Several gut peptides have been implicated in feeding and body mass accumulation. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY) have been shown to mediate satiety and reduce food intake. While systemic administration of such peptides has been explored as a therapy for metabolic disease, the effects of these hormones on taste signaling should also be considered given the importance of taste to feeding decisions and considering the fact that components of these signaling systems are expressed in cells of the peripheral gustatory system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLectins are a heterogeneous group of carbohydrate-binding proteins that vary in size, structure, molecular organization, and binding patterns. They evoke diverse biological responses by specifically binding to cell surface glycans and function as recognition molecules. In this study, a lectin from the fruit of Phyllanthus reticulatus was purified using mucin-affinity chromatography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe advent of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in 2020 marked a disruptive event in managing type 1 diabetes, benefiting children and adults alike. By 2024, advances in real-world data and research motivated an update to the French consensus on AID systems to expand accessibility, refine guidelines, and optimize patient follow-up. AID systems have consistently improved glycemic control by reducing HbA1c, increasing time-in-range (TIR), and minimizing hypoglycemia, with significant benefits even for specific populations such as individuals with poor glycemic control, brittle diabetes, children, very young children, pregnant women, those with insulin resistance or gastroparesis, or after bariatric surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The recrudescence of Varicella Zoster Virus in the head and neck region often manifests as Ramsay Hunt Syndrome, characterised by facial nerve palsy, vesicular rash in the distribution of facial nerve and neuralgia. Rarely it causes cranial polyneuropathy (CP). We present a case of herpes zoster with CP, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and management in a resource-limited setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, numerous genetic variants have been linked with prelingual hearing loss (HL). Variants in the LOXHD1 gene (lipoxygenase homology domain-1) associated with DFNB77 are highly heterogeneous, with different auditory characteristics varying from stable to progressive and mild to profound. To date, 168 DFNB77 cases have been recorded worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
February 2025
Background: Nasal myiasis, an infestation by fly larvae, is a rare condition typically associated with immunocompromised individuals, poor hygiene, and low socioeconomic status. It is commonly seen in tropical regions and is often linked to chronic sinonasal diseases or underlying health conditions. However, cases in healthy individuals without predisposing factors are uncommon, making this case novel and worthy of documentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRice is a vital staple crop globally, and accurate estimation of rice area was crucial for effective agricultural management and food security. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data has emerged as a valuable remote sensing tool for rice area estimation due to its ability to penetrate cloud cover and capture backscattered signals from rice fields. The backscatter signature of rice showed a minimum dB value at agronomic flooding indicating the Start of Season (SoS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe problem of peer selection in peer-to-peer (P2P) video content distribution network is significant to solve since it affects the performance and efficiency of the network widely. In this article, a novel framework is introduced that uses fuzzy linear programming (FLP) to address the inherent uncertainties in peer selection. The primary motivation for the use of FLP lies in its capability to handle the imprecision and vagueness that are characteristic of dynamic P2P environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground The Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) curriculum was introduced by the Medical Council of India in 2019 to enhance the quality of Indian medical graduates (IMGs). Its goal is to produce IMGs who possess the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values needed to serve as competent community physicians while remaining globally relevant. The curriculum incorporates new elements and refined assessment methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScene classification plays a vital role in various computer vision applications, but building deep learning models from scratch is a very time-intensive process. Transfer learning is an excellent classification method using the predefined model. In our proposed work, we introduce a novel method of multimodal feature extraction and a feature selection technique to improve the efficiency of transfer learning in scene classification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The term "end-of-life" care refers to the physical, social, spiritual, and emotional assistance provided to people near the end of their lives. Throughout history, gender has profoundly impacted many of the decisions people make. Studies have shown an increased demand for palliative care worldwide, which varies significantly among low-and middle-income countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Radiat Isot
February 2025
Radon progeny are the major contributor to inhalation dose to humans from natural sources of radiation. In addition, they are also used as tracers to study atmospheric phenomena. This makes it important to study the behaviour of Radon Progeny in both indoor and outdoor environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Pune, western India, was earlier identified as hyperendemic for hepatitis A. Subsequently, we noted age and socio-economic status-dependent reduction in hepatitis A virus (HAV) prevalence. To assess the situation in different parts of India, this multicentric, hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in four metropolitan cities in the northern/southern/eastern/western regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNocardial peritonitis is rare and difficult to diagnose and treat in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Nocardia-related PD peritonitis has high mortality. There is not much data on the reinsertion of peritoneal dialysis catheters after PD peritonitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
March 2025
Inflammatory lung diseases (ILDs) such as asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COVID-19, cystic fibrosis, and lung cancer impose a substantial worldwide healthcare impact. The pathophysiology of these disorders is primarily influenced by the involvement of neutrophils, which are crucial triggers in the natural immune reaction. Neutrophils participate in pulmonary inflammation and tissue destruction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA high-performance CuCo(OH)/CNT/MoS composite electrocatalyst was synthesized by rapid co-precipitation. This bifunctional material exhibits exceptional electrochemical properties, achieving low overpotentials of 65 mV (OER) and 211 mV (HER) at , with Tafel slopes of 96 mV dec and 110 mV dec. Notably, CuCo(OH)/CNT/MoS demonstrates remarkable durability, sustaining its activity for more than 40 hours in alkaline and 25 hours in acidic media, accompanied by minimal charge transfer resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbusive head trauma (AHT) has been defined as an injury to the skull or intracranial contents of a baby or young child (age less than five years) due to inflicted blunt impact and/or forceful shaking. It has a substantial impact, such as blindness and severe developmental delay in the short and long run. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar databases for articles published between January 2001 and December 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2024
Robot-assisted surgical systems have shown promising results and better patient outcomes in pedicle screw instrumentation and percutaneous needle interventions. Many commercial robotic assistance systems are available for the aforementioned procedures. However, there is only limited literature on robotic spinal injection and needle delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2024
A novel approach to kidney tumor identification is introduced, which integrates kidney tumor classification and segmentation algorithms. The multi-faceted approach commences with the classification of kidney images, adaptly discerning between normal and tumor instances. For individuals identified as tumor-positive, a sophisticated UNet-based architecture is intricately employed to achieve precise segmentation, capturing nuanced details of both kidney and tumor regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo enhance the integration of diverse non-navigated instruments and implants with Image-Guided Spine Surgery (IGSS) systems and address the challenges of closed-implant and line-of-sight issues with existing navigation adaptors, we developed a Universal Accessory (UA) featuring a radially symmetrical collet chuck mechanism. Utilizing SS 17-4 PH and Al 6061-T6 materials, the UA meets clinical criteria such as durability, sterilization compatibility, and biocompatibility. The UA's performance was thoroughly tested using an Optical Tracking System (OTS), a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), and a spine training model involving surgeons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2024
Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is one of the established markers of aortic arterial stiffness with proven predictive capability for adverse cardiovascular events. Despite a large body of clinical evidence, cfPWV is not routinely assessed in clinical practice nor used for ambulatory or self-monitoring, as it requires access to the femoral site, which leads to poor subject compliance for the assessment. Heart-carotid PWV (hcPWV) is a potential alternative for measuring aortic arterial stiffness in settings where cf-PWV is challenging to measure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2024
In this paper, we propose an innovative Graphical User Interface (GUI) aimed at improving preoperative planning and intra-operative guidance for precise spinal screw placement through vertebrae segmentation. The methodology encompasses both front-end and back-end computations. The front end comprises a GUI that allows surgeons to precisely adjust the placement of screws on X-Ray images, thereby improving the simulation of surgical screw insertion in the patient's spine.
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