Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Fracture in China: The China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study.

Importance: The aging of the population is associated with an increasing burden of fractures worldwide. However, the epidemiological features of fractures in mainland China are not well known.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of and factors associated with osteoporosis, clinical fractures, and vertebral fractures in an adult population 40 years or older in mainland China.

[Final evaluation of health education on prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015].

Objective: To evaluate the health education effect of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province after implementing of the

Methods: Based on questionnaires and datum review, the data of health education for integrated prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015 were collected to evaluate the effect of health education.

Results: A total of 16 662 499 schistosomiasis health education publicity materials were distributed, 28 712 times of media propaganda were conducted, 174 506 warning signs were established, 185 985 promotional slogans were issued, 1 212 810 pieces of personal protective equipment were distributed, 9 248 village officer training courses were organized, and 5 569 school teacher training courses in primary and secondary schools were conducted in 63 counties (cities, districts) of 13 cities in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015. A total of 4 815 people were surveyed in 3 counties in 2015.

Dynamics of spatiotemporal distribution of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, China.

Schistosomiasis caused by parasitic flatworms of blood flukes, remains a major public health concern in China. The significant progress in controlling schistosomiasis in China over the past decades has resulted in the remarkable reduction in the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma japonicum infection to an extremely low level. Therefore, the elimination of schistosomiasis has been promoted by the Chinese national government.

[Application of CroelDRAW software in drawing sketch map of schistosomiasis control].

Objective: To improve the information level of schistosomiasis control by using the related functions of CorelDRAW software.

Methods: Combining with the requirement of schistosomiasis control, the sketch map was drawn according to the linear element drawing, the geometric drawing, the color rendering and the text adding.

Results: The schistosomiasis epidemic sketch map and the snail distribution sketch map at all levels were produced in CorelDRAW software.

[Emergency response and effect evaluation on schistosomiasis control in rescue of shipwreck event in Yangtze River].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control in"Oriental Star shipwreck event"in Jianli County, Hubei Province, so as to provide experiences for schistosomiasis prevention and control in rescue of emergency in the future.

Methods: According to the data of historical schistosomiasis prevalence and the results of the field survey in the townships in the upstream and downstream of the rescue spots, the emergency handling measures of schistosomiasis control were evaluated. Meanwhile, the snail situation, priority crowd chemotherapy, key aquatic monitoring, and illness monitoring of people and livestock were investigated to evaluate the schistosomiasis control effect after the events comprehensively.

[Construction and operation status of management system of laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province].

Objective: To analyze the construction and operation status of management system of laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province, so as to provide the reference for the standardized detection and management of schistosomiasis laboratories.

Methods: According to the laboratory standard of schistosomiasis at provincial, municipal and county levels, the management system construction and operation status of 60 schistosomiasis control institutions was assessed by the acceptance examination method from 2013 to 2015.

Results: The management system was already occupied over all the laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions and was officially running.

A spatial analysis of human Schistosoma japonicum infections in Hubei, China, during 2009-2014.

Background: The province of Hubei is located in the middle of China, near the middle and lower reaches of the River Yangtze, and is an area where schistosomiasis is endemic. It is challenging to control this disease in this environment, and it would be useful to identify clusters of infection and transmission, as well as their distributions during recent years. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis in Hubei, in order to facilitate the effective control and elimination of this disease.

[Evaluation of transmission control of schistosomiasis in 19 counties (cities, districts) of Hubei Province in 2013].

Objective: To evaluate the schistosomiasis transmission control in 19 counties (cities, districts) of Hubei Province in 2013.

Methods: The epidemic villages from different counties were randomly sampled by the cluster sampling method as the evaluation villages. The schistosome infection status of human and livestock, the snail status, the documents and data of schistosomiasis control, acute infection control and health education were investigated in the field.

[Analysis of malaria epidemic situation and control in Hubei Province from 1974 to 2015].

Objective: To analyze the malaria control measures and epidemic trend in Hubei Province from 1974 to 2015, so as to provide the evidence for malaria elimination path analysis.

Methods: The malaria control data in Hubei Province from 1974 to 2015 were collected and analyzed retrospectively by descriptive epidemiological methods.

Results: The epidemic process of malaria in Hubei Province was divided into four stages.

[Epidemiological investigation on confirmed cases of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province].

Objective: To grasp the distribution and epidemiology of confirmed cases of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, so as to provide the evidence for promoting the prevention and control work.

Methods: The confirmed cases of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014 were epidemiologically investigated, and the prevalence characteristics and main influencing factors were analyzed.

Results: A total of 10 102 confirmed cases from 2010 to 2014 were surveyed.

[Surveillance of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province in 2014].

Objective: To analyze the surveillance results of schistosomiasis and understand the transmission situation in Hubei Province in 2014.

Methods: According to (), 207 endemic sites were selected, where the schistosome infections of residents and livestock, and the distribution of snails were investigated.

Results: In the 207 sites, there were 27 sites without positive results of the blood tests and 129 sites without positive results of the stool tests.

[Competition Results of Parasitic Disease Control Techniques among Technician in Hubei Province in 2015].

Objective: Objective To understand the qualification of technicians in parasitic disease control in Hubei Province by analyzing the rusults of technique competition in 2015.

Methods: Provincial competitions on basic knowledge and on skills were conducted among 68 technicians in 17 cities （prefectures） in May 2015. The results were collected and analyzed with SPSS18.

Using a Hybrid Model to Forecast the Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Humans.

Background: We previously proposed a hybrid model combining both the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and the nonlinear autoregressive neural network (NARNN) models in forecasting schistosomiasis. Our purpose in the current study was to forecast the annual prevalence of human schistosomiasis in Yangxin County, using our ARIMA-NARNN model, thereby further certifying the reliability of our hybrid model.

Methods: We used the ARIMA, NARNN and ARIMA-NARNN models to fit and forecast the annual prevalence of schistosomiasis.

[Establishment of surveillance and forecast platform of schistosomiasis in key water regions in Hubei Province].

Objective: To establish an expression platform of surveillance and forecast for schistosomiasis in key water regions of Hubei Province.

Methods: The platform of surveillance and forecast for schistosomiasis was established based on Google Earth, GIS Office software, network albums and network video stations. The results of the field surveillance and laboratory testing, and figures and videos were inputted into the established platform, and an information management file was set up to express the information of forecasting.

[Application of ARIMA model on prediction of malaria incidence].

Objective: To predict the incidence of local malaria of Hubei Province applying the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA).

Methods: SPSS 13.0 software was applied to construct the ARIMA model based on the monthly local malaria incidence in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2009.

[Qualitative research on psychological experiences of advanced schistosomiasis patients].

Objective: To understand the psychological experiences of advanced schistosomiasis patients, so as to provide the evidence for formulating a systematic and scientific nursing scheme.

Methods: Twenty advanced schistosomiasis patients were studied with the qualitative research method.

Results: There were 70% (14/20) patients with labor limited, 50% (10/20) with a moderate anxiety, irritability and other negative emotions, and 65% (13/20) with moderate discomfort.

[Epidemiological analysis of malaria prevalence in Hubei Province in 2013].

Objective: To explore the endemic situation of malaria in Hubei Province in 2013, so as to put forward effective elimination strategies and measures.

Methods: The data of malaria cases were searched from the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method for the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Hubei Province in 2013.

Results: A total of 129 malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province in 2013 with the incidence of 0.

[Spatial regression analysis of relationship between schistosome infection rate of Oncomelania hupensis snails and climate factors].

Objective: To explore the relationship between the schistosome infection rate of O. hupensis snails and the climate factors in endemic areas of schistosomiasis, so as to provide the evidence for improving the snail control.

Methods: The snail and climate data of 18 counties in Hubei Province in 2009 were collected to obtain the infection rate of O.

[Effect of standardized construction of laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province in 2013].

Objective: To investigate the effect and current situation of the standardized construction of laboratories of schis- tosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province, so as to provide the evidence for establishing and improving the quality control system of diagnosis of schistosomiasis after the transmission of schistosomiasis was under control.

Methods: According to the procedures of self-examination, field operation, and laboratory on-site, five laboratories were assessed, and all the results were analyzed comparatively.

Results: The average number of staffs were (7.

[Reinfection of Schistosoma japonicum and related risk factors in Chinese: Meta-analysis].

Objective: To study the dynamics of the reinfection of Schistosoma japonicum and related risk factors among the people in schistosomiasis endemic areas in China.

Methods: Literature retrieval was conducted by using databases of PubMed, CNKI,VIP and Wanfang to collected all the data about the human re-infection of Schistosoma japonicum and related risk factors in the endemic areas in China. And a Mata-analysis was conducted on the literatures met the inclusion standards.

Spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal analysis of malaria in Hubei Province, China from 2004-2011.

Background: Malaria remains a public health concern in Hubei Province despite the significant decrease in malaria incidence over the past decades. Furthermore, history reveals that malaria transmission is unstable and prone to local outbreaks in Hubei Province. Thus, understanding spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal distribution of malaria is needed for the effective control and elimination of this disease in Hubei Province.

[Prediction of epidemic tendency of schistosomiasis with time-series model in Hubei Province].

Objective: To study the endemic trend of schistosomiasis japonica in Hubei Province, so as to provide the theoretical basis for surveillance and forecasting of schistosomiasis.

Methods: The time-series auto regression integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to fit the infection rate of residents of Hubei Province from 1987 to 2013, and to predict the short-term trend of infection rate.

Results: The actual values of infection rate of residents were all in the 95% confidence internals of value predicted by the ARIMA model.