Neighborhood Deprivation and Crime on Asthma Exacerbations and Utilization in Mild Adult Asthma.

Background: Social determinants of health have a significant impact on asthma outcomes, and factors such as income level and neighborhood environment have crucial roles.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of the Neighborhood Deprivation Index (NDI) and Total Crime Index (TCI) on acute asthma exacerbation (AAE) and asthma-related emergency department and urgent care (ED/UC) visits in adults with mild asthma.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used administrative data from Kaiser Permanente Southern California among 198,873 adult patients with mild asthma between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2018.

Risk Factors for Acute Asthma Exacerbations in Adults With Mild Asthma.

Background: Although individuals with mild asthma account for 30% to 40% of acute asthma exacerbations (AAEs), relatively little attention has been paid to risk factors for AAEs in this population.

Objective: To identify risk factors associated with AAEs in patients with mild asthma.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study.

Identity work support perceptions (IWSP): Development of a construct and measure.

Every day, people perform internal (e.g., thoughts) and external (e.

Microseismicity and lithosphere thickness at a nearly-amagmatic oceanic detachment fault system.

Oceanic detachment faults play a central role in accommodating the plate divergence at slow-ultraslow spreading mid-ocean ridges. Successive flip-flop detachment faults in a nearly-amagmatic region of the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) at 64°30'E accommodate ~100% of plate divergence, with mostly ultramafic smooth seafloor. Here we present microseismicity data, recorded by ocean bottom seismometers, showing that the axial brittle lithosphere is on the order of 15 km thick under the nearly-amagmatic smooth seafloor, which is no thicker than under nearby volcanic seafloor or at more magmatic SWIR detachment systems.

Conflicts of interest in electrophysiology and devices presentations.

Aims: Industry collaboration with arrhythmia and devices research is common. However, this results in conflicts of interest (CoI) for researchers that should be disclosed. This study aimed to examine the quality of CoI disclosures in arrhythmia and devices presentations.

Relationship between surface dissolved iron inventories and net community production during a marine heatwave in the subarctic northeast Pacific.

From winter 2013-14 to the end of 2015-16, a high pressure atmospheric system induced elevated sea surface temperatures in the offshore subarctic northeast Pacific, resulting in a marine heatwave. Increased stratification due to the heatwave resulted in shoaling of the winter mixed layer and a decrease in nutrient re-supply to the euphotic zone. Here, we investigate relationships between dissolved iron (dFe) and macronutrients, net community production (NCP), (micro)nutrient uptake ratios, and phytoplankton community composition in the winter and summer from 2012 to 2015 to gain insight into coupled biogeochemical responses to the heatwave.

Population-Based Incidence, Severity, and Risk Factors Associated with Treated Acute-Onset COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination-Associated Hypersensitivity Reactions.

Background: COVID-19 mRNA vaccination-associated acute-onset hypersensitivity reactions have caused anxiety and may be contributing to vaccine hesitancy.

Objective: To determine the incidence, severity, and risk factors for treated acute-onset COVID-19 mRNA vaccination-associated hypersensitivity reactions in a well-characterized population.

Methods: All Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) members who received COVID-19 mRNA vaccinations between December 15, 2020, and March 11, 2021, at a KPSC facility were identified and characterized, along with all treated acute-onset vaccination-associated hypersensitivity events.

Trauma Communications Center Coordinated Severity-Based Stroke Triage: Protocol of a Hybrid Type 1 Effectiveness-Implementation Study.

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) can improve the outcomes of patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO), but a minority of patients with LVO are treated and there are disparities in timely access to MT. In part, this is because in most regions, including Alabama, the emergency medical service (EMS) transports all patients with suspected stroke, regardless of severity, to the nearest stroke center. Consequently, patients with LVO may experience delayed arrival at stroke centers with MT capability and worse outcomes.

Population-Based Incidence of New Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Cefaclor, and Sulfonamide Antibiotic "Allergies" in Exposed Individuals with and without Preexisting Ampicillin, Cephalexin, or Cefaclor "Allergies".

Background: There is a theoretical concern, unconfirmed by population-based challenge data, that clinically significant, immunologically mediated hypersensitivity occurs among β-lactams sharing side chains.

Objective: To determine the population-based allergy incidence associated with the use of β-lactams sharing exact R1 side chains (ampicillin, cephalexin, and cefaclor [ACC]), with or without a current ACC allergy or a sulfonamide antibiotic allergy for comparison.

Methods: All courses of ACC and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole used by any Kaiser Permanente California members in 2017 and 2018, with follow-up through January 2019, were identified along with their preexisting antibiotic allergy status and all new antibiotic-specific allergies reported within 30 days of course initiation.

Self-Reported Physical Activity and Asthma Risk in Children.

Background: Increased physical activity (PA) may protect against asthma but PA can trigger asthma symptoms.

Objective: To investigate relationships between moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed during routine care visits and incident asthma.

Methods: For this retrospective cohort, 542,486 children between 2 and 17 years from 2010 to 2017 were included who had an MVPA assessment (exercise vital sign) during routine care visits.

7-Tesla Functional Cardiovascular MR Using Vectorcardiographic Triggering-Overcoming the Magnetohydrodynamic Effect.

Ultra-high-field B0 ≥ 7 tesla (7T) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) offers increased resolution. However, electrocardiogram (ECG) gating is impacted by the magneto-hydrodynamic effect distorting the ECG trace. We explored the technical feasibility of a 7T magnetic resonance scanner using an ECG trigger learning algorithm to quantitatively assess cardiac volumes and vascular flow.

Use of three-dimensional-three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography spin fusion protocol for complex aortoiliac endovascular interventions.

Complex endovascular aortic interventions in patients with excessive tortuosity or difficult gantry angles can be challenging. Although fusion imaging can help navigate these issues, it is based on preoperative imaging studies, which becomes skewed after introduction of stiff wires and large devices into the aorta. The subtraction spin protocol performs two cone-beam computed tomography scans to create a subtracted image of the contrast-filled vessels after wire and device placement to accommodate vessel distortion.

A Systematic Review of Economic Aspects of Service Interventions to Increase Anticoagulation Use in Atrial Fibrillation.

Objective: To systematically identify and appraise existing evidence surrounding economic aspects of anticoagulation service interventions for patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: We searched the published and grey literature up to October 2019 to identify relevant economic evidence in any health care setting. A narrative-synthesis approach was taken to summarise evidence by economic design and type of service intervention, with costs expressed in pound sterling and valued at 2017 to 2018 prices.

Association Between Removal of a Warning Against Cephalosporin Use in Patients With Penicillin Allergy and Antibiotic Prescribing.

Importance: Electronic health records (EHRs) often include default alerts that can influence physician selection of antibiotics, which in turn may be associated with a suboptimal choice of agents and increased antibiotic resistance.

Objective: To examine whether removal of a default alert in the EHR to avoid cephalosporin use in patients with penicillin allergies is associated with changes in cephalosporin dispensing or administration in these patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study of a natural experiment included data on patients who had received antibiotic treatment in the hospital or outpatient setting in 2 regions of a large, integrated health system in California from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018.

Generalizability of an Automatic Explanation Method for Machine Learning Prediction Results on Asthma-Related Hospital Visits in Patients With Asthma: Quantitative Analysis.

Background: Asthma exerts a substantial burden on patients and health care systems. To facilitate preventive care for asthma management and improve patient outcomes, we recently developed two machine learning models, one on Intermountain Healthcare data and the other on Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) data, to forecast asthma-related hospital visits, including emergency department visits and hospitalizations, in the succeeding 12 months among patients with asthma. As is typical for machine learning approaches, these two models do not explain their forecasting results.

Effect of metabolic syndrome components on the risk of malignancy in patients with gallbladder lesions.

Gallbladder lesions have become more common nowadays. But there is limited evidence-based guidance on surveillance of these patients for malignancy. Predicting malignancy could help clinicians better manage this condition and improve the prognosis.

Are conflict of interest declarations appropriate to allow sufficient consideration of potential bias in presentations?

Background: Potential conflicts of interest (CoI) are common in medical research, necessitating the use of CoI declarations. There is currently no consensus document or external authority guiding CoI declarations in conference settings, resulting in declarations of variable quality and utility.

Methods: We explored four CoI declaration parameters (sufficient slide display time; the presence of any verbal explanation pertaining to relevant CoI; the use of an adequate font size; and whether the nature and relevance of the CoI was described).

Circulating plasma microRNA-126, microRNA-145, and microRNA-155 and their association with atherosclerotic plaque characteristics.

Aims: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as biomarkers for several diseases. Dysregulation of miRNA-126, microRNA-145, and microRNA-155 has been shown to be associated with atherosclerotic lesion formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between atherosclerosis-related miRNAs and unfavorable atherosclerotic plaque characteristics.

Accuracy of Smartphone Camera Applications for Detecting Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects more than 6 million people in the United States; however, much AF remains undiagnosed. Given that more than 265 million people in the United States own smartphones (>80% of the population), smartphone applications have been proposed for detecting AF, but the accuracy of these applications remains unclear.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of smartphone camera applications that diagnose AF.

Pnmt-Derived Cardiomyocytes: Anatomical Localization, Function and Future Perspectives.

In this mini-review, we provide an overview of phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase (Pnmt)-derived cardiomyocytes (PdCMs), a recently discovered cardiomyocyte subpopulation. We discuss their anatomical localization, physiological characteristics, possible function, and future perspectives. Their unique distribution in the heart, electrical activity, Ca transient properties, and potential role in localized adrenergic signaling are discussed.

Systematic Review of Community Paramedicine and EMS Mobile Integrated Health Care Interventions in the United States.

Emergency medical services (EMS) in the United States are frequently used for nonurgent medical needs. Use of 911 and the emergency department (ED) for primary care-treatable conditions is expensive, inefficient, and undesirable for patients and providers. The objective is to describe the outcomes from community paramedicine (CP) and mobile integrated health care (MIH) interventions related to the Quadruple Aim.

Development of a pediatric asthma predictive index for hospitalization.

Background: Variation in emergency department (ED) management for asthma exacerbation leads to disparities in care. Current asthma severity scores are insufficient to be used for hospitalization decisions.

Objective: To develop and internally validate an asthma predictive index for hospitalization (APIH) to guide practitioners in their admission decision for children with asthma exacerbations.