Autologous transplantation of adrenal medulla in Parkinson's disease. 18-month results.

Eighteen of 19 patients who underwent autologous adrenal medullary transplantation to the right caudate nucleus have been followed up for 18 months. During the course of this study, a statistically significant improvement was noted in percent "on" time, percent "on" time without dyskinesia, activity of daily living (ADL) scores during the "on" stages, and ADL, motor, and Schwab-England scores during the "off" stages. Benefits tended to be maximal at 6 months and to gradually lessen thereafter, although statistically significant improvement in comparison with baseline was still present at 18 months for ADL, motor, and Hoehn-Yahr scores during the "off" stages.

Cellular immunity in species with variable rejection of vascularized grafts.

We studied the in vitro and in vivo cellular response in three distinctly different xenograft models, using C57BL/6 mice as responders and Lewis rats (LR), Golden Syrian hamsters (GSH), and Strain 2 guinea pigs (GP) as stimulators. Previous work has shown that cardiac grafts from rats, hamsters, and guinea pigs are rejected by C57BL/6 mice in 7 days, 4 days, and 10 min., respectively.

Receptor-mediated internalization of insulin requires a 12-amino acid sequence in the juxtamembrane region of the insulin receptor beta-subunit.

The juxtamembrane region of the insulin receptor (IR) beta-subunit contains an unphosphorylated tyrosyl residue (Tyr960) that is essential for insulin-stimulated tyrosyl phosphorylation of some endogenous substrates and certain biological responses (White, M.F., Livingston, J.

The insulin receptor with phenylalanine replacing tyrosine-1146 provides evidence for separate signals regulating cellular metabolism and growth.

We have studied the function of a mutant insulin receptor (IR) molecule in which Tyr-1146, one of the first autophosphorylation sites in the beta subunit, was replaced with phenylalanine (IRF1146). Autophosphorylation of the partially purified IRF1146 was reduced 60-70% when compared to the wild-type IR but was still stimulated by insulin. The phosphotransferase activity of the dephospho form of both the IR and IRF1146 toward exogenous substrates was stimulated 3- to 4-fold by insulin.

Comparison of in vivo and in vitro immune response to purified hepatocytes.

We have previously reported that freshly isolated percoll-purified hepatocytes are MHC class I+, Class II- and stimulate allospecific cytotoxicity in mixed lymphocyte hepatocyte culture. In this report we determined the immunogenicity of purified hepatocytes in vivo using a modification of the sponge matrix allograft model. We found that hepatocytes were immunogenic in vivo because they stimulated the development of cytolytic effectors in allogeneic but not syngeneic hepatocyte sponge matrix allografts.

Abscisic Acid Suppression of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Activity and mRNA, and Resistance of Soybeans to Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. glycinea.

Etiolated hypocotyls of the resistant soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) cultivar Harosoy 63 became susceptible to Phytophthora megasperma (Drechs.

Multicenter study of autologous adrenal medullary transplantation to the corpus striatum in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease.

In 19 patients with severe Parkinson's disease, we replicated the surgical procedures developed by Madrazo et al. for transplantation of the adrenal medulla to the striatum, and followed them for six months after operation. We monitored their motor function with the use of standardized scales and determined the amount and quality of "on" and "off" time (the hours of the waking day when the antiparkinsonian medications were effective and ineffective, respectively).

Sectional anatomy of the larynx: implications for the transcutaneous approach to endolaryngeal structures.

A transcutaneous, transcricothyroid membrane approach to endolaryngeal structures is used for several techniques such as placement of electrodes for laryngeal electromyography and transcutaneous Teflon injection of the paralyzed vocal fold. The purpose of this study is to examine the sectional anatomy of the larynx with respect to the cricothyroid membrane and describe a suitable transcutaneous approach to endolaryngeal structures. Sixteen whole organ cadaveric larynges were frozen in clear gelatin to facilitate sectioning.

Verapamil and chlorpromazine inhibit the budding of Sindbis and vesicular stomatitis viruses from infected chicken embryo fibroblasts.

Two agents, verapamil and chlorpromazine, which affect calcium levels in cells were tested as inhibitors of Sindbis and vesicular stomatitis virus replication in chicken embryo fibroblasts. At levels which did not greatly inhibit general protein synthesis, both drugs appeared to selectively block virus formation at the final stages of virus assembly and budding. Viral nucleoprotein synthesis and transport of viral glycoproteins to the cell plasma membrane were not inhibited under conditions that blocked virus particle release into the cell culture medium.

Afferent and efferent pathways in T cell responses to MHC class I+, II-hepatocytes.

We have previously reported that purified hepatocytes stimulate significant in vitro allospecific cytotoxicity when cocultured with naive responder splenocytes in the mixed lymphocyte hepatocyte culture (MLHC). In this report we examined the expression of MHC antigens on the surface of hepatocytes, the phenotypic lymphocyte subset(s) that respond(s) to allogeneic hepatocytes, and the phenotype of allospecific cytolytic effectors generated in MLHC. Hepatocytes expressed MHC class I but not MHC class II antigens by immunofluorescent microscopy and fluorescence activated cell sorting.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist: normal cross sectional imaging and selected abnormal cases.

Using a small surface coil and limited field of view, the authors have generated 13 contiguous, 3 mm, transverse sections of the wrist of a cadaver. The identity of the structures recorded has been established by subsequent dissection of the cadaver. The article presents the 13 MR sections together with drawings identifying the recorded structures at each level.

Obturator hernia.

Obturator hernias are relatively rare. In the past 15 years at the Mayo Clinic, eight patients underwent nine operations for repair of 11 obturator hernias, which represented 0.073 per cent (11 of 15,098) of all hernias repaired at this institution.

Couette membrane filtration with constant shear stress.

Recent developments in the field of blood component separation have revealed the usefulness of membrane filtration using couette type configurations and Taylor vortices as an efficient and effective method. The authors have analyzed in detail the physical and chemical effects on whole blood separated into protein rich plasma, and concentrated red blood cell suspensions, using this technique. The authors also have calculated and demonstrated the technical specifications required to provide laminar flow with Taylor Vortex formation throughout the device, as well as those required to retain constant shear stress on the blood components as viscosity changes.

Developmental changes in the extracellular matrix of the dental follicle during tooth eruption.

Eruption of the third and fourth mandibular premolars in the dog begins at 15 weeks of age, is dependent upon the dental follicle, and is complete by 23 weeks. Our study covered the period from 12 to 20 weeks, and revealed several changes in extracellular matrix structure and organization of the follicle which correlate with specific physiological events in eruption. First, the average DNA content per follicle reached a maximum at 14 weeks.

Anatomy of the sural nerve complex.

The anatomy of the sural nerve complex in 20 cadaveric limbs was determined by dissection. The nerve usually consists of four named components: the medial sural cutaneous nerve, the lateral sural cutaneous nerve, the peroneal communicating branch, and the sural nerve. In most instances (80%), the sural nerve is formed in the distal portion of the leg by the union of the medial sural cutaneous nerve and the peroneal communicating branch.