amino alcohols, which are difficult to synthesize by traditional methods.

Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits Ca influx and downregulates CaSR by upregulating microRNA-16 in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is reported to have the potential to ameliorate pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), while the specific mechanism is still obscure. This study aims to investigate the function of DHA in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and explore the underlying mechanism. In our study, DHA was used to incubate PASMCs.

Mechanisms and the role of probiotic Bacillus in mitigating fish pathogens in aquaculture.

Diseases are natural components of the environment, and many have economic implications for aquaculture and fisheries. Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry with the aim to meet the high protein demand of the ever-increasing global population; however, the emergence of diseases is a major setback to the industry. Probiotics emerged as a better solution to curb the disease problem in aquaculture among many alternatives.

Effects of three host-associated Bacillus species on mucosal immunity and gut health of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus and its resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection.

Skin and intestinal mucosa lymphoid tissues are known to be the fish's first line of defence since they serve as the first point of contact for pathogens. Only few studies have investigated the influence of host-associated Bacillus on mucosal immunity. In this study, the effects of three host-associated Bacillus species on mucosal immunity, intestinal morphology, intestinal digestive enzymes activity, intestinal microbiome and resistance of Nile tilapia against Aeromonas hydrophila infection was evaluated.

[Molecular cloning and expression analysis of iridoid synthase genes from Rehmannia glutinosa].

Iridoid synthase( IS),the key enzyme in the natural biosynthesis of vegetal iridoids,catalyzes the irreversible cyclization of 10-oxogeranial to epi-iridodial. In this study,we screened the Rehmannia glutinosa transcriptome data by BLASTn with Catharanthus roseus CrIS cDNA,and found four c DNA fragments with length of 1 527,1 743,1 425,1 718 bp,named RgIS1,RgIS2,RgIS3 and RgIS4,respectively. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the four iridoid synthase genes encoding proteins with 389-392 amino acid residues,protein molecular weights were between 44.

[Progress on germplasm enhancement and breeding of Rehmannia glutinosa].

The history of Rehmannia glutinosa breeding has already beyond 100 years. There are rich cultivated varieties and wild germplasm resources in R. glutinosa.

[Effect of different initial processing methods on quality of gardenia].

To investigate the effect of different initial processing methods on the quality of Gardenia and determine the best cooking time in gardenia processing through the determination of index components content. The contents of geniposide, crocetin Ⅰ and total iridoid glycosides in Gardenia were determined before storage, six months after storage and one year after storage. During storage, the contents of geniposide, crocetin Ⅰ and total iridoid glycosides in directly dried Gardenia were 1.

Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for endometriosis-associated pain: A retrospective study.

This retrospective study evaluated the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain (EAP).A total of 154 patients with EAP were included and were divided into 2 groups in this retrospective study. Eighty-three patients were assigned a treatment group, and underwent NMES therapy, while 71 subjects in the control group were at waiting list.

[Cloning and expression analysis of a tyrosine decarboxylase gene from Rehmannia glutinosa].

Tyrosine decarboxylase (TyrDC) is an important enzyme in the secondary metabolism of several plant species, and was hypothesized to play a key role in the biosynthesis of phenylethanoid glycosides. Based on the transcriptome data, we cloned the full-length cDNA (GenBank accession NO. KU640395) of RgTyDC gene from Rehmannia glutinosa, and then performed bioinformatic analysis of the sequence.

[Interactions between Hemoglobin and Other Proteins were Proved by the Electrophoresis Release Test and Co-immunoprecipitation].

Objective: To study the interactions between hemoglobin (Hb) and other proteins within human erythrocytes by using the electrophoresis release test (ERT) and co-immunoprecipitation.

Methods: First, the fresh normal adult anti-coagulated whole blood was washed to prepare packed RBCs, which were further prepared to erythrocyte suspension and hemolysate.The erythrocyte suspension and hemolysate were analyzed by the electrophoresis release test (ERT) at the same time, and then the band of HbA of erythrocyte sample (RA) and the corresponding band of hemolysate sample (HA) were cut out from the gel and were enriched by freeze-thaw method.

Poly[[diaqua-bis-(μ(3)-3,5-dicarb-oxy-benzo-ato-κ(3)O(1):O(3):O(5))bis-(μ(3)-5-carb-oxy-ben-zene-1,3-dicarboxyl-ato-κ(3)O(1):O(3):O(5))tetrakis(methylformamide-κO)tri-man-ganese(II)] dimethyl-formamide tetra-solvate].

In the title complex, {[Mn(3)(C(9)H(4)O(6))(2)(C(9)H(5)O(6))(2)(C(3)H(7)NO)(4)(H(2)O)(2)]·4C(3)H(7)NO}(n), one Mn(II) ion sits on an inversion center, and is six-coordinated by four O atoms from four anions (monoanionic and dianionic) derived from benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid and by two dimethyl-formamide (DMF) mol-ecules in a slightly distorted octa-hedral geometry. The other Mn(II) ion is six-coordinated by four O atoms from four monoanionic and dianionic ligands, one DMF mol-ecule and one water mol-ecule in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The monoanionic and dianionic ligands bridge the Mn(II) ions, resulting in the formation of a layered structure parallel to (111) in which all of the carboxyl-ate groups of the anionic ligands coordinate the Mn(II) ions in a monodentate manner.

Down-regulation of fecal miR-143 and miR-145 as potential markers for colorectal cancer.

Objective: To detect 4 MicroRNA (miRNA) in the stool samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients to determine whether these miRNAs could be biomarkers in CRC screening or treatment.

Methods: A retrospective comparison study was carried out in the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China from September 2009 to March 2011. We detected 4 miRNAs (miR-143, miR-145, miR-21, and miR-106a) in the stool samples of 38 CRC patients and 13 healthy individuals.

Bis[2-(2-fur-yl)-1-(2-furylmeth-yl)-1H-benzimidazole-κN]diiodidocadmium.

In the title complex, [CdI(2)(C(16)H(12)N(2)O(2))(2)], the Cd(II) atom is located on a twofold rotation axis and is four-coordinated by two N atoms from symmetry-related 2-(2-fur-yl)-1-(2-furyl-meth-yl)-1H-benzimidazole ligands and two I atoms in a distorted tetra-hedral configuration. The benzimidazole rings in adjacent mol-ecules are parallel, with an average inter-planar distance of 3.486 Å.

[Analysis of biochemical indices and efficient ingredients in autotetraploid of Dioscorea zingibiernsis].

Objective: To improve the yield and quality of Dioscrea zingibiernsis.

Methods: The Biochemical indices and the diosgenin's content were analysed in the autotetraploid lines.

Results: The results showed that the activities of APX, SOD and POD in most of autotetraploid lines were higher than that in diploid line or close to it, there was also difference between autotetraploid lines and control lines in the SDS-PAGE of soluble proteins.