[Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Microplastics in Water of Different Functional Parks in Guilin].

The water environment capacity of urban parks is small, and their self-purification ability is poor. They are also more likely to be affected by microplastics (MPs), which cause an imbalance of the water micro-ecosystem. Based on the functional characteristics of parks (comprehensive park, community park, and ecological park), this study investigated the distribution characteristics of MPs in the water of Guilin parks through spot sampling, microscopic observation, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Camrelizumab Plus Chemotherapy vs. Chemotherapy Alone as the First-Line Treatment in Patients With IIIB-IV Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Without EGFR and ALK Alteration from a Perspective of Health - Care System in China.

The CAMEL clinical trial (412 patients were randomly assigned to either camrelizumab plus chemotherapy (n = 205) or chemotherapy alone (n = 207)) demonstrated that camrelizumab plus chemotherapy (CC) improved the overall survival time (OS) and progression-free survival time (PFS) of patients with metastatic nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (non-sq NSCLC) without epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations (EGFRm and ALKm) vs. chemotherapy (C) alone. Our objective was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of CC vs.

Burden of visual impairment in mainland China: the Handan Eye Study and Beijing Eye Study.

Purpose: To determine the impact of visual impairment (VI) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to compare the health burden of VI in different areas in mainland China.

Methods: A cohort of 6830 people from rural villages and a cohort of 3251 people from an urban city were included to receive comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations and complete the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions 3 Levels (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire. For urban and rural populations, a unified VI grouping standard was adopted: the eyes were classified into normal group, mild-moderate group, and severe group according to WHO standards, and then divided into 6 groups considering both eyes.

Distribution of IOP and its relationship with refractive error and other factors: the Anyang University Students Eye Study.

Aim: To investigate the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its relationship with refractive error and other factors in university students from Anyang, China.

Methods: A university-based study was conducted. Subjects were invited to complete ophthalmic examinations, including visual acuity, noncontact tonometry (NCT), cycloplegic autorefraction, and ocular biometry.

Silica nanomaterials induce organ injuries by Ca-ROS-initiated disruption of the endothelial barrier and triggering intravascular coagulation.

Background: The growing use of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) in many fields raises human toxicity concerns. We studied the toxicity of SiNP-20 (particle diameter 20 nm) and SiNP-100 (100 nm) and the underlying mechanisms with a focus on the endothelium both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The study was conducted in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and adult female Balb/c mice using several techniques.

TMEM16A ameliorates vascular remodeling by suppressing autophagy via inhibiting Bcl-2-p62 complex formation.

: Transmembrane member 16A (TMEM16A) is a component of calcium-activated chloride channels that regulate vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and remodeling. Autophagy, a highly conserved cellular catabolic process in eukaryotes, exerts important physiological functions in vascular SMCs. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between TMEM16A and autophagy during vascular remodeling.

Central Retinal Vessel Trunk Caliber Changes After Short-term Intraocular Pressure Elevation.

Precis: After a short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation, the central retinal vein caliber may be widened at lower IOP rise levels, while be compressed at higher IOP rise values.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the calibers of the central retinal vein trunk (CRVT) and central retinal artery trunk (CRAT) trunk during a short-term elevation of IOP.

Methods: A prospective observational study.

Design, methodology, and preliminary results of the follow-up of a population-based cohort study in rural area of northern China: Handan Eye Study.

Background: Handan Eye Study (HES), a large population-based cohort study in rural area of northern China, was one of the few studies focusing on the major eye diseases of rural Chinese population. The aim of this study was to introduce the design, methodology and to assess the data quality of the follow-up phase of HES.

Methods: All participants were recruited in Yongnian county of Handan city between 2012 and 2013.

Endophilin A2 regulates calcium-activated chloride channel activity via selective autophagy-mediated TMEM16A degradation.

TMEM16A Ca-activated chloride channel (CaCC) plays an essential role in vascular homeostasis. In this study we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying downregulation of TMEM16A CaCC activity during hypertension. In cultured basilar artery smooth muscle cells (BASMCs) isolated from 2k2c renohypertesive rats, treatment with angiotensin II (0.

The acute toxic effects of platinum nanoparticles on ion channels, transmembrane potentials of cardiomyocytes in vitro and heart rhythm in vivo in mice.

Background: Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have been considered a nontoxic nanomaterial and been clinically used in cancer chemotherapy. PtNPs can also be vehicle exhausts and environmental pollutants. These situations increase the possibility of human exposure to PtNPs.

Cycloplegic refraction by 1% cyclopentolate in young adults: is it the gold standard? The Anyang University Students Eye Study (AUSES).

Aims: To document the difference between non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic refraction and explore its associated factors in Chinese young adults.

Methods: A school-based study including 7971 undergraduates was conducted in Anyang, Henan Province, China. Cycloplegia was achieved with two drops of 1% cyclopentolate and 1 drop of Mydrin P (Tropicamide 0.

Ca/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II γ-Dependent Serine727 Phosphorylation Is Required for TMEM16A Ca-Activated Cl Channel Regulation in Cerebrovascular Cells.

Background: TMEM16A is a critical component of Ca-activated chloride channels (CaCCs) and mediates basilar arterial smooth muscle cell (BASMC) proliferation in hypertensive cerebrovascular remodeling. CaMKII is a negative regulator of CaCC, and four CaMKII isoforms (α, β, γ and δ) are expressed in vasculature; however, it is unknown which and how CaMKII isoforms affect TMEM16A-associated CaCC and BASMC proliferation.

Methods and results: Patch clamp and small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of different CaMKII isoforms revealed that only CaMKIIγ inhibited native Ca-activated chloride currents (I) in BASMCs.

The acute toxic effects of silver nanoparticles on myocardial transmembrane potential, I and I channels and heart rhythm in mice.

This study focused on the potential toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on cardiac electrophysiology which is rarely investigated. We found that AgNPs (10-10g/ml) concentration-dependently depolarized the resting potential, diminished the action potential, and finally led to loss of excitability in mice cardiac papillary muscle cells in vitro. In cultured neonatal mice cardiomyocytes, AgNPs (10-10g/ml) concentration-dependently decreased the Na currents (I), accelerated the activation, and delayed the inactivation and recovery of Na channels from inactivation within 5 min.

Safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: assessment of aqueous humour and lens capsule.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) on aqueous humour and lens capsule.

Methods: This prospective randomized comparative study enrolled 19 eyes that underwent FLACS as the trial group and 20 eyes that underwent conventional phacoemulsification as the control group. The femtosecond laser platform (LLS-fs 3D; LensAR, Orlando, FL, USA) was used to generate capsulotomy (laser energy 8 μJ) and lens fragmentation (laser energy 10 μJ).

Leptin receptor of the hind brain nuclei is involved in the conditioned taste preference of rats.

Objective: Conditioned taste preference (CTP) is a taste learning reflex by which an animal learns to prefer a substance which tastes not well and has been studied with much interest in recent years. However, the neural substrates of CTP are less known. This study aimed to determine the possible neural path- ways of CTP and whether serum leptin level and the leptin receptor (OB-Rb) in the hind brain are involved following CTP formation.

Threonine532 phosphorylation in ClC-3 channels is required for angiotensin II-induced Cl(-) current and migration in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.

Background And Purpose: Angiotensin II (AngII) induces migration and growth of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), which is responsible for vascular remodelling in some cardiovascular diseases. Ang II also activates a Cl(-) current, but the underlying mechanism is not clear.

Experimental Approach: The A10 cell line and primary cultures of VSMC from control, ClC-3 channel null mice and WT mice made hypertensive with AngII infusions were used.

A simple and highly selective 2,2-diferrocenylpropane-based multi-channel ion pair receptor for Pb(2+) and HSO4(-).

A structurally simple, 2,2-diferrocenylpropane-based ion pair receptor 1 was synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, HRMS, elemental analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The ion pair receptor 1 showed excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards Pb(2+) with multi-channel responses: a fluorescence enhancement (more than 42-fold), a notable color change from yellow to red, redox anodic shift (ΔE1/2 = 151 mV), while HSO4(-) promoted fluorescence enhancement when Pb(2+) or Zn(2+) was bonded to the cation binding-site. (1)H NMR titration and density functional theory were performed to reveal the sensing mechanism based on photo-induced electron transfer (PET).

[Clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion to the treatment of gouty arthritis and analysis on their therapeutic effects].

In the present paper, the authors make a summary on the clinical application of acu-moxibustion therapy in the treatment of gouty arthritis in recent 10 years. Acupuncture needles often used are filiform needle, red-hot needle, moxibustion-warmed needle and three-edged needle. Clinical studies have showed that acupuncture therapy has a definite efficacy in relieving gouty arthritis and has its clinical characteristics, such as faster efficacy, lower relapse rate, etc.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on caspase-9 expression in hippocampus and neuroethology in hyperlipemia rats with concurrent cerebral ischemia].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on hippocampal apoptosis protein caspase-9 expression and neuroethology in hyperlipemia plus cerebral ischemia (HL-CI) rats.

Methods: Seventy male SD rats were randomized into control, hyperlipemia (HL), CI, HL-CI, CI + EA, HL-CI + EA I , and HL-CI + EA II groups, with 10 cases in each. HL model was established by feeding the animals with high fat forage for 6 weeks and CI model was established by occlusion of the unilateral middle cerebral artery.