Concomitant Therapy of Inactivated CECT7121 with Fluoroquinolones in a Enteritidis Murine Sepsis Model.

Optimization of existing antimicrobial therapies is a strategy proposed for extending antimicrobial activity and delaying resistance development. This study aimed to assess the effect of inactivated CECT7121 (I-EFCECT7121) in a combined therapy with Enrofloxacin or Ciprofloxacin in a Enteritidis murine sepsis model. Firstly, dose titration studies were performed to set up: (a) Enteritidis (SE) Lethal dose 99 (LD99) and (b) safety of I-EFCECT7121 (c) I-EFCECT7121 dosage scheme.

Successful Transplantation of Lungs From an Uncontrolled Donor After Circulatory Death Preserved In Situ by Alveolar Recruitment Maneuvers and Assessed by Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion.

We developed a protocol to procure lungs from uncontrolled donors after circulatory determination of death (NCT02061462). Subjects with cardiovascular collapse, treated on scene by a resuscitation team and transferred to the emergency room, are considered potential donors once declared dead. Exclusion criteria include unwitnessed collapse, no-flow period of >15 min and low flow >60 min.

Apnea test during brain death assessment in mechanically ventilated and ECMO patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an apnea test (AT) technique that combines the application of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) with subsequent pulmonary recruitment in a large cohort of brain-dead patients.

Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on brain-dead patients admitted to our institution (Hospital San Gerardo, Monza, Italy) between January 2010 and December 2014. The rate of aborted apnea tests (ATs), occurrence of complications (i.

Changes in the microbial communities during co-composting of digestates.

Anaerobic digestion is a waste treatment method which is of increasing interest worldwide. At the end of the process, a digestate remains, which can gain added value by being composted. A study was conducted in order to investigate microbial community dynamics during the composting process of a mixture of anaerobic digestate (derived from the anaerobic digestion of municipal food waste), green wastes and a screened compost (green waste/kitchen waste compost), using the COMPOCHIP microarray.

Bio-preservation of ground beef meat by Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121.

Meat and particularly ground beef is frequently associated with Food Poisoning episodes and breeches in Food Safety. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the bactericide effect of the probiotic Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121, against different pathogens as: Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens and Listeria monocytogenes, inoculated in ground beef meat. Three studies were performed to evaluate the inhibition of E.

Comparative plasma exposure and lung distribution of two human use commercial azithromycin formulations assessed in murine model: a preclinical study.

Azithromycin (AZM) therapeutic failure and relapses of patients treated with generic formulations have been observed in clinical practice. The main goal of this research was to compare in a preclinical study the serum exposure and lung tissue concentration of two commercial formulations AZM-based in murine model. The current study involved 264 healthy Balb-C.

Topographic distribution of tidal ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome: effects of positive end-expiratory pressure and pressure support.

Objective: Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by collapse of gravitationally dependent lung regions that usually diverts tidal ventilation toward nondependent regions. We hypothesized that higher positive end-expiratory pressure and enhanced spontaneous breathing may increase the proportion of tidal ventilation reaching dependent lung regions in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome undergoing pressure support ventilation.

Design: Prospective, randomized, cross-over study.

Systemic exposure, tissue distribution, and disease evolution of a high solubility ciprofloxacin-aluminum complex in a murine model of septicemia induced by salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis.

A new pharmaceutical derivative obtained by stoichiometric complexation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) with aluminum (CIP-complex) has been investigated and reported in this study. Such product has high solubility in the gastrointestinal pH range and was successful in the development of optimized formulations while maintaining its antimicrobial potency. The systemic exposure, tissue distribution, and the disease evolution after given CIP-complex were assessed.

Nematodicidal activity of flubendazole and its reduced metabolite on a murine model of Trichinella spiralis infection.

Background: Flubendazole (FLBZ) is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic compound. The parent FLBZ is metabolized to its reduced (R-FLBZ) and hydrolyzed (H-FLBZ) metabolites. There are no data on the potential nematodicidal activity of R-FLBZ, the main plasma metabolite found in sheep and mice.

Enhanced dissolution and systemic availability of albendazole formulated as solid dispersions.

Solid dispersions (SDs) containing the anthelmintic compound albendazole (ABZ) and either Pluronic 188 (P 188) or polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) as hydrophilic carriers were formulated. Drug-polymers interactions in solid state were investigated using different techniques. Only a 4% of total ABZ was dissolved at 5 min post-incubation, reaching dissolution rates of 32.

High-level resistance to gentamicin: genetic transfer between Enterococcus faecalis isolated from food of animal origin and human microbiota.

Aims:   To investigate the in vivo gene transfer of high-level gentamicin resistance (HLRG) from Enterococcus faecalis isolated from the food of animal origin to a human isolate, using a mouse model of intestinally colonized human microbiota.

Methods And Results:   In vitro study: The presence of plasmids involved in HLRG coding was investigated. After the conjugation experiment, the recipient strain, Ent.

Long-term extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with minimal ventilatory support: a new paradigm for severe ARDS?

Pulmonary tuberculosis can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which is associated with high mortality. We report the case of a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis and severe ARDS (PaO2/FiO2<100 mmHg) who was initially managed with advanced up-to-date treatments (protective ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO) but failed to improve. After a month of failure and the development of bilateral pneumothoraces, we drastically changed our therapeutic strategy: we maximized ECMO support to maintain oxygenation, we greatly reduced ventilation pressures and we left the pneumothoraces undrained.

Chemoprophylactic activity of flubendazole in cystic echinococcosis.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an important public health problem worldwide. Flubendazole, administered in tablets, has shown poor in vivo efficacy against CE in humans. However, flubendazole prepared as a solution caused a marked reduction in hydatid cysts developed in mice.

Enrofloxacin-based therapeutic strategy for the prevention of endometritis in susceptible mares.

Enrofloxacin (EFX) is often used empirically to prevent uterine infections in mares in order to improve efficiency on Commercial Embryo Transfer Farms. This study investigated the uterine distribution of EFX and its metabolite ciprofloxacin (CFX) in mares and assessed the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of EFX against various common pathogens as a basis for establishing a rational dosing schedule. Plasma and uterine pharmacokinetic (PK) studies were performed in two groups (n = 5) of healthy mares following intravenous (i.

Evolution of a degradative bacterial consortium during the enrichment of naphtha solvent.

A microbial mixed culture able to degrade naphtha solvent, a model of hydrocarbon aromatic mixture, was isolated from a hydrocarbon-polluted soil. Composition of the population was monitored by phenotypic and molecular methods applied on soil DNA, on whole enrichment culture DNA, and on 85 isolated strains. Strains were characterized for their 16S rDNA restriction profiles and for their random amplified polymorphic DNA profiles.

In vivo incorporation of palmitic acid and galactose in glycolipids of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes.

Incubation of epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi with (3H)-palmitic acid and (3H)-galactose, respectively, results in the incorporation of both precursors into the lipopeptidophosphoglycan (LPPG) and in at least two glycosphingolipids. Palmitic acid was incorporated into sphinganine and sphingenine, identified after hydrolysis, respectively, of the major and the minor glycosphingolipid. The purified glycosphingolipids labeled with either precursor migrated with a Rf similar to that of a sample labeled by periodate oxidation and borotritide reduction in which sialic acids have been previously characterized.

Sialoglycolipids in Trypanosoma cruzi.

Mild oxidation of epimastigote forms of T.cruzi followed by sodium borotritide reduction incorporates radioactivity into glycolipid fractions. Column chromatography on silica gel of the chloroform:methanol (2:1) extract separated two main peaks of radioactivity.