Adherence to Nutritional Practice Guideline in Premature Infants: A Nationwide Survey in Taiwan.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the current neonatal nutritional practices in Taiwan and promote consensus on standardized protocols.

Methods: An online questionnaire comprising 95 items on parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN) practices was distributed to neonatal care units across Taiwan via email between August and December 2022. The responses were compared with the recommendations from the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition for preterm infant care.

Taping alone for persistent ventral curvature after urethral plate transection in hypospadias.

Introduction: Ventral penile curvature is a key factor in determining the surgical approach to proximal hypospadias repair. However, there is limited evidence regarding the efficacy and long-term effects of the procedures used to address curvature. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of urethral plate transection alone with tissue traction therapy on penile curvature in two-stage repair of proximal hypospadias.

Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score Is Predictive of Perioperative Adverse Events in Operatively Treated Thoracic and Lumbar Fractures.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of patients with surgically treated thoracolumbar fractures.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the incidence of adverse events (AEs) after surgical stabilization of thoracolumbar spine injuries and to identify predictive factors for the occurrence of AEs.

Overview Of Literature: Thoracolumbar spine fractures are frequently present in patients with blunt trauma and are associated with significant morbidity.

Plasmon Damping Rates in Coulomb-Coupled 2D Layers in a Heterostructure.

The Coulomb excitations of charge density oscillation are calculated for a double-layer heterostructure. Specifically, we consider two-dimensional (2D) layers of silicene and graphene on a substrate. From the obtained surface response function, we calculated the plasmon dispersion relations, which demonstrate how the Coulomb interaction renormalizes the plasmon frequencies.

An alternative lower tract approach to ectopic duplex system ureteroceles feasible in young children.

Introduction: The best surgical approach to ectopic ureters and ureteroceles is yet to be determined. The objective of this study is to provide an alternative lower tract surgical approach to ectopic ureters and duplex system ureteroceles that can be safely performed in young children.

Methods: The "in-and-out" bladder approach was performed via an open intravesical incision.

A review of the effectiveness of fever tent setup in COVID-19 pandemic from a radiology perspective.

Introduction: This paper describes our experience in setting up a dedicated imaging facility within a temporary fever tentage in an acute tertiary hospital in Singapore during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We review the effectiveness of the setup and its role from the radiological perspective in detail.

Methods: The dedicated imaging facility within the temporary fever tentage was equipped with a computer-on-wheels (COWs) to access patients' medical records and a portable x-ray machine to allow for a smooth workflow.

Validation of snoring detection using a smartphone app.

Purpose: Snoring is closely related to obstructive sleep apnea in adults. The increasing abundance and availability of smartphone technology has facilitated the examination and monitoring of snoring at home through snoring apps. However, the accuracy of snoring detection by snoring apps is unclear.

Monolayer NbF: a 4d-analogue of cuprates.

The electronic structure and possible electronic orders in monolayer NbF are investigated by density functional theory and functional renormalization group. Because of the niobium-centered octahedra, the energy band near the Fermi level is found to derive from the 4d orbital, well separated from the other bands. Local Coulomb interaction drives the undoped system into an antiferromagnetic insulator.

Vesicocutaneous fistula: continent vesicostomy, an easier route for comfortable clean intermittent catheterization.

Introduction: Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) through the urethra is the treatment of choice for patients with neurogenic bladder (NGB) or other etiologies that lead to incomplete bladder emptying. However, urethral catheterization can be problematic. Vesicocutaneous fistula (VCF) is a continent catheterizable channel with a low rate of complications.

Kondo Signatures of a Quantum Magnetic Impurity in Topological Superconductors.

We study the Kondo physics of a quantum magnetic impurity in two-dimensional topological superconductors (TSCs), either intrinsic or induced on the surface of a bulk topological insulator, using a numerical renormalization group technique. We show that, despite sharing the p+ip pairing symmetry, intrinsic and extrinsic TSCs host different physical processes that produce distinct Kondo signatures. Extrinsic TSCs harbor an unusual screening mechanism involving both electron and orbital degrees of freedom that produces rich and prominent Kondo phenomena, especially an intriguing pseudospin Kondo singlet state in the superconducting gap and a spatially anisotropic spin correlation.

Surface states of gapped electron systems and semi-metals.

With a generic lattice model for electrons occupying a semi-infinite crystal with a hard surface, we study the eigenstates of the system with a bulk band gap (or the gap with nodal points). The exact solution to the wave functions of scattering states is obtained. From the scattering states, we derive the criterion for the existence of surface states.

The Prochlorococcus carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanism: evidence of carboxysome-associated heterogeneity.

The ability of Prochlorococcus to numerically dominate open ocean regions and contribute significantly to global carbon cycles is dependent in large part on its effectiveness in transforming light energy into compounds used in cell growth, maintenance, and division. Integral to these processes is the carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanism (CCM), which enhances photosynthetic CO2 fixation. The CCM involves both active uptake systems that permit intracellular accumulation of inorganic carbon as the pool of bicarbonate and the system of HCO3 (-) conversion into CO2.

Interaction-induced localization of mobile impurities in ultracold systems.

The impurities, introduced intentionally or accidentally into certain materials, can significantly modify their characteristics or reveal their intrinsic physical properties, and thus play an important role in solid-state physics. Different from those static impurities in a solid, the impurities realized in cold atomic systems are naturally mobile. Here we propose an effective theory for treating some unique behaviors exhibited by ultracold mobile impurities.

Interaction-induced localization of fermionic mobile impurities in a Larkin-Ovchinnikov superfluid.

We theoretically investigate the interplay between the fermionic mobile impurity atoms and a Larkin-Ovchinnikov (LO) superfluid in a two dimensional optical lattice. We find that the impurity atoms get localized and can form pairs when the interaction between the impurity atoms and the LO superfluid is strong enough. These features are due to the phenomena of self-localization whose underlying mechanism is revealed by an effective model.

Superfluid density in the s±-wave state of clean iron-based superconductors.

Based on a phenomenological model and the Kubo formula, we investigate the superfluid density ρ(s)(T) and then the penetration depth λ(T) of the iron-based superconductors in the coexistence region of the spin-density wave and superconductivity, and also in the overdoped region. Our calculations show a dramatic increase of λ(0) with the decrease of the doping concentration x below x = 0.1.

Model of vortex states in hole-doped iron-pnictide superconductors.

Based on a phenomenological model with competing spin-density-wave (SDW) and extended s-wave superconductivity, the vortex states in Ba(1-x)K(x)Fe2As2 are investigated by solving Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. Our result for the optimally doped compound without induced SDW is in qualitative agreement with recent scanning tunneling microscopy experiment. We also propose that the main effect of the SDW on the vortex states is to reduce the intensity of the in-gap peak in the local density of states and transfer the spectral weight to form additional peaks outside the gap.

Minimal genomes, maximal productivity: comparative genomics of the photosystem and light-harvesting complexes in the marine cyanobacterium, Prochlorococcus.

Although Prochlorococcus isolates possess the smallest genomes of any extant photosynthetic organism, this genus numerically dominates vast regions of the world's subtropical and tropical open oceans and has evolved to become an important contributor to global biogeochemical cycles. The sequencing of 12 Prochlorococcus genomes provides a glimpse of the extensive genetic heterogeneity and, thus, physiological potential of the lineage. In this study, we present an up-to-date comparative analysis of major proteins of the photosynthetic apparatus in 12 Prochlorococcus genomes.

Supercurrent transferring through c-axis cuprate Josephson junctions with thick normal-metal bridge.

With a simple but exactly solvable model, we investigate the supercurrent transferring through the c-axis cuprate superconductor-normal metal-superconductor junctions with the clean normal metal much thicker than its coherence length. It is shown that the supercurrent as a function of thickness of the normal metal decreases much slower than the exponential decaying expected by the proximity effect. The present result may account for the giant proximity effect observed in the c-axis cuprate SNS junctions.

Weak localization of Dirac fermions in graphene.

In the presence of the charged impurities, we study the weak localization effect by evaluating the quantum interference correction to the conductivity of Dirac fermions in graphene. With the inelastic scattering rate due to electron-electron interactions obtained from our previous work, we investigate the dependence of the quantum interference correction on the carrier concentration, the temperature, the magnetic field, and the size of the sample. It is found that weak localization is present in large size samples at finite carrier doping.

Hall conductivity of a spin-triplet superconductor.

We calculate the Hall conductivity for a spin-triplet superconductor, using a generalized pairing symmetry dependent on an arbitrary phase phi. A promising candidate for such an order parameter is Sr2RuO4, whose superconducting order parameter symmetry is still subject to investigation. The value of this phase can be determined through Kerr rotation and dc Hall conductivity measurements.

Cryo-electron tomography reveals the comparative three-dimensional architecture of Prochlorococcus, a globally important marine cyanobacterium.

In an age of comparative microbial genomics, knowledge of the near-native architecture of microorganisms is essential for achieving an integrative understanding of physiology and function. We characterized and compared the three-dimensional architecture of the ecologically important cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus in a near-native state using cryo-electron tomography and found that closely related strains have diverged substantially in cellular organization and structure. By visualizing native, hydrated structures within cells, we discovered that the MED4 strain, which possesses one of the smallest genomes (1.

Fluctuation-exchange study of antiferromagnetism in disordered electron-doped cuprate superconductors.

On the basis of the Hubbard model, we extend the fluctuation-exchange (FLEX) approach to investigating the properties of the antiferromagnetic (AF) phase in electron-doped cuprate superconductors. Furthermore, by incorporating the effect of scatterings due to the disordered dopant atoms into the FLEX formalism, our numerical results show that the antiferromagnetic transition temperature, the onset temperature of pseudogap due to spin fluctuations, the spectral density of the single particle near the Fermi surface, and the staggered magnetization in the AF phase as a function of electron doping can consistently account for the experimental measurements.

Theory of the phonon Hall effect in paramagnetic dielectrics.

Based upon Raman spin-lattice interaction, we propose a theoretical model for the phonon Hall effect in paramagnetic dielectrics, which was discovered recently in an experiment [C. Strohm, G. L.

Local tunneling spectroscopy as a signature of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in s- and d-wave superconductors.

The Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) states for two-dimensional s- and d-wave superconductors (s- and d-SCs) are self-consistently studied under an in-plane magnetic field. While the stripe solution of the order parameter is found to have lower free energy in s-SCs, a square lattice solution appears to be energetically more favorable in the case of d-SCs. At certain symmetric sites, we find that the features in the local density of states (LDOS) can be ascribed to two types of bound states.