Predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure with T1 mapping-based whole-liver histogram analysis on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: comparison with the indocyanine green clearance test and albumin-bilirubin scoring system.

Objectives: To explore the value of T1 mapping-based whole-liver histogram analysis on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF).

Methods: Consecutive patients from March 2016 to March 2018 who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and 37 patients were enrolled. Whole-liver T1 mapping-based histogram analysis was performed.

Selectively Probing the Magnetic Resonance Signals of γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Human Brains In Vivo.

Background: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in human brains, playing a role in the pathogenesis of various psychiatric disorders. Current methods have some non-neglectable shortcomings and noninvasive and accurate detection of GABA in human brains is long-term challenge.

Purpose: To develop a pulse sequence capable of selectively detecting and quantifying the H signal of GABA in human brains based on optimal controlled spin singlet order.

Fully automated pixel-wise quantitative CMR-myocardial perfusion with CMR-coronary angiography to detect hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease.

Objectives: We applied a fully automated pixel-wise post-processing framework to evaluate fully quantitative cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial perfusion imaging (CMR-MPI). In addition, we aimed to evaluate the additive value of coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) to the diagnostic performance of fully automated pixel-wise quantitative CMR-MPI for detecting hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: A total of 109 patients with suspected CAD were prospectively enrolled and underwent stress and rest CMR-MPI, CMRA, invasive coronary angiography (ICA), and fractional flow reserve (FFR).

Improved Readout-Segmented Echo-Planner Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using Simultaneous Multislice Acquisitions at 3 T.

Purpose: This study systematically compared the images from readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging (RESOLVE-DWI [RS-DWI]) and simultaneous multislice accelerated RESOLVE-DWI (SMS-RS-DWI) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in qualitative and quantitative aspects.

Method: Forty-four patients with NPC were included. The RS-DWI and prototypic SMS-RS-DWI sequences were performed on all patients.

The Value of Whole-Tumor Histogram and Texture Analysis Using Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in Differentiating Pathologic Subtypes of Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: To determine if whole-tumor histogram and texture analyses using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters values could differentiate the pathologic characteristics of locally advanced gastric cancer.

Methods: Eighty patients with histologically confirmed locally advanced gastric cancer who received surgery in our institution were retrospectively enrolled into our study between April 2017 and December 2018. Patients were excluded if they had lesions with the smallest diameter < 5 mm and severe image artifacts.

Effects of different processing methods on the chlorophyll structure in kiwifruit.

Kiwifruit puree was treated with high and normal temperatures and pressures as independent variables to determinate the structural changes of chlorophyll derivatives. Two groups of colored elution samples were identified as single component compounds by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). In addition, the structures of the two compounds were identified and analyzed by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR).

Synthesizing High--Value Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Prostate Using Generative Adversarial Networks.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate a diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) deep learning framework based on the generative adversarial network (GAN) to generate synthetic high--value ( =1500 sec/mm) DWI (SYN) sets from acquired standard--value ( = 800 sec/mm) DWI (ACQ) and acquired standard--value ( = 1000 sec/mm) DWI (ACQ) sets.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 395 patients who underwent prostate multiparametric MRI. This cohort was split into internal training (96 patients) and external testing (299 patients) datasets.

Calculation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficients in Prostate Cancer Using Deep Learning Algorithms: A Pilot Study.

Background: Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) obtained with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) are highly valuable for the detection and staging of prostate cancer and for assessing the response to treatment. However, DWI suffers from significant anatomic distortions and susceptibility artifacts, resulting in reduced accuracy and reproducibility of the ADC calculations. The current methods for improving the DWI quality are heavily dependent on software, hardware, and additional scan time.

Optimization of process parameters for naringinase production by UA13 and pilot scale-up study.

To improve the naringinase production of UA13, shorten the fermentation period, and verify its industrial application value, naringinase production conditions were optimized, and 5 L scale-up study in stirred tank bioreactor was carried out. Parameters, including carbon, nitrogen sources and inducer, optimal seed age, inoculum amount, temperature and pH, were adjusted and optimized in shaking flask. Keeping pH at the optimal value 6 in bioreactor, dissolved oxygen was monitored during the fermentation and the optimal stirring rate was investigated.

Whole-Tumor Histogram and Texture Imaging Features on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined With Epstein-Barr Virus Status to Predict Disease Progression in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

We aimed to investigate whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) could produce differences on MRI by examining the histogram and texture imaging features. We also sought to determine the predictive value of pretreatment MRI texture analyses incorporating with EBV status for disease progression (PD) in patients with primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Eighty-one patients with primary T2-T4 NPC and known EBV status who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI were included in this retrospective study.

Advanced zoomed diffusion-weighted imaging vs. full-field-of-view diffusion-weighted imaging in prostate cancer detection: a radiomic features study.

Objectives: We aimed to compare the efficiency of prostate cancer (PCa) detection using a radiomics signature based on advanced zoomed diffusion-weighted imaging and conventional full-field-of-view DWI.

Methods: A total of 136 patients, including 73 patients with PCa and 63 without PCa, underwent multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI). Radiomic features were extracted from prostate lesion areas segmented on full-field-of-view DWI with b-value = 1500 s/mm (f-DWI), advanced zoomed DWI images with b-value = 1500 s/mm (z-DWI), calculated zoomed DWI with b-value = 2000 s/mm (z-calDWI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from both sequences (f-ADC and z-ADC).

Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging for the preliminary prediction of the response to gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic ductal carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the role of the quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) in the prediction of the response to chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDC).

Method: Forty patients with histologically confirmed PDC who underwent quantitative DCE-MRI were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into groups of responders and nonresponders.

Three-Dimensional Free-Breathing Whole-Heart Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography at 1.5 T: Gadobutrol-Enhanced Gradient-Echo Acquisition Sequence Versus Non-Contrast-Enhanced Steady-State Free Precession Sequence.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare gadobutrol-enhanced gradient-echo sequence (GRE) acquisition with T2-prepared non-contrast-enhanced steady-state free precession (SSFP) in coronary magnetic resonance angiography at 1.5 T.

Methods: Twenty-one subjects successfully completed GRE and SSFP acquisition.

Evaluation of intratumoral heterogeneity by using diffusion kurtosis imaging and stretched exponential diffusion-weighted imaging in an orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft model.

Background: To investigate the value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with a stretched exponential model (SEM) in the evaluation of tumor heterogeneity in an orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft model.

Methods: Thirty orthotopic HCC xenograft nude mice models were established and randomly divided into two groups, the sorafenib induction group (n=15) and control group (n=15). Every mouse in each group underwent MRI with DKI and SEM on a 1.

Assessing liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B using MR extracellular volume measurements: Comparison with serum fibrosis indices.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic value of liver extracellular volume (ECV) measurement by equilibrium MR in staging liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, and to compare its performance with serum fibrosis indices.

Materials And Methods: 91 CHB patients were included and underwent gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI with T1 mapping sequence before and 15-min after contrast. ECV, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis index based on the four factors (FIB-4) were calculated and compared between fibrosis subgroups, and the correlations between the three indices and fibrosis stage or inflammatory activity were measured by Spearman correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

Histogram Analysis of Diffusion Kurtosis Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis of Hepatic Fibrosis.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) histogram analysis in hepatic fibrosis staging.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six rats were divided into carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis groups (6 rats per group for 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks) and a control group (n = 12). MRI was performed using a 3T scanner.

Pre-TACE kurtosis of ADC derived from histogram analysis for diffusion-weighted imaging is the best independent predictor of prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: To determine the feasibility of pre-TACE IVIM imaging based on histogram analysis for predicting prognosis in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: Fifty-five patients prospectively underwent 1.5T MRI 1 week before TACE.

Feasibility of free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of gastric cancer using a golden-angle radial stack-of-stars VIBE sequence: comparison with the conventional contrast-enhanced breath-hold 3D VIBE sequence.

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility and diagnostic value of free-breathing, radial, stack-of-stars three-dimensional (3D) gradient echo (GRE) sequence ("golden angle") on dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI of gastric cancer.

Methods: Forty-three gastric cancer patients were divided into cooperative and uncooperative groups. Respiratory fluctuation was observed using an abdominal respiratory gating sensor.

Assessment of liver regeneration after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy: a comparative study with portal vein ligation.

Background: To investigate the diagnostic value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in assessing liver regeneration after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) compared with portal vein ligation (PVL).

Methods: Thirty rats were divided into the ALPPS, PVL, and control groups. DKI and DWI were performed before and 7 days after surgery.

Assessment of Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging.

Purpose To evaluate the potential role of diffusion kurtosis imaging and conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings including standard monoexponential model of diffusion-weighted imaging and morphologic features for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods Institutional review board approval and written informed consent were obtained. Between September 2015 and November 2016, 84 patients (median age, 54 years; range, 29-79 years) with 92 histopathologically confirmed HCCs (40 MVI-positive lesions and 52 MVI-negative lesions) were analyzed.

Histogram analyses of diffusion kurtosis indices and apparent diffusion coefficient in assessing liver regeneration after ALPPS and a comparative study with portal vein ligation.

Purpose: To investigate the value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) histogram analysis in assessing liver regeneration and the microstructure basis after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS), in comparison with portal vein ligation (PVL).

Materials And Methods: Thirty rats were divided into the ALPPS, PVL, and control groups. Histograms of DKI using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner were performed for corrected apparent diffusion (D), kurtosis (K), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).

Association of native T1 times with biventricular function and hemodynamics in precapillary pulmonary hypertension.

In precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients, we sought to (1) investigate the relationship between ventricular insertion point (VIP) T1 times, hemodynamic parameters, and biventricular function, and (2) determine the predictors of anterior and inferior VIP T1 time. Twenty-two patients with precapillary PH underwent 1.5-T cardiac MR, right heart catheterization (RHC), and echocardiography.

Assessment of liver fibrosis using T1 mapping on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance.

Background: Few studies have investigated the value of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 mapping in exact fibrosis staging, especially its correlation with hepatic molecular transporters.

Aims: To investigate the diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 mapping in staging liver fibrosis and its relationship with hepatic molecular transporters.

Methods: Thirty rats were divided into the carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis groups and a control group.

Whole-tumor MRI histogram analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlations with Ki-67 labeling index.

Purpose: To evaluate whether whole-tumor histogram-derived parameters for an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could aid in assessing Ki-67 labeling index (LI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: In all, 57 patients with HCC who underwent pretreatment MRI with a 3T MR scanner were included retrospectively. Histogram parameters including mean, median, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and percentiles (5 , 25 , 75 , 95 ) were derived from the ADC map and MR enhancement.

Evaluation of antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects of sorafenib by sequential histology and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in an orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft model.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in the assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib in an orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft model.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five HCC nude mouse models were established. IVIM was performed on a 1.