In vitro and in vivo leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activities of isoflavans from Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G. Nicholson timber by-products.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease are neglected tropical diseases that affect millions worldwide. Despite the high morbidity associated with these infections, current treatments are often highly toxic and are showing diminishing efficacy. Thus, new therapeutic options are urgently needed.

PM/PM ratios in southernmost Brazilian cities and its relation with economic contexts and meteorological factors.

The PM/PM ratio is a metric used to distinguish the primary sources of particulate matter (PM) within a given environment. Higher ratios often indicate significant contributions from anthropogenic sources, while smaller ratios suggest a substantial influence from natural origins. However, various contextual factors can influence this ratio.

Risk Factors for Post Laryngectomy Pharyngocutaneous Fistula and Impact of Pharyngeal Suture Type on Fistula Characteristics.

Introduction: Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is the most common complication following total laryngectomy (TL). The factors contributing to its occurrence are still a matter of debate. The impact of suture type has been relatively underexplored.

Interpersonal violence in the state of Espírito Santo: analysis of mandatory notifications between 2011 and 2018.

Objective: To identify the frequency of notifications of interpersonal violence in Espírito Santo from 2011 to 2018, and the factors associated with this issue.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which all cases of interpersonal violence from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases in the state of Espírito Santo during the period from 2011 to 2018 were analyzed. Absolute and relative frequencies and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, as well as Poisson regression.

Machine learning for stroke in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction but without atrial fibrillation: A post-hoc analysis of the WARCEF trial.

Background: The prediction of ischaemic stroke in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but without atrial fibrillation (AF) remains challenging. Our aim was to evaluate the performance of machine learning (ML) in identifying the development of ischaemic stroke in this population.

Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of the WARCEF trial, only including patients without a history of AF.

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Prescribing Within an Integrated Pediatric Primary Care Behavioral Health Program.

Objective: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) prescribing is increasingly being integrated into primary care, but few data are available about prescribing patterns by pediatric primary care clinicians (PCCs) following implementation of integrated behavioral health (BH) care.

Methods: Using administrative claims data, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of SSRI prescribing within a statewide pediatric primary care network over 10 years after the initiation of an integrated BH program, calculating the rate of PCC and specialist SSRI prescribing. Using electronic health record data, we analyzed a proposed set of quality metrics for SSRI initiation.

Cellular Alignment and Matrix Stiffening Induced Changes in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes.

Biological processes are inherently dynamic, necessitating biomaterial platforms capable of spatiotemporal control over cellular organization and matrix stiffness for accurate study of tissue development, wound healing, and disease. However, most in vitro platforms remain static. In this study, a dynamic biomaterial platform comprising a stiffening hydrogel is introduced and achieved through a stepwise approach of addition followed by light-mediated crosslinking, integrated with an elastomeric substrate featuring strain-responsive lamellar surface patterns.

Efficacy of Clear Aligner Therapy for the Treatment of Anterior Open Bite in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of clear aligner therapy (CAT) for the treatment of anterior open bite (AOB) in adults. The focused question was "Is CAT effective for the management of AOB in adults?". Databases were searched without time and language barriers up to and including August 2024 based on pre-specified eligibility criteria.

Innovation for recycling of organic matter through composter with automatic and sustainable temperature recording accessed via Bluetooth/mobile app.

Compost reactors, commonly used in experiments, industrial assays, and home residue treatment systems, have the potential to facilitate composting. Challenges persist in the realm of small-scale composting, encompassing facets such as temperature monitoring, homogenization of the compost mass, management of moisture with the control of leachate generation, and integration with a renewable energy source. This study assesses a pioneering composter prototype endowed with essential features to ensure a pragmatic and secure composting process.

UNC-30/PITX coordinates neurotransmitter identity with postsynaptic GABA receptor clustering.

Terminal selectors are transcription factors that control neuronal identity by regulating expression of key effector molecules, such as neurotransmitter biosynthesis proteins and ion channels. Whether and how terminal selectors control neuronal connectivity is poorly understood. Here, we report that UNC-30 (PITX2/3), the terminal selector of GABA nerve cord motor neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans, is required for neurotransmitter receptor clustering, a hallmark of postsynaptic differentiation.

Preventive medicine in obstructive sleep apnea-a systematic review and a call to action.

Study Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the modifiable risk factors associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and analyze extant publications solely focused on prevention of the disease.

Methods: Studies focused on prevention strategies for OSA and modifiable risk factors were eligible for inclusion. A detailed individual search strategy for each of the following bibliographic databases was developed: Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and LILACS.

Effects of Nozzle Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid Specimens Fabricated by Fused Deposition Modeling.

This paper investigates the effect of nozzle temperature, from 180 to 260 °C, on properties of polylactic acid (PLA) samples manufactured by fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. The main objective of this research is to determinate an optimum nozzle temperature relative to tensile, flexural and compressive properties of printed specimens. After manufacturing, the samples exhibit an amorphous structure, without crystallization effects, independently of the fabrication temperature.

Effects of Essential Oils on Biological Characteristics and Potential Molecular Targets in .

control methods have proved to be inefficient, which justifies the search for new control measures. In this search for botanical insecticides for controlling , the following were evaluated: (i) the toxicity of essential oils (EOs) from , , and ; (ii) the effect of EOs on life table parameters against ; (iii) the chemical characterization of EOs; and (iv) the in silico interaction of the chemical constituents present in the three EOs with the molecular targets of . The EO from had the lowest LD (1.

Endolymphatic sac tumor: An urgent case presenting acute intracranial hypertension successfully treated with suboccipital decompressive craniectomy - 8 years of follow-up.

Background: Endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) is a rare lesion. It may be sporadically or associated with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Progressive audiovestibular symptoms characterize the typical clinical presentation.

Community-acquired acute kidney injury in Southeast Brazil and independent risk predictors: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The prevalence and risk factors for community-acquired acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) are unknown. This study aimed to explore the incidence of CA-AKI in a tertiary care center and to depict the main clinical characteristics related to this condition.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study involving patients admitted to the emergency department (Hospital de Clínicas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil) between January 2019 and September 2021.

Isolated hypertelorism: Late surgical correction using the box osteotomy technique.

Background: Orbital hypertelorism is a rare congenital condition caused by craniofacial malformations. It consists of complete orbital lateralization, characterized by an increase in distance (above the 95 percentile) of the inner canthal (ICD), outer canthal, and interpupillary distances. It can be approached surgically, and the main techniques are box osteotomy and facial bipartition.

Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma: Aggressive behavior coursing with cerebellar invasion and hydrocephalus.

Background: Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is a very rare condition. The prognosis is dismal for advanced tumors. Due to its rarity, information in the literature is scarce.