A Case of Pediatric Internal Hernia Heralded by Constipation.

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is the most common gastrointestinal congenital anomaly of the small intestine. A small subset of patients with MD develops a mesodiverticular band (MDB), creating a snare-like opening and the potential for internal hernias (IHs). IHs are a known possible cause of small bowel obstructions and are most common in adults post bariatric surgery.

Room-Temperature Synthesis of Thioether-Stabilized Ruthenium Nanocubes and Their Optical Properties.

Controlling the nucleation and growth processes for nanoparticle synthesis allows the development of well-defined structures that offer unique chemical and physical properties. Here, we report a wet chemical reduction method for synthesizing ruthenium nanocubes (Ru NCs) that display plasmonic properties at room temperature (RT). The growth of the particles to form nanostructured cubes was established by varying the carbon chain length of the thioether stabilizing ligands and the reaction time to produce stable and controlled growth.

Thrombus Trifecta: A Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Complication.

We describe a case of generalized, extreme, colicky abdominal pain status post laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy where the patient formed thromboses in the portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, and splenic vein, which were visualized with computed tomography (CT) imaging. The case was managed using the standard of care, which is anticoagulation and/or surgical intervention, both of which were used in this case.

Ring of Fire: The Case of Mistaken Identity.

This case investigates the difference between heterotopic pregnancy vs. intrauterine pregnancy, a topic that more emergency medicine physicians will face as the rates of assisted reproductive technologies increase. Throughout the case, the pathognomonic "Ring of Fire" is discussed, as is seen on the transvaginal ultrasound, and its reliability is assessed.

Small and ultra-small angle neutron scattering studies of commercial milk.

Milk and milk products are an essential part of global nutrition and the world-wide food industry. Studies of milk components using scattering techniques are well documented in the literature. However, those studies focused on the scattering wavevector region .

Size-dependent antimicrobial effects of novel palladium nanoparticles.

Investigating the interactions between nanoscale materials and microorganisms is crucial to provide a comprehensive, proactive understanding of nanomaterial toxicity and explore the potential for novel applications. It is well known that nanomaterial behavior is governed by the size and composition of the particles, though the effects of small differences in size toward biological cells have not been well investigated. Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) have gained significant interest as catalysts for important carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom reactions and are increasingly used in the chemical industry, however, few other applications of Pd NPs have been investigated.

Apolipoprotein A-I binding to anionic vesicles and lipopolysaccharides: role for lysine residues in antimicrobial properties.

Human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) is a 28kDa protein and a major component of high-density lipoproteins, mediating several essential metabolic functions related to heart disease. In the present study the potential protective role against bacterial pathogens was explored. ApoA-I suppressed bacterial growth of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Singlet-triplet excitations in the unconventional spin-Peierls TiOBr compound.

We have performed time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements on powder samples of the unconventional spin-Peierls compound TiOBr using the fine-resolution Fermi chopper spectrometer (SEQUOIA) at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These measurements reveal two branches of magnetic excitations within the commensurate and incommensurate spin-Peierls phases, which we associate with n=1 and n=2 triplet excitations out of the singlet ground state. These results represent the first direct measurement of the singlet-triplet energy gap in TiOBr, which has a value of E(g)=21.

Two-dimensional kagome correlations and field induced order in the ferromagnetic XY pyrochlore Yb2Ti2O7.

Neutron scattering measurements show the ferromagnetic XY pyrochlore Yb2Ti2O7 to display strong quasi-two-dimensional (2D) spin correlations at low temperature, which give way to long range order (LRO) under the application of modest magnetic fields. Rods of scattering along 111 directions due to these 2D spin correlations imply a magnetic decomposition of the cubic pyrochlore system into decoupled kagome planes. A magnetic field of approximately 0.

Fluorescent chemosensors for toxic organophosphorus pesticides: a review.

Many organophosphorus (OP) based compounds are highly toxic and powerful inhibitors of cholinesterases that generate serious environmental and human health concerns. Organothiophosphates with a thiophosphoryl (P=S) functional group constitute a broad class of these widely used pesticides. They are related to the more reactive phosphoryl (P=O) organophosphates, which include very lethal nerve agents and chemical warfare agents, such as, VX, Soman and Sarin.

Spending on new drug development1.

This paper replicates DiMasi et al. (J. Health Econ.

Estimating the cost of new drug development: is it really 802 million dollars?

This paper replicates the drug development cost estimates of Joseph DiMasi and colleagues ("The Price of Innovation"), using their published cost estimates along with information on success rates and durations from a publicly available data set. For drugs entering human clinical trials for the first time between 1989 and 2002, the paper estimated the cost per new drug to be 868 million dollars. However, our estimates vary from around 500 million dollars to more than 2,000 million dollars, depending on the therapy or the developing firm.

A deletion in the gene encoding sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (Smpd3) results in osteogenesis and dentinogenesis imperfecta in the mouse.

The mouse mutation fragilitas ossium (fro) leads to a syndrome of severe osteogenesis and dentinogenesis imperfecta with no detectable collagen defect. Positional cloning of the locus identified a deletion in the gene encoding neutral sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (Smpd3) that led to complete loss of enzymatic activity. Our knowledge of SMPD3 function is consistent with the pathology observed in mutant mice and provides new insight into human pathologies.

A complex interaction of imprinted and maternal-effect genes modifies sex determination in Odd Sex (Ods) mice.

The transgenic insertional mouse mutation Odd Sex (Ods) represents a model for the long-range regulation of Sox9. The mutation causes complete female-to-male sex reversal by inducing a male-specific expression pattern of Sox9 in XX Ods/+ embryonic gonads. We previously described an A/J strain-specific suppressor of Ods termed Odsm1(A).

Charge ordering and polaron formation in the magnetoresistive oxide La0.7Ca0.3MnO3.

Neutron scattering has been used to study the nature of the ferromagnetic transition in a single crystal of the perovskite La0. 7Ca0.3MnO3.

A fiber-optic DNA biosensor microarray for the analysis of gene expression.

A fiber-optic biosensor array is described for the simultaneous analysis of multiple DNA sequences. A bundle of optical fibers was assembled with each fiber carrying a different oligonucleotide probe immobilized on its distal end. Hybridization of fluorescently labeled complementary oligonucleotides to the array was monitored by observing the increase in fluorescence that accompanied binding.

Hemodynamics of interposed abdominal compression during human cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Objective: Clinical studies of interposed abdominal compression CPR (IAC-CPR) have had diverse outcomes. This study compared the hemodynamics of standard CPR and IAC-CPR in humans.

Methods: A 24-month prospective nonrandomized analysis of hemodynamic parameters was performed in a convenience cohort of 20 adults who had out-of-hospital, nontraumatic, normothermic cardiac arrests.

Meralgia paresthetica: a complication of laparoscopic herniorrhaphy.

Laparoscopic herniorrhaphy is a new and presently evolving technique applied to the repair of inguinal defects. Many different authors have described various methods by which this can be achieved. Some of these include the transabdominal preperitoneal approach, the plug technique, the intraperitoneal onlay of mesh, and the extraperitoneal approach.