Role of high-dose amoxicillin dual therapy for eradication in an Irish cohort: A prospective study.

() infections may cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancers, and other conditions outside of the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, it is important to diagnose and treat it early. is resistant to certain drugs in traditional eradication therapy, so alternative therapy protocols are needed, such as high-dose amoxicillin dual therapy (HDADT).

Global protein sustainability and the United Nations, through to the 2030 agenda.

Organizations and initiatives concerned with food security and nutrition have long positioned protein, together with dietary energy, as the keystone for life itself. Indeed, the word protein, derived from the Greek , means 'of primary importance'. There is a long history of attention to, and controversies over, proteins in UN processes, beginning in the 1930s and continuing to this day.

New Insight into the genotype-phenotype correlation of PTH1R variants and primary failure of tooth eruption on an Italian Cohort.

Primary failure of tooth eruption (PFE) is an autosomal dominant disease with penetrance defect. While the clinical phenotype is relatively well-defined since the 70 s of the last centuries, much more need to be clarified about the genetic causes of this condition. In our previous paper we established clinical criteria to better identify PFE patients carrying PTH1R gene variants.

TLR2 and TLR4 Are Expressed in Epiretinal Membranes: Possible Links with Vitreous Levels of Complement Fragments and DAMP-Related Proteins.

Previous studies reported the expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs), merely TLR2 and TLR4, and complement fragments (C3a, C5b9) in vitreoretinal disorders. Other than pathogens, TLRs can recognize endogenous products of tissue remodeling as damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs). The aim of this study was to confirm the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the fibrocellular membranes and vitreal fluids (soluble TLRs) of patients suffering of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and assess their association with disease severity, complement fragments and inflammatory profiles.

prolyl endopeptidase in celiac disease.

We comment here on the article by Stefanolo entitled "Effect of prolyl endopeptidase in patients with celiac disease on a long-term gluten-free diet", published in the . Celiac disease is a well-recognized systemic autoimmune disorder. In genetically susceptible people, the most evident damage is located in the small intestine, and is caused and worsened by the ingestion of gluten.

SARS-CoV-2-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: Autopsy Findings, Histopathology, and Evaluation of Viral RNA and ACE2 Expression in Olfactory Bulbs.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a health emergency with a significant impact on the world due to its high infectiousness. The disease, primarily identified in the lower respiratory tract, develops with numerous clinical symptoms affecting multiple organs and displays a clinical finding of anosmia. Several authors have investigated the pathogenetic mechanisms of the olfactory disturbances caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, proposing different hypotheses and showing contradictory results.

What Is Hidden in Patients with Unknown Nephropathy? Genetic Screening Could Be the Missing Link in Kidney Transplantation Diagnosis and Management.

Between 15-20% of patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) do not know the cause of the primary kidney disease and can develop complications after kidney transplantation. We performed a genetic screening in 300 patients with kidney transplantation, or undiagnosed primary renal disease, in order to identify the primary disease cause and discriminate between overlapping phenotypes. We used a custom-made panel for next-generation sequencing (Agilent technology, Santa Clara, CA, USA), including genes associated with Fabry disease, podocytopaties, complement-mediated nephropathies and Alport syndrome-related diseases.

Beneficial effects of recombinant CER-001 high-density lipoprotein infusion in sepsis: results from a bench to bedside translational research project.

Background: Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated immune response and metabolic alterations, including decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. HDL exhibits beneficial properties, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) scavenging, exerting anti-inflammatory effects and providing endothelial protection. We investigated the effects of CER-001, an engineered HDL-mimetic, in a swine model of LPS-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and a Phase 2a clinical trial, aiming to better understand its molecular basis in systemic inflammation and renal function.

Might Gut Microbiota Be a Target for a Personalized Therapeutic Approach in Patients Affected by Atherosclerosis Disease?

In recent years, the increasing number of studies on the relationship between the gut microbiota and atherosclerosis have led to significant interest in this subject. The gut microbiota, its metabolites (metabolome), such as TMAO, and gut dysbiosis play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, inflammation, originating from the intestinal tract, adds yet another mechanism by which the human ecosystem is disrupted, resulting in the manifestation of metabolic diseases and, by extension, cardiovascular diseases.

Biomarker Signature in Aqueous Humor Mirrors Lens Epithelial Cell Activation: New Biomolecular Aspects from Cataractogenic Myopia.

Inflammatory, vasculogenic, and profibrogenic factors have been previously reported in vitreous (VH) and aqueous (AH) humors in myopic patients who underwent cataract surgery. In light of this, we selected some mediators for AH and anterior-capsule-bearing lens epithelial cell (AC/LEC) analysis, and AH expression was correlated with LEC activation (epithelial-mesenchymal transition and EMT differentiation) and axial length (AL) elongation. In this study, AH (97; 41M/56F) and AC/LEC samples (78; 35M/43F) were collected from 102 patients who underwent surgery, and biosamples were grouped according to AL elongation.

Primary Thyroid Lymphoma: How Molecular Biology and Ancillary Techniques Can Help the Cytopathologist Overcome This Diagnostic Challenge.

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) occurs rarely, its diagnosis is a challenge, and the prognosis of these patients depends on the time of diagnosis. Even though fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is recognized as the most accurate tool for detecting thyroid malignancies, its sensitivity for PTL is poor. Both clinical and ultrasound presentation of PTL can be atypical, and laboratory tests fail to furnish relevant data.

Exfoliative Cytology and Genetic Analysis for a Non-Invasive Approach to the Diagnosis of White Sponge Nevus: Case Series.

Background: White Sponge Nevus (WSN) is a rare benign disorder associated with mutations in genes coding for cytokeratin 4 (KRT4) and 13 (KRT13) characterized by dyskeratotic hyperplasia of mucous membranes. This study was aimed at examining different approaches (cytology, pathology and genetic analysis) to WSN diagnosis.

Methods: A series of four patients with asymptomatic white diffuse oral lesions were evaluated and, before performing an incisional biopsy for pathology, an oral brush Thin Prep was collected for exfoliative liquid-based cytology (LBC).

Concurrence of water and food insecurities, 25 low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: To investigate how water and food insecurity were associated in nationally representative samples of individuals from 25 low- and middle-income countries.

Methods: We used data from the 2020 World Gallup Poll in which the Individual Water Insecurity Experiences Scale and the Food Insecurity Experience Scale had been administered to 31 755 respondents. These scales measure insecurity experiences in the previous 12 months.

Association between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Periodontal Bacteria: A Clinical Pilot Study.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by microorganisms involving the supporting tissues of the teeth. Gene variants may influence both the composition of the biofilm in the oral cavity and the host response. The objective of the study was to investigate the potential correlations between the disease susceptibility, the presence and the quantity of periodontopathogenic oral bacterial composition and the VDR gene polymorphisms.

Could Small Neurotoxins-Peptides be Expressed during SARS-CoV-2 Infection?

SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis has been recently extended to human central nervous system (CNS), in addition to nasopharyngeal truck, eye, lung and gut. The recent literature highlights that some SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein regions homologous to neurotoxin-like peptides might bind to human nicotinic Acetyl-Choline Receptors (nAChRs). Spike-nAChR interaction can probably cause dysregulation of CNS and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways and uncontrolled immune-response, both associated to a severe COVID-19 pathophysiology.

SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination in Italian health care workers: a case report.

Following the approval of COVID-19 vaccination program by EMA and national authorities, an immunization campaign started in Italy with BNT162b2mRNA vaccine, initially focused on healthcare workers. The active immunization was monitored by systemic antibody titration and continuous surveillance was guaranteed by antigenic/molecular tests on swabs. Cases of infection have been recently observed in vaccinated healthcare workers.

Comment on Kopańska et al. Disorders of the Cholinergic System in COVID-19 Era-A Review of the Latest Research. 2022, , 672.

We read the recent review article by Marta Kopańska et al. [..

Feasibility analysis of an ultrasound on line diagnostic approach for oral and bone surgery.

During implant surgery procedures, surgical precision is an essential prerequisite for the functional and aesthetic success of the prosthetic crown to be placed on the dental implant. A modern implant surgical approach should be standardized as much as possible to guarantee extreme precision in the insertion of the implant into the upper and lower bone jaws. Among the most common surgical errors during implant surgery there is the over-preparation of the surgical alveolus with possible damage to the contiguous anatomical structures.

Validating clinical characteristic of primary failure of eruption (PFE) associated with PTH1R variants.

Background: Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a hereditary condition, and linkage with variants in the PTH1R gene has been demonstrated in many cases. The clinical severity and expression of PFE is variable, and the genotype-phenotype correlation remains elusive. Further, the similarity between some eruption disorders that are not associated with PTH1R alterations is striking.

An Italian Model for the Management of Cancer Patients during COVID-19 Pandemic: The Regional Center for Oncological Orientation (COrO) of Taranto (ROP).

Objective: The recent outbreak of COVID-19 limited the resources of the National Health System necessitating the formulation of novel practice recommendations for oncological care. To date, management guidelines for cancer patients in case of pandemic are not available. Each center tried to manage its own needs and requests independently, often reducing access to treatment and diagnostic exams to patients.

Phacoemulsification and nucleic acid-enriched aerosol: considerations from an eye model of cataract simulation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether phacoemulsification can generate aerosolized single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and retain sequence integrity using an artificial eye model for experimental cataract surgery.

Methods: A simulation of cataract surgery was performed using an anterior chamber eye model filled with an ssRNA probe at different scalar dilutions (kanamycin positive control ssRNA). A plastic conical cage was built over the artificial eye surface of the mock-up.

Angiotensin System Polymorphisms' in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients: Assessment Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), a metabolic cascade regulating pressure and circulating blood volume, has been considered the main system involved in the pathogenesis of severe lung injury and organs decline in COVID-19 patients. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (), angiotensinogen (AGT) and receptors angiotensin II receptor type 1 () are key factors for SARS-CoV-2 entering in the cells, sodium and water retention with an increase blood pressure, promotion of fibrotic and inflammatory phenomena resulting in a cytokine storm.

Methods: In this pilot study, the frequencies of six polymorphisms in the and genes were analysed in symptomatic patients affected by COVID-19 and compared with the results obtained from asymptomatic subjects.