Exogenous oral application of PYY and exendin-4 impacts upon taste-related behavior and taste perception in wild-type mice.

Several gut peptides have been implicated in feeding and body mass accumulation. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY) have been shown to mediate satiety and reduce food intake. While systemic administration of such peptides has been explored as a therapy for metabolic disease, the effects of these hormones on taste signaling should also be considered given the importance of taste to feeding decisions and considering the fact that components of these signaling systems are expressed in cells of the peripheral gustatory system.

Purification and characterization of lectin from Phyllanthus reticulatus (PRL) plant fruit inducing cytotoxic effect on T47D and SKBR3 breast cancer cell lines.

Lectins are a heterogeneous group of carbohydrate-binding proteins that vary in size, structure, molecular organization, and binding patterns. They evoke diverse biological responses by specifically binding to cell surface glycans and function as recognition molecules. In this study, a lectin from the fruit of Phyllanthus reticulatus was purified using mucin-affinity chromatography.

Practical implementation of automated insulin delivery systems in 2025: A French position statement update.

The advent of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in 2020 marked a disruptive event in managing type 1 diabetes, benefiting children and adults alike. By 2024, advances in real-world data and research motivated an update to the French consensus on AID systems to expand accessibility, refine guidelines, and optimize patient follow-up. AID systems have consistently improved glycemic control by reducing HbA1c, increasing time-in-range (TIR), and minimizing hypoglycemia, with significant benefits even for specific populations such as individuals with poor glycemic control, brittle diabetes, children, very young children, pregnant women, those with insulin resistance or gastroparesis, or after bariatric surgery.

Elderly Female with Cranial Polyneuropathy.

Unlabelled: The recrudescence of Varicella Zoster Virus in the head and neck region often manifests as Ramsay Hunt Syndrome, characterised by facial nerve palsy, vesicular rash in the distribution of facial nerve and neuralgia. Rarely it causes cranial polyneuropathy (CP). We present a case of herpes zoster with CP, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and management in a resource-limited setting.

Clinical Exome Sequencing Identifies, Two Homozygous LOXHD1 Variants in Two Inbred Families With Pre-Lingual Hearing Loss From South India.

In recent years, numerous genetic variants have been linked with prelingual hearing loss (HL). Variants in the LOXHD1 gene (lipoxygenase homology domain-1) associated with DFNB77 are highly heterogeneous, with different auditory characteristics varying from stable to progressive and mild to profound. To date, 168 DFNB77 cases have been recorded worldwide.

Unusual Presentation of Nasal Myiasis in Immunocompetent Young Individual: Case Report.

Background: Nasal myiasis, an infestation by fly larvae, is a rare condition typically associated with immunocompromised individuals, poor hygiene, and low socioeconomic status. It is commonly seen in tropical regions and is often linked to chronic sinonasal diseases or underlying health conditions. However, cases in healthy individuals without predisposing factors are uncommon, making this case novel and worthy of documentation.

Time series analysis of Sentinel 1 A SAR data to retrieve annual rice area maps and long-term dynamics of start of season.

Rice is a vital staple crop globally, and accurate estimation of rice area was crucial for effective agricultural management and food security. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data has emerged as a valuable remote sensing tool for rice area estimation due to its ability to penetrate cloud cover and capture backscattered signals from rice fields. The backscatter signature of rice showed a minimum dB value at agronomic flooding indicating the Start of Season (SoS).

An optimal peer selection for peer-to-peer video content distribution using fuzzy linear programming approach.

The problem of peer selection in peer-to-peer (P2P) video content distribution network is significant to solve since it affects the performance and efficiency of the network widely. In this article, a novel framework is introduced that uses fuzzy linear programming (FLP) to address the inherent uncertainties in peer selection. The primary motivation for the use of FLP lies in its capability to handle the imprecision and vagueness that are characteristic of dynamic P2P environments.

Challenges in Implementing the Competency-Based Medical Education Curriculum in Pharmacology: Impact of Shortened Duration and Reduced Teaching Hours.

Background The Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) curriculum was introduced by the Medical Council of India in 2019 to enhance the quality of Indian medical graduates (IMGs). Its goal is to produce IMGs who possess the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values needed to serve as competent community physicians while remaining globally relevant. The curriculum incorporates new elements and refined assessment methods.

Optimizing multimodal scene recognition through relevant feature selection approach for scene classification.

Scene classification plays a vital role in various computer vision applications, but building deep learning models from scratch is a very time-intensive process. Transfer learning is an excellent classification method using the predefined model. In our proposed work, we introduce a novel method of multimodal feature extraction and a feature selection technique to improve the efficiency of transfer learning in scene classification.

Gender disparities in end-of-life care: A scoping review of patient, caregiver and care provider perspectives in low-and middle-income countries.

Background: The term "end-of-life" care refers to the physical, social, spiritual, and emotional assistance provided to people near the end of their lives. Throughout history, gender has profoundly impacted many of the decisions people make. Studies have shown an increased demand for palliative care worldwide, which varies significantly among low-and middle-income countries.

Radon progeny: Behaviour and influencing factors in indoor and outdoor environment.

Radon progeny are the major contributor to inhalation dose to humans from natural sources of radiation. In addition, they are also used as tracers to study atmospheric phenomena. This makes it important to study the behaviour of Radon Progeny in both indoor and outdoor environment.

Age-stratified prevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus antibodies in four metropolitan Indian cities and recent changes in Pune city.

Background And Objectives: Pune, western India, was earlier identified as hyperendemic for hepatitis A. Subsequently, we noted age and socio-economic status-dependent reduction in hepatitis A virus (HAV) prevalence. To assess the situation in different parts of India, this multicentric, hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in four metropolitan cities in the northern/southern/eastern/western regions.

Reinsertion of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter in a Patient With Nocardial Peritonitis and Tunnel Abscess.

Nocardial peritonitis is rare and difficult to diagnose and treat in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Nocardia-related PD peritonitis has high mortality. There is not much data on the reinsertion of peritoneal dialysis catheters after PD peritonitis.

Targeting CXCR2 signaling in inflammatory lung diseases: neutrophil-driven inflammation and emerging therapies.

Inflammatory lung diseases (ILDs) such as asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COVID-19, cystic fibrosis, and lung cancer impose a substantial worldwide healthcare impact. The pathophysiology of these disorders is primarily influenced by the involvement of neutrophils, which are crucial triggers in the natural immune reaction. Neutrophils participate in pulmonary inflammation and tissue destruction.

A step towards efficient water splitting: a high-performance CuCo(OH)/CNT/MoS electrocatalyst.

A high-performance CuCo(OH)/CNT/MoS composite electrocatalyst was synthesized by rapid co-precipitation. This bifunctional material exhibits exceptional electrochemical properties, achieving low overpotentials of 65 mV (OER) and 211 mV (HER) at , with Tafel slopes of 96 mV dec and 110 mV dec. Notably, CuCo(OH)/CNT/MoS demonstrates remarkable durability, sustaining its activity for more than 40 hours in alkaline and 25 hours in acidic media, accompanied by minimal charge transfer resistance.

A Systematic Review of Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma: What a Surgeon Needs to Know Before Using a Knife.

Abusive head trauma (AHT) has been defined as an injury to the skull or intracranial contents of a baby or young child (age less than five years) due to inflicted blunt impact and/or forceful shaking. It has a substantial impact, such as blindness and severe developmental delay in the short and long run. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar databases for articles published between January 2001 and December 2021.

Robotic Assistance for Precise Spinal Injections: Development and Clinical Verification.

Robot-assisted surgical systems have shown promising results and better patient outcomes in pedicle screw instrumentation and percutaneous needle interventions. Many commercial robotic assistance systems are available for the aforementioned procedures. However, there is only limited literature on robotic spinal injection and needle delivery.

Efficient Kidney Tumor Classification and Segmentation with U-Net.

A novel approach to kidney tumor identification is introduced, which integrates kidney tumor classification and segmentation algorithms. The multi-faceted approach commences with the classification of kidney images, adaptly discerning between normal and tumor instances. For individuals identified as tumor-positive, a sophisticated UNet-based architecture is intricately employed to achieve precise segmentation, capturing nuanced details of both kidney and tumor regions.

Design and Development of a Universal Accessory for Instruments and Implants Navigation in Image-Guided Spine Surgeries.

To enhance the integration of diverse non-navigated instruments and implants with Image-Guided Spine Surgery (IGSS) systems and address the challenges of closed-implant and line-of-sight issues with existing navigation adaptors, we developed a Universal Accessory (UA) featuring a radially symmetrical collet chuck mechanism. Utilizing SS 17-4 PH and Al 6061-T6 materials, the UA meets clinical criteria such as durability, sterilization compatibility, and biocompatibility. The UA's performance was thoroughly tested using an Optical Tracking System (OTS), a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), and a spine training model involving surgeons.

Heart-Carotid Pulse Wave Velocity for Non-invasive Vascular Stiffness Assessment: A Feasibility Study.

Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is one of the established markers of aortic arterial stiffness with proven predictive capability for adverse cardiovascular events. Despite a large body of clinical evidence, cfPWV is not routinely assessed in clinical practice nor used for ambulatory or self-monitoring, as it requires access to the femoral site, which leads to poor subject compliance for the assessment. Heart-carotid PWV (hcPWV) is a potential alternative for measuring aortic arterial stiffness in settings where cf-PWV is challenging to measure.

Spine Vision - X-Ray Image based GUI Planning of Pedicle Screws Using Enhanced YOLOv5 for Vertebrae Segmentation.

In this paper, we propose an innovative Graphical User Interface (GUI) aimed at improving preoperative planning and intra-operative guidance for precise spinal screw placement through vertebrae segmentation. The methodology encompasses both front-end and back-end computations. The front end comprises a GUI that allows surgeons to precisely adjust the placement of screws on X-Ray images, thereby improving the simulation of surgical screw insertion in the patient's spine.