Corrigendum: Neural mechanisms for turn-taking in duetting plain-tailed wrens.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.

Recovering from COVID-19: lessons learnt from an intensive secondary care follow-up service.

In response to the first COVID-19 surge in 2020, secondary care outpatient services were rapidly reconfigured to provide specialist review for disease sequelae. At our institution, comprising hospitals across three sites in London, we initially implemented a COVID-19 follow-up pathway that was in line with expert opinion at the time but more intensive than initial clinical guidelines suggested. We retrospectively evaluated the resource requirements for this service, which supported 526 patients from April 2020 to October 2020.

Biomechanical, Anthropometric and Psychological Determinants of Barbell Bench Press Strength.

The purpose of this study was to improve our understanding of the relative contributions of biomechanical, anthropometric, and psychological factors in explaining maximal bench press (BP) strength in a heterogeneous, resistance-trained sample. Eighteen college-aged participants reported to the laboratory for three visits. The first visit consisted of psychometric testing.

Modulation of Radiation Biomarkers in a Randomized Phase II Study of I-MIBG With or Without Radiation Sensitizers for Relapsed or Refractory Neuroblastoma.

Purpose: I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-MIBG) has demonstrated efficacy as a single agent in neuroblastoma. Recent trials have focused on I-MIBG combination strategies, though little is known about the effect of putative radiosensitizers on biological markers of radiation exposure.

Methods And Materials: NANT2011-01 evaluated I-MIBG therapy alone (arm A) or in combination with vincristine/irinotecan (arm B) or vorinostat (arm C) for patients with relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma.

The NAD precursor NMN activates dSarm to trigger axon degeneration in .

Axon degeneration contributes to the disruption of neuronal circuit function in diseased and injured nervous systems. Severed axons degenerate following the activation of an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway, which culminates in the activation of SARM1 in mammals to execute the pathological depletion of the metabolite NAD. SARM1 NADase activity is activated by the NAD precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN).

PERIOD 2 regulates low-dose radioprotection via PER2/pGSK3β/β-catenin/Per2 loop.

During evolution, humans are acclimatized to the stresses of natural radiation and circadian rhythmicity. Radiosensitivity of mammalian cells varies in the circadian period and adaptive radioprotection can be induced by pre-exposure to low-level radiation (LDR). It is unclear, however, if clock proteins participate in signaling LDR radioprotection.

Interferon-γ release assay screening in biologics: safe and reliable, but not perfect.

Background: Systemic biologic agents can increase the risk of re-activation of latent tuberculosis (TB). Prior to initiation, screening for latent TB using an interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) is recommended. There is concern that false-negative IGRAs may be more likely in this context.

Identification of a Novel Anti-HIV-1 Protein from Leaf Extract.

Our lab investigates the anti-HIV-1 activity in () leaf extract. Traditional Senegalese healers have used leaf extract as a part of a plant-based treatment for HIV/AIDS infections. Our overall goal is to define and validate the scientific basis for using leaf extract as a part of the traditional Senegalese treatment.

G-Quadruplex DNA and Other Non-Canonical B-Form DNA Motifs Influence Productive and Latent HIV-1 Integration and Reactivation Potential.

The integration of the HIV-1 genome into the host genome is an essential step in the life cycle of the virus and it plays a critical role in the expression, long-term persistence, and reactivation of HIV expression. To better understand the local genomic environment surrounding HIV-1 proviruses, we assessed the influence of non-canonical B-form DNA (non-B DNA) on the HIV-1 integration site selection. We showed that productively and latently infected cells exhibit different integration site biases towards non-B DNA motifs.

Thomas Dent Mütter, M.D. (1811 to 1859): Exemplar of Expertise.

Thomas Dent Mütter, a Philadelphia plastic surgeon in the 1840s, boldly championed anesthesia when few physicians were convinced of its virtues. He was an early advocate of handwashing and hygienic wound care and helped pioneer the concept of postoperative recovery units. A leader in education, Mütter used a highly interactive style of teaching and restructured medical school classes to raise the caliber of clinical training.

European Groundshot-addressing Europe's cancer research challenges: a Lancet Oncology Commission.

Cancer research is a crucial pillar for countries to deliver more affordable, higher quality, and more equitable cancer care. Patients treated in research-active hospitals have better outcomes than patients who are not treated in these settings. However, cancer in Europe is at a crossroads.

Understanding Psychosocial Determinants of PrEP Uptake Among Cisgender Women Experiencing Heightened HIV Risk: Implications for Multi-Level Communication Intervention.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective daily pill that decreases the likelihood of HIV acquisition by up to 92% among individuals at risk for HIV. PrEP can be discretely used, autonomously controlled, and in place at the time of risk exposure, making it an especially promising method for HIV prevention for cisgender women (CGW). But, PrEP is underutilized by CGW relative to the demonstrable need.

Remoteness and socioeconomic status reduce access to specialist mental health care across Australia.

Objective: Estimate impact of socioeconomic factors and remoteness from tertiary hospital on incidence/duration of Australian mental health admissions.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of incidence/duration of public mental health unit admissions (2018-19). Covariates included Indigenous population, potentially preventable hospitalisations (PPH) and socioeconomic disadvantage.

Frontal and temporal lobe correlates of verbal learning and memory in aMCI and suspected Alzheimer's disease dementia.

Alzheimer's disease is primarily known for deficits in learning and retaining new information. This has long been associated with pathological changes in the mesial temporal lobes. The role of the frontal lobes in memory in Alzheimer's disease is less well understood.

Transmission in High-Incidence Settings-New Paradigms and Insights.

Tuberculosis has affected humankind for thousands of years, but a deeper understanding of its cause and transmission only arose after Robert Koch discovered in 1882. Valuable insight has been gained since, but the accumulation of knowledge has been frustratingly slow and incomplete for a pathogen that remains the number one infectious disease killer on the planet. Contrast that to the rapid progress that has been made in our understanding SARS-CoV-2 (the cause of COVID-19) aerobiology and transmission.

COVID-19 Molecular Pathophysiology: Acetylation of Repurposing Drugs.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces immune-mediated type 1 interferon (IFN-1) production, the pathophysiology of which involves sterile alpha motif and histidine-aspartate domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) tetramerization and the cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway. As a result, type I interferonopathies are exacerbated. Aspirin inhibits cGAS-mediated signaling through cGAS acetylation.

Rural workforce challenges: Why not rural psychiatry?

Objective: The Australian psychiatry workforce is under-subscribed and highly urbanised. Currently, 90% of psychiatrists work in the cities, and there are significant projected workforce shortages of psychiatrists throughout Australia, particularly in rural and remote locations. This qualitative study explores factors influencing medical students and junior doctors' decisions to pursue a career in rural psychiatry.

Global survival trends for brain tumors, by histology: analysis of individual records for 556,237 adults diagnosed in 59 countries during 2000-2014 (CONCORD-3).

Background: Survival is a key metric of the effectiveness of a health system in managing cancer. We set out to provide a comprehensive examination of worldwide variation and trends in survival from brain tumors in adults, by histology.

Methods: We analyzed individual data for adults (15-99 years) diagnosed with a brain tumor (ICD-O-3 topography code C71) during 2000-2014, regardless of tumor behavior.

Pancreatic cancer survival trends in the US from 2001 to 2014: a CONCORD-3 study.

Background: Survival from pancreatic cancer is low worldwide. In the US, the 5-year relative survival has been slightly higher for women, whites and younger patients than for their counterparts, and differences in age and stage at diagnosis [Corrections added Nov 16, 2022, after first online publication: a new affiliation is added to Maja Nikšić] may contribute to this pattern. We aimed to examine trends in survival by race, stage, age and sex for adults (15-99 years) diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in the US.

Costs of Providing Preexposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention at Community Health Centers in the United States.

Objective: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for people at risk of acquiring HIV. We assessed billable costs associated with PrEP delivery at community health centers.

Methods: The Sustainable Health Center Implementation PrEP Pilot (SHIPP) study is an observational cohort of people receiving daily oral PrEP at participating federally qualified health centers and other community health centers.

A novel and high-throughput approach to assess photosynthetic thermal tolerance of kelp using chlorophyll α fluorometry.

Foundation seaweed species are experiencing widespread declines and localized extinctions due to increased instability of sea surface temperature. Characterizing temperature thresholds are useful for predicting patterns of change and identifying species most vulnerable to extremes. Existing methods for characterizing seaweed thermal tolerance produce diverse metrics and are often time-consuming, making comparisons between species and techniques difficult, hindering insight into global patterns of change.