Proportional Assist Ventilation for Minimizing the Duration of Mechanical Ventilation (the PROMIZING study): update to the statistical analysis plan for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: We previously published the protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomized controlled trial of Proportional Assist Ventilation for Minimizing the Duration of Mechanical Ventilation: the PROMIZING study in Trials ( https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07163-w ).

Implementing Precision Medicine for Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Insights from The DCM Consortium.

Background: Clinical genetic evaluation of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is implemented variably or not at all. Identifying needs and barriers to genetic evaluations will enable strategies to enhance precision medicine care.

Methods: An online survey was conducted in June 2024 among cardiologist investigators of the DCM Consortium from US advanced heart failure/transplant (HF/TX) programs to collect demographics, training, program characteristics, genetic evaluation practices for DCM, and implementation needs.

Cilostazol in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction-The CLIP-HFpEF trial.

Background And Aims: Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) tend to have low resting and exercise heart rates. Phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE-3) inhibitors improve heart rates, haemodynamics and symptoms in patients with HFpEF. Cilostazol is an oral PDE-3 inhibitor used in peripheral artery disease.

Comparison of risk-adjusted cumulative quality control charts compared with standardized mortality ratios in critical care.

Purpose: The optimal method for monitoring intensive care unit (ICU) performance is unknown. We sought to compare process control charts using standardized mortality ratio (SMR), p-charts, and cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts for detecting increases in risk-adjusted mortality within ICUs.

Methods: Using data from 17 medical-surgical ICUs that included 29,592 patients in Ontario, Canada, we created risk-adjusted p-charts and SMRs on monthly intervals and CUSUM charts.

Antioxidant and Anti-Apoptotic Neuroprotective Effects of Cinnamon in Imiquimod-Induced Lupus.

Background: Despite accumulating evidence correlating oxidative stress with lupus disease activity, the brain redox pathways are still poorly investigated. Cinnamomum cassia, a widely used spice with powerful antioxidant properties, could be a novel therapeutic candidate in lupus.

Methods: C57BL/6J female mice were divided into five groups: sham, sham-cinnamon, lupus, lupus-cinnamon starting from induction, and lupus-cinnamon starting two weeks before induction.

Cardiomyopathies in Women.

Heart failure affects over 2.6 million people in the United States. While women have better overall survival rates, they also suffer from higher morbidity as shown by higher rates of hospitalization and worse quality of life.

Continuous low-level dietary exposure to glyphosate elicits dose and sex-dependent synaptic and microglial adaptations in the rodent brain.

Prolonged exposure to low levels of dietary contaminants is a context in modern life that could alter organ physiology gradually. Here, we aimed to investigate the impact of continuous exposure to acceptable daily intake (ADI) and non-observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) of glyphosate from gestation to adulthood using C57BL/6J mice and incorporating these levels into their food pellets. From adulthood, we analyzed neurophysiological and neuro-glia cellular adaptations in male and female animals.

Pharmacological activation of constitutive androstane receptor induces female-specific modulation of hepatic metabolism.

Background & Aims: The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is a nuclear receptor that binds diverse xenobiotics and whose activation leads to the modulation of the expression of target genes involved in xenobiotic detoxification and energy metabolism. Although CAR hepatic activity is considered to be higher in women than in men, its sex-dependent response to an acute pharmacological activation has seldom been investigated.

Methods: The hepatic transcriptome, plasma markers, and hepatic metabolome, were analysed in and male and female mice treated either with the CAR-specific agonist 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene (TCPOBOP) or with vehicle.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 is associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer metastasis and is reduced in patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most prevalent and deadliest subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), killing over 140,000 people annually. Morbidity and mortality are compounded by a lack of screening methods, and recurrence is common. Plasminogen-activator-inhibitor 1 (PAI-1, the protein product of SERPIN E1) is involved in hemostasis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and tumor cell migration and invasion.

Ozonolysis can produce long-lived greenhouse gases from commercial refrigerants.

Hydrofluoroolefins are being adopted as sustainable alternatives to long-lived fluorine- and chlorine-containing gases and are finding current or potential mass-market applications as refrigerants, among a myriad of other uses. Their olefinic bond affords relatively rapid reaction with hydroxyl radicals present in the atmosphere, leading to short lifetimes and proportionally small global warming potentials. However, this type of functionality also allows reaction with ozone, and whilst these reactions are slow, we show that the products of these reactions can be extremely long-lived.

Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Hinsberg Dearomatization Using Trimethylsilyldiazomethane.

Rhodium(II) catalyzes carbene transfer from trimethylsilyldiazomethane to arylmethyl thioethers, generating sulfonium ylides that undergo [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement, punching quaternary centers into aromatic rings. The reaction works well with naphthalene, indole, and benzofuran ring systems, but the reaction is unsuccessful with the monocyclic benzene homologue. For aryl thioethers, Rh(OAc) gives good results.

The effect of HPV vaccination on the rate of high-grade cytology in 25-year-old women attending cervical screening in Ireland.

Introduction: Women vaccinated through the initial catch-up HPV vaccination programme (2011/12 to 2013/14) first became eligible for cervical screening in 2019 at age 25. This study aims to examine the changes in detection of HG cytology outcomes in 25-year-olds screened from 2010 to 2022 compared to population data on HPV vaccination in this group.

Methods: This was an ecological-type study.

Bintrafusp Alfa With CCRT Followed by Bintrafusp Alfa Versus Placebo With CCRT Followed by Durvalumab in Patients With Unresectable Stage III NSCLC: A Phase 2 Randomized Study.

Introduction: Preclinical evaluation of bintrafusp alfa (BA) combined with radiotherapy revealed greater antitumor effects than BA or radiotherapy alone. In a phase 1 study, BA exhibited encouraging clinical activity in patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC who had received previous treatment.

Methods: This multicenter, double-blind, controlled phase 2 study (NCT03840902) evaluated the safety and efficacy of BA with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) followed by BA (BA group) versus placebo with cCRT followed by durvalumab (durvalumab group) in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC.