Choledochoduodenal fistula: An unusual cause of recurrent cholangitis in children.

Choledochoduodenal fistula (CDF) is an unusual clinical entity and a diagnostic challenge in children. We herein present CDF as an unusual cause of recurrent cholangitis in a 6-year-old child. To the best of our knowledge, this is the youngest patient reported until date.

The correlation between preputial blood flow and microvessel density in distal hypospadias: a prospective clinical study.

Objective: A prospective clinical study was designed to investigate the correlation between preputial blood flow (BF) and microvessel density (MVD).

Patients And Methods: A total of 44 children were included in the study. The hypospadias group consisted of 16 children undergoing distal hypospadias repair, and the control group consisted of 28 age-matched healthy children undergoing circumcision.

Effects of apple cider vinegars produced with different techniques on blood lipids in high-cholesterol-fed rats.

Red delicious apples were used to produce natural apple cider with and without inclusion of maceration. Traditional surface and industrial submersion methods were then applied to make vinegar from apple ciders. Apple cider vinegar samples produced with inclusion of maceration in the surface method had the highest total phenolic content, chlorogenic acid, ORAC, and TEAC levels.

Efficacy of lanolin and bovine type I collagen in the treatment of childhood anal fissures: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: We designed an open-labeled, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial to test the efficacy of topical lanolin ointment (PureLan) and bovine type I collagen spray (Gelfix) in the treatment of childhood anal fissures.

Methods: Seventy-one children with acute anal fissure were divided randomly into three groups: group I (control; n = 25), group II (PureLan; n = 28), and group III (Gelfix; n = 18). All children were assigned to have warm sitz baths, topical analgesic creams, and stool softeners.

The microvessel density of the hypospadiac prepuce in children.

Objective: The blood supply of the hypospadiac prepuce is crucial for success in surgery. Although the vascular anatomy of the hypospadiac prepuce has been previously documented, data on microvessel density are missing. It was aimed to document the microvessel density of the normal and hypospadiac prepuce.

A battered child case with duodenal perforation.

Battered child syndrome can refer to children exposed to harmful, non-accidental and preventable physical treatment by those are responsible for their care which prevents the child's physical, cognitive and spiritual development. A 28 months old boy was submitted to hospital due to abdominal blunt trauma. He had been firstly applied to Isparta Children Hospital by his parents with the complaint of fever.

The effect of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and L-arginine on lung injury induced by abdominal aortic occlusion-reperfusion.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and L-arginine on lung injury after aortic ischemia-reperfusion (IR).

Methods: Twenty-four Wistar-Albino rats were randomized into four groups (n = 6) as follows: Control (sham laparotomy), Aortic IR (30 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion), L-Arginine (intraperitoneal 100 mg kg(-1) live weight)+aortic IR, and L: -NAME (intraperitoneal 10 mg kg(-1) live weight)+aortic IR. In the lung specimens, the tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured and a histological examination was done.

The antioxidant effect of melatonin in lung injury after aortic occlusion-reperfusion.

Acute aortic occlusion with subsequent ischemia-reperfusion of the lower extremities is well known to predispose to lung injury. Melatonin (MEL), a pineal hormone, is a free radical scavenger and an antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to assess the putative protective role of MEL in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by aortic occlusion-reperfusion.

The use of recombinant activated factor VII in the circumcision operation in the case of a congenital factor VII deficiency.

Congenital factor VII deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive hemorrhagic disorder and surgery is normally the cause of excessive bleeding. In this report, we describe the first case with congenital factor VII deficiency admitted to our clinics for the sunnet operation (circumcision), in which recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa; NovoSeven) was used to manage the bleeding. The patient was an 8-year old boy with moderate factor VII deficiency (factor VII level, 4%), and rFVIIa was administered at a dose of 20 microg/kg per dose during the circumcision operation.

Gadolinium chloride attenuates aortic occlusion-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in rats.

Objective: Aortic ischemia and reperfusion periods, which are often associated with infrarenal abdominal aortic cross-clamping and declamping, cause injury in distant organs including the heart. We recently reported that Kupffer cell blockage with gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) attenuates lung injury induced by aortic ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Therefore, we hypothesized that GdCl3 may attenuate myocardial injury induced by aortic IR.

An unusual association of TAR syndrome with esophageal atresia: a variant?

Thrombocytopenia and absent radii (TAR) syndrome is a rare disorder. It may be associated with, for example, as cardiovascular, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, skeletal, neurological, ophthalmic, and facial anomalies. Esophageal atresia is also a rare anomaly associated with genitourinary, skeletal, and cardiovascular anomalies, among others.

Intestinal atresia with segmental musculature and neural defect.

Background/purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible etiologic factors of small bowel atresia and to detect the prognostic role of adequate resection and tapering in postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Methods: Intestinal resection specimens were obtained from 10 patients with jejunoileal atresia and 3 control subjects without any gastrointestinal disease. Intestinal specimens taken from 2-cm and 4-cm proximal sides of atresia, atretic segment, and 1-cm and 2-cm distal sides of atresia were stained with Masson trichrome and H&E.

Diameter of the infrarenal abdominal aorta in children with cerebral palsy.

The diameters of the infrarenal abdominal aorta by ultrasonography have not yet been reported in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Because the demand for the surgical applications of the abdominal aorta probably increases in the CP population owing to their prolonged life-span, we planned a study to assess the diameter of the infrarenal abdominal aorta by ultrasonography in children with CP and to compare them with those of healthy subjects. The study comprised 60 children with CP and 95 age- and sex-matched healthy children.

An unusual type of severe barotrauma owing to automobile tire biting in a child.

The authors report a rare case of a barotraumatic pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum associated with esophageal perforation and orbital emphysema. A 4-year-old boy presented with sudden respiratory distress after blowout of a defective tire that he bit. Computed tomography scan showed right pneumothorax and bilateral orbital emphysema.

Clinical experience of removing aerodigestive tract foreign bodies with rigid endoscopy in children.

Objectives: This study was undertaken to document the aerodigestive tract foreign body accidents among children, and to investigate the circumstances surrounding these events.

Methods: A review of the charts of pediatric patients admitted with the definitive or suspicious diagnosis of aerodigestive tract foreign bodies was carried out in the period between January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2002.

Results: There were 53 eligible children; 39 boys and 14 girls, with an age range of 7 months to 14 years.

Acute respiratory distress due to fibrosarcoma of the carina in a child.

We report a 12-year-old boy with primary bronchopulmonary fibrosarcoma (PBPF). He was misdiagnosed a having asthma until he presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chest x-ray showed atelectasis of the right lung.

Lung injury after aortic occlusion-reperfusion in rats: the role of gadolinium chloride.

Aortic ischemia-reperfusion (AIR) induced lung injury has already been documented. Kupffer cell blockage (KCB) with gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) has also been shown to attenuate remote organ damage caused by ischemia reperfusion. The present study was designed to examine the effect of GdCl3 in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by aortic occlusion.

The effects of human chorionic gonadotropin treatment on the contralateral side in unilateral testicular torsion.

Background/purpose: Unilateral testicular torsion can cause histologic damage, consisting of aspermatogenesis and tubular atrophy, in the contralateral testis human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) treatment is widely used in undescended testis, and has been shown to improve histomorphometric alterations beside the testicular descent. However, the role of HCG in testicular torsion has not been investigated before. Therefore, this experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effects of HCG treatment on contralateral testicular histology and function in unilateral testicular torsion.

The effects of unilateral testicular ischemia and hemicastration on contralateral testicular IGF-1 level, histology and lipid peroxidation.

Hemicastration is followed by compansatory hypertrophy whereas unilateral testicular torsion is followed by atrophy in contralateral testicle in rats. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) has important roles in testicular paracrine and autocrine functions. In this study it was aimed to compare ischemic parameters and IGF-1 levels in the contralateral testicle in unilateral spermatic cord ligation, testicular torsion, and hemicastratron.

Splenectomy attenuates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury.

Background/purpose: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR) induced acute lung injury (ALI) has been documented. Kupffer cell blockage with gadolinium chloride (GdCl(3)) has been shown to attenuate IIR-induced ALI. However, the effects of splenic monocytes/macrophages on IIR-induced ALI has not been studied previously.