Impact of prenatal tobacco smoking on infant telomere length trajectory and ADHD symptoms at 18 months: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Prenatal maternal tobacco smoking is a predictor of child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is associated with offspring telomere length (TL). In this study, we examine the relationship between maternal prenatal smoking, infant TL, and maternal report of early childhood symptoms of ADHD.

Methods: One-hundred and eighty-one mother-infant dyads were followed prospectively for the infant's first 18 months of life.

Evaluating physiologic outcomes of music interventions in the neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic review.

Music is widely used in the neonatal intensive care unit. The objectives of this systematic review are: (1) clarify the current literature in regards to the impact of music on neonatal physiologic parameters, (2) highlight the variability in definitions utilized for music interventions, and (3) provide a foundation for future music therapy research focused on influencing neonatal physiology. A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, with search terms including "music," "music therapy," "neonates," "newborn," and "NICU.