Rescue of mitochondrial dysfunction through alteration of extracellular matrix composition in barth syndrome cardiac fibroblasts.

Fibroblast-ECM (dys)regulation is associated with a plethora of diseases. The ECM acts as a reservoir of inflammatory factors and cytokines that mediate molecular mechanisms within cardiac cell populations. The role of ECM-mitochondria crosstalk in the development and progression of cardiac disorders remains uncertain.

Manual therapy and exercise effects on inflammatory cytokines: a narrative overview.

Background: Matching disease and treatment mechanisms is a goal of the Precision Medicine Initiative. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g.

The Surgical Management of NCAA Division 1 College Football Injuries Post COVID-19: A Single Institution Retrospective Review.

Cohen, JL, Cade, WH, Harrah, TC, Costello II, JP, and Kaplan, LD. The surgical management of NCAA Division 1 college football injuries post COVID-19: A single institution retrospective review. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 906-911, 2024-The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on college football operations, including athletes' training regimens.

Feasibility of a community-based structured exercise program for persons with spinal cord injury.

Objectives: (1) Examine the feasibility of a community-based exercise intervention for persons with spinal cord injury and (2) compare the cardiorespiratory fitness, skeletal muscle strength, and psychosocial well-being of participants in the intervention group versus control group.

Design: Community-based pilot randomized controlled trial. : Accessible community-based health and wellness center.

One episode of low intensity aerobic exercise prior to systemic AAV9 administration augments transgene delivery to the heart and skeletal muscle.

Introduction: The promising potential of adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene delivery strategies to treat genetic disorders continues to grow with an additional three AAV-based therapies recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration and dozens of others currently under evaluation in clinical trials. With these developments, it has become increasingly apparent that the high doses currently needed for efficacy carry risks of toxicity and entail enormous manufacturing costs, especially for clinical grade products. Strategies to increase the therapeutic efficacy of AAV-mediated gene delivery and reduce the minimal effective dose would have a substantial impact on this field.

Elevated liver glycogenolysis mediates higher blood glucose during acute exercise in Barth syndrome.

Unlabelled: Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder due to mutations in the Tafazzin (TAFAZZIN) gene that lead to cardiac and skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction. Previous studies in humans with BTHS demonstrate that the defects in muscle mitochondrial oxidative metabolism result in an enhanced reliance on anaerobic metabolism during exercise to meet energy demands of muscular work. During exercise, the liver normally increases glucose production via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to match the elevated rate of muscle glucose uptake and meet the ATP requirements of working muscle.

Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function During Early and Late Pregnancy in Women With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: To evaluate the metabolic alterations associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with overweight or obesity.

Research Design And Methods: We compared fasting and postprandial plasma glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations, insulin sensitivity (IS; Matsuda index), and β-cell function (i.e.

A Regional Analysis of Hospital Readmissions Following Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty and the Impact of Medicaid Expansion.

The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) works to temper nationally rising readmission rates. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) have a 30-day readmission cost burden of $889,300 and $689,400, respectively. No research has compared TKA and THA readmission rates by region and Medicaid expansion status.

Exercise Training to Improve Brain Health in Older People Living With HIV: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: With the advent of antiretrovirals, people living with HIV are living near-normal lifespans. However, people living with HIV are at greater risk of experiencing cognitive impairment and reduced brain integrity despite well-controlled viremia. A robust literature supports exercise interventions as a method of improving cognition and structural brain integrity in older individuals without HIV.

Effect of excessive gestational weight gain on insulin sensitivity and insulin kinetics in women with overweight/obesity.

Objective: Obesity increases the risk for pregnancy complications and maternal hyperglycemia. The Institute of Medicine developed guidelines for gestational weight gain (GWG) targets for women with overweight/obesity, but it is unclear whether exceeding these targets has adverse effects on maternal glucose metabolism.

Methods: Insulin sensitivity (assessed using the Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index), β-cell function (assessed as insulin secretion rate in relation to plasma glucose), and plasma insulin clearance rate were evaluated using a frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance test at 15 and 35 weeks of gestation in 184 socioeconomically disadvantaged African American women with overweight/obesity.

Worksite-based intensive lifestyle therapy has profound cardiometabolic benefits in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Lifestyle therapy (energy restriction and exercise) is the cornerstone of therapy for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) but is difficult to implement. We conducted an 8-month randomized controlled trial in persons with obesity and T2D (17 women and 1 man) to determine the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of intensive lifestyle therapy on cardiometabolic function. Intensive lifestyle therapy was conducted at the worksite to enhance compliance and resulted in marked (17%) weight loss and beneficial changes in body fat mass, intrahepatic triglyceride content, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, glycemic control, β cell function, and multi-organ insulin sensitivity, which were associated with changes in muscle NAD biosynthesis, sirtuin signaling, and mitochondrial function and in adipose tissue remodeling.

Matrix produced by diseased cardiac fibroblasts affects early myotube formation and function.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides both physical and chemical cues that dictate cell function and contribute to muscle maintenance. Muscle cells require efficient mitochondria to satisfy their high energy demand, however, the role the ECM plays in moderating mitochondrial function is not clear. We hypothesized that the ECM produced by stromal cells with mitochondrial dysfunction (Barth syndrome, BTHS) provides cues that contribute to metabolic dysfunction independent of muscle cell health.

Medicaid insured persons with diabetes have increased proportion of missed appointments and high HbA1c.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate whether the type of insurance coverage is associated with missed appointments and to evaluate the effect of missed appointments on diabetes control.

Methods: All patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) managed at a major academic medical center between Jan 2015 and Dec 2020 were included in analysis. Association between insurance coverage and the proportion of missed appointments was evaluated with adjustments for demographic variables and social determinants of health.

High rates of undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension upon a screening campaign in rural Rwanda: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Hypertension remains the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide with a prevalence and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) among the highest. The early detection of hypertension risk factors is a crucial pillar for CVD prevention.

Design And Method: This cross-sectional study included 4284 subjects, mean age 46 ± 16SD, 56.

Validity of the 6-Minute Walk Test and YMCA Submaximal Cycle Test During Midpregnancy.

Tinius, RA, Blankenship, M, Maples, JM, Pitts, BC, Furgal, K, Norris, ES, Hoover, DL, Olenick, A, Lambert, J, and Cade, WT. Validity of the 6-minute walk test and Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) submaximal cycle test during midpregnancy. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3236-3242, 2021-Submaximal exercise testing can be a feasible alternative to maximal testing within special populations to safely predict fitness levels; however, submaximal exercise testing has not been well-validated for use during pregnancy.

Longitudinal Observational Study of Cardiac Outcome Risk Factor Prediction in Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Barth Syndrome.

Barth Syndrome (BTHS) is an X-linked mitochondrial cardioskeletal myopathy caused by defects in TAFAZZIN, a gene responsible for cardiolipin remodeling. Altered mitochondrial levels of cardiolipin lead to cardiomyopathy (CM), muscle weakness, exercise intolerance, and mortality. Cardiac risk factors predicting outcome are unknown.

Intraindividual Fluctuations in Sleep Predict Subsequent Goal Setting in Adolescents.

The purpose of this study was to investigate within- and between-person associations between sleep and subsequent goal setting in adolescents. We conducted an intensive repeated measures longitudinal study to assess intra- and inter-individual associations between sleep and goal setting and potential moderators of such associations. Thirty-nine seventh through 12th graders reported on their sleep quality and propensity to set goals in their daily lives several times per week for approximately four months.

ADHD Prescription Medications and Their Effect on Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Stimulant medications used for the treatment of Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are believed to provide a physical advantage in athletics, but several of these medications are not regulated by the World Anti-Doping Association. Given the prevalence of ADHD among the athlete population and concern for abuse of ADHD medications, this review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate effects of ADHD medications on athletic performance, thereby appraising the validity of claims of performance enhancement.

Methods: A search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Review databases was performed for all randomized controlled trials evaluating athletic performance after ingestion of placebo or ADHD treatment medications from August 2020 through November 2020.

Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Associated With Better White Matter Integrity in Persons Living With HIV.

Background: Despite improved survival rates, neurocognitive impairment persists in persons living with HIV (PLWH). An active lifestyle is linked to improved cognition among PLWH, yet the neural substrates remain unclear. Diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion basis spectrum imaging measure HIV-related changes in brain white matter integrity.

Resistance exercise training with protein supplementation improves skeletal muscle strength and improves quality of life in late adolescents and young adults with Barth syndrome: A pilot study.

Background: Muscle weakness and exercise intolerance contribute to reduced quality of life (QOL) in Barth syndrome (BTHS). Our group previously found that 12 weeks of resistance exercise training (RET) improved muscle strength, however, did not increase muscle (lean) mass or QOL in n = 3 young adults with BTHS. The overall objective of this pilot study was to examine the safety and effectiveness of RET plus daily protein supplementation (RET + protein) on muscle strength, skeletal muscle mass, exercise tolerance, cardiac function, and QOL in late adolescents/young adults with BTHS.

Elevated lipid oxidation is associated with exceeding gestational weight gain recommendations and increased neonatal anthropometrics: a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Deviations from gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations are associated with unfavorable maternal and neonatal outcomes. There is a need to understand how maternal substrate metabolism, independent of weight status, may contribute to GWG and neonatal outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential link between maternal lipid oxidation rate, GWG, and neonatal anthropometric outcomes.

A Comparison of Two-Year Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Clinical Outcomes Using All-Soft Tissue Quadriceps Tendon Autograft With Femoral/Tibial Cortical Suspensory Fixation Versus Tibial Interference Screw Fixation.

Purpose: To contribute to future quadriceps tendon harvest and fixation guidelines in the setting of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by comparing 2-year patient-reported subjective knee outcome scores and incidence of graft-related complications between the shorter harvest all-inside tibial-femoral suspensory fixation (TFSF) approach versus the longer harvest standard tibial interference screw fixation technique.

Methods: Patients who underwent primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with all soft tissue quadriceps tendon autograft from January 2017 to May 2019 were identified for inclusion. Patients were matched into 2 cohorts of 62 based on reconstruction technique.

Association of Balance Function With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among US Adults.

Importance: Difficulty maintaining balance is common among individuals aged 40 years or older and increases the risk of falls. However, little is known about the association of balance function with long-term mortality outcomes in adults.

Objective: To investigate the association of balance function with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US adults.

Training, Injury, and Lifestyle Characteristics of Recreational Triathletes.

Triathlon is a popular sport among recreational and competitive athletes. As triathletes compete in races ranging from 16 to 140.6 miles and train in three disciplines simultaneously, it is difficult to identify injury risk factors.