The Use of Nanosecond Pulsed Fibre Laser Treatment to Improve the Corrosion Resistance of 316L SS Utilised as Surgical Devices.

The nanosecond pulsed fibre laser (NsPFL) treatment is extensively employed to distinguish hospital surgical instruments (micro-surgical forceps, surgical blades, orthopaedic drills, and high-precision laparoscopic tools), which are generally composed of stainless steel. Nevertheless, if the laser parameters are not properly optimised, this process may unintentionally provoke corrosion. Maintaining the structural integrity of these materials is essential for ensuring patient safety and minimising long-term costs.

Reduction of amylose-amylopectin ratio in low-protein diets: impacts on growth performance and intestinal health in weaned pigs.

Improving the synchrony between amino acids (AAs) and glucose appearance in the blood can support the growth performance of weaned pigs fed a low crude protein (CP) diet. This can be achieved using a diet with a low amylose-to-amylopectin ratio (AM/AP). The aim of this experiment was to evaluate whether reducing the AM/AP by using a corn variety characterized by a high amylopectin content, in the weaning diet can sustain growth performance and improve the intestinal health of pigs fed a low-CP diet.

The fight against malaria in Edo-North, Edo State, Nigeria: identifying risk factors for effective control.

Background: This study investigated malaria epidemiology in Edo-North, Nigeria; a region within the equatorial rainforest belt that has lacked prior research on malaria prevalence. This research sought to investigate the prevalence of malaria and identify potential risk factors in Edo-North, Nigeria. Additionally, the study aimed to analyze trends in malaria cases to inform the development of effective malaria control measures.

Cardiovascular effects of early maternal separation and escitalopram treatment in rats with depressive-like behaviour.

Depression and cardiovascular diseases are two of the world's major health problems. Escitalopram (ESC) is widely used because of its safety in relation to other drugs in that class; however, it can affect the cardiovascular system. The present study evaluated the cardiovascular parameters of depressive-like male rats and the cardiovascular effects of ESC treatment on that condition.

Increasing the level of hemicelluloses in the lactation diet affects the faecal microbiota of sows and their piglets without affecting their performances.

Background: Specific sources of dietary fibres in sow gestation and lactation diets, such as inulin or wheat bran, have been shown to affect both the sow and its litter health by modulating the piglet's intestinal microbial population and composition. However, only a few studies have reported the effects of some specific fractions of the cell wall of the plants in the sow's lactation diet. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of increasing the level of HCs in a sow's lactation diet on the nutrient apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), the faecal volatile fatty acid (VFA) profile, the microbiota of the sow and the microbiota and the performances of slow-growing (SG) and fast-growing (FG) piglets.

Nutritional status and factors associated with gestational weight gain in the city of São Paulo, 2012 to 2020: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) is a critical issue related to postpartum health in newborns and mothers. In Brazil, pregnant women's public health recommends monitoring GWG. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate gestational weight gain and associated health factors of pregnant women monitored at Unified Health System (SUS) in the city of São Paulo between 2012 and 2020.

The Impact of Stimulation Parameters on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Stroke Patients Following Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation-A Pilot Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Trial.

Background: Stroke survivors often experience autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. While Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to modulate the ANS when applied to the left hemisphere, its effects on the right hemisphere remain unexplored.

Objective: We aimed to compare the effects of tDCS applied to both the injured and the contralateral hemispheres on heart rate variability (HRV) and functional capacity in individuals post-stroke.

Productive and metabolomic consequences of arginine supplementation in sows during different gestation periods in two different seasons.

Background: The prolificacy of sows (litter size at birth) has markedly increased, leading to higher post-natal mortality. Heat stress can exacerbate this issue. Arginine plays an important role in several physiological pathways; its effect on gestating sows can depend on the period of supplementation.

Unravelling soybean responses to early and late Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) infestation.

Soybean is a crucial source of food, protein, and oil worldwide that is facing challenges from biotic stresses. Infestation of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) stands out as detrimentally affecting plant growth and grain production. Understanding soybean responses to T.

Assessing Participation in Stroke Survivors: Psychometric Properties of the Participation Measurement Scale (PM-Scale) Brazil.

Initial evidence supports the reliability of the Participation Measurement Scale (PM-Scale) in Brazil, but further exploration of its psychometric properties is needed for Brazilian stroke survivors. The aim of the study is to analyze the reliability, convergent validity, internal consistency, and accuracy of the PM-Scale Brazil. A methodological study involved three assessments over intervals of 7-14 days.

The influence of paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus soluble guanylate cyclase on autonomic and neuroendocrine responses to acute restraint stress in rats.

The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) regulates physiological and behavioural responses evoked by stressful stimuli, but the local neurochemical and signalling mechanisms involved are not completely understood. The soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) within the PVN is implicated in autonomic and cardiovascular control in rodents under resting conditions. However, the involvement of PVN sGC-mediated signalling in stress responses is unknown.

Pharmacological therapy for central giant cell granuloma of the jaws: A systematic review.

Background: Pharmacological therapy has been used as an alternative or complementary approach to surgery in central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy for CGCG of the jaws, focusing on clinical outcomes.

Material And Methods: Electronic searches were performed in six databases.

Enhancing stress resilience in soybeans (): assessing the efficacy of priming and cross-priming for mitigating water deficit and waterlogging effects.

Priming enables plants to respond more promptly, minimise damage, and survive subsequent stress events. Here, we aimed to assess the efficacy of priming and cross-priming in mitigating the stress caused by waterlogging and/or dehydration in soybeans (Glycine max ). Soybean plants were cultivated in a greenhouse in plastic pots in which soil moisture was maintained at pot capacity through irrigation.

Effect of local and regional factors on the structure of the fish communities associated with aquatic macrophyte stands in oxbow lakes on the Amazon floodplain.

The Amazon floodplain is home to an extremely high diversity of fish, with lakes playing an important role in the establishment of this biological richness. These lacustrine environments are subject to constant fluctuations caused by the annual flood pulse, with local factors and other regional patterns also contributing to the variation in fish community structure. The present study verified how local (depth and transparency of the water, the size and species composition of the macrophyte stands) and regional factors (spatial distribution of the stands and the hydrological phase) influence the structure of the fish community of the floodplain lakes of the Môa River, in northern Brazil.

Does Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation reduce central and peripheral muscle fatigue in recreational runners? A triple-blind, sham-controlled, randomized, crossover clinical study.

Background: Runners seek health benefits and performance improvement. However, fatigue might be considered a limiting factor. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been investigated to improve performance and reduce fatigue in athletes.

ChatGPT and dentistry: a step toward the future.

This article aims to explore the integration of ChatGPT, an advanced conversational artificial intelligence model, in the field of dentistry. The review primarily consists of information related to the capabilities and functionalities of ChatGPT and how these abilities can aid dental professionals. This study includes data from research papers, case studies, and relevant literature on language models, as well as papers on dentistry, patient communication, dental education, and clinical decision-making.

Piglets performance, nutrient digestibility and gut health in response to feeding Ulva lactuca seaweed supplemented with a recombinant ulvan lyase or a commercial carbohydrase mixture.

Ulva lactuca, a green seaweed, may be an alternative source of nutrients and bioactive compounds for weaned piglets. However, it has a recalcitrant cell wall rich in a sulphated polysaccharide - ulvan - that is indigestible to monogastrics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary incorporation of 7% U.

Essential and Non-Essential Elements Levels in Fish Species Highly Consumed in the Middle Miranda River, Brazilian Pantanal.

The present study investigated the levels of As, Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn in muscle samples of six fish species (Pygocentrus nattereri, Serrasalmus marginatus, Mylossoma duriventre, Leporinus friderici, Pimelodus argenteus, and P. pantaneiro) highly consumed by local riverine and non-resident people in middle Miranda River, southern Brazilian Pantanal. Significant differences were detected for Ba, Fe, Mn, and Zn levels among the analyzed species.

Impact of dietary Laminaria digitata with alginate lyase or carbohydrase mixture on nutrient digestibility and gut health of weaned piglets.

Laminaria digitata is a brown seaweed rich in prebiotic polysaccharides, mainly laminarin, but its alginate-rich cell wall could compromise nutrient access. Carbohydrase supplementation, such as individual alginate lyase and carbohydrases mixture (Rovabio® Excel AP), could enhance nutrient digestibility and prebiotic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of these enzymes on nutrient digestibility and gut health of weaned piglets fed with 10% L.

A non-invasive tool to collect small intestine content in post weaning pigs: validation study.

The Capsule for Sampling (CapSa) is an ingestible capsule that collects small intestine content while transiting through the natural digestive pathway. In this study, 14 Swiss Large White pigs weighing less than 12 kg (Category < 12 kg) and 12 weighing between 12 and 20 kg (Category [12-20 kg]) were given two CapSas and monitored for three days. The animals were euthanized for post-mortem sampling, allowing us to directly obtain gut microbiota samples from the gastrointestinal tract.