Skeptical reactions to breast cancer screening benefits and harms: Antecedents, consequences, and implications for screening communication.

Objective: When people receive information about the benefits and harms of mammography screening, they do not always accept it at face value and instead express skepticism. The purpose of this research was to identify the psychological drivers of this skepticism. Two theory-driven hypotheses were considered: One hypothesis proposes that skeptical reactions reflect a psychological defense against information that is emotionally aversive.

Relative muscular effort in the older adults during the sit-to-stand task: Monitoring neuromuscular reserve and movement limitations.

Background: Due to lower maximum strength, older adults purportedly need to exert greater muscular effort to stand up from a chair. This study investigated joint-specific muscular effort during a sit-to-stand by calculating relative-muscular-effort and investigating differences between healthy older and young adults.

Methods: Fifteen older (age: 69.

Immediate-use steam sterilization and the effect on surgical site infection risk in an acute care facility.

Immediate-use steam sterilization (IUSS) shortens the time of sterilization but may increase the risk of surgical site infection (SSI). Among 23,919 procedures with 416 (1.7%) procedures resulting in SSI, IUSS was associated with a 1.

Females with hip pain walk with altered kinematics at peaks and throughout the gait cycle.

Background: Females with acetabular dysplasia and/or labral tears (hip pain) exhibit altered walking kinematics, with studies reporting mixed results in sagittal and frontal planes compared to pain-free controls, often conducting only discrete analyses and warranting further investigation. The objective of this study was to investigate discrete and continuous hip and pelvic kinematics between females with and without hip pain in two walking conditions.

Methods: We collected kinematic walking data from 69 females (35 with hip pain, 34 controls) using motion capture and an instrumented treadmill in two conditions: preferred and fast (125% preferred).

Mammography Screening Preferences Among Screening-Eligible Women in Their 40s : A National U.S. Survey.

Background: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently changed its recommendation for mammography screening from informed decision making to biennial screening for women aged 40 to 49 years.

Lost in research translation: Female athletes are not male athletes, especially at the hip.

Altered shape of the proximal femur (cam morphology) or acetabulum (pincer morphology) is indicative of femoroacetabular impingement, which can result in hip pain and osteoarthritis of the hip. As mechanical load during growth affects the resulting bone shape, there is strong evidence in males that cam morphology develops during skeletal growth while physes are open, rather than as an adaptation after growth plates are closed (skeletal maturity). This adaptation is particularly evident in athletes who participate at elite levels prior to skeletal maturity.

Ontogeny of the Cytochrome P450 Superfamily in the Ornate Spiny Lobster ().

Cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) are a versatile superfamily of enzymes known to undergo rapid evolution. They have important roles across growth and development pathways in crustaceans, although it is difficult to characterise orthologs between species due to their sequence diversity. Conserved CYP450s enzymes in crustaceans are those associated with ecdysteroidogenesis: synthesising and breaking down the active moult hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone.

Protocol and validity testing of femoroacetabular posterior translation with dynamic hip ultrasonography.

Objective: To describe femoroacetabular posterior translation (FAPT) using dynamic hip ultrasonography (DHUS), and to determine the inter- and intra-rater reliability of hip ultrasound measurements of FAPT.

Materials And Methods: The study design was a feasibility study of 13 healthy young adults (26 hips) using test-retest analysis. The data was collected prospectively over a 2-week time period.

Increased Duration and Intensity of Physical Activity Are Associated With Increased Pain in Individuals With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Objective: To investigate the relation between accelerometer-measured physical activity and real-time pain in individuals with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). We tested the hypothesis that increased duration of high intensity activity would contribute to momentary increases in pain.

Design: Observational study.

Rehabilitation Phases, Precautions, and Mobility Goals Following Total Hip Arthroplasty.

The prevalence of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for advanced hip osteoarthritis (OA) is both increasing and shifting toward a younger average age. However, THA alone does not typically normalize function in these patients. Postoperative rehabilitation is often recommended to optimize joint motion, strength, and function.

Neonatal Hip Loading in Developmental Dysplasia: Finite Element Simulation of Proximal Femur Growth and Treatment.

Background: Abnormal prenatal hip joint loading can lead to compromised hip joint function. Early intervention is crucial for favorable outcomes.

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of treatment timing (initiation and duration) on cartilage growth and ossification in the proximal femur of infants with developmental dysplasia of the hip, a condition affecting newborns.

Arthritis Foundation/HSS Workshop on Hip Osteoarthritis, Part 3: Rehabilitation and Exercise.

Far more publications are available for osteoarthritis of the knee than of the hip. Recognizing this research gap, the Arthritis Foundation (AF), in partnership with the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), convened an in-person meeting of thought leaders to review the state of the science of and clinical approaches to hip osteoarthritis. This article summarizes the recommendations gleaned from 5 presentations given on hip-related rehabilitation at the 2023 Hip Osteoarthritis Clinical Studies Conference, which took place on February 17 and 18, 2023, in New York City.

Personalized Multilevel Intervention for Improving Appropriate Use of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Older Adults: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Despite guideline recommendations, clinicians do not systematically use prior screening or health history to guide colorectal cancer (CRC) screening decisions in older adults.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a personalized multilevel intervention on screening orders in older adults due for average-risk CRC screening.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Interventional 2-group parallel unmasked cluster randomized clinical trial conducted from November 2015 to February 2019 at 2 US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities: 1 academic VA medical center and 1 of its connected outpatient clinics.

Frontal plane pelvic kinematics during high velocity running: Association with hamstring injury history.

Introduction: Hamstring injuries are the most prevalent non-contact soft tissue injury in sports, with a larger portion of injuries being recurrent. The sagittal plane running kinematics correlated to hamstring injury history has been well documented. However, analysis of frontal plane kinematics allows for observation of stability and symmetry.

Assessing and Understanding Reactance, Self-Exemption, Disbelief, Source Derogation and Information Conflict in Reaction to Overdiagnosis in Mammography Screening: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation.

Purpose: Overdiagnosis is a concept central to making informed breast cancer screening decisions, and yet some people may react to overdiagnosis with doubt and skepticism. The present research assessed 4 related reactions to overdiagnosis: reactance, self-exemption, disbelief, and source derogation (REDS). The degree to which the concept of overdiagnosis conflicts with participants' prior beliefs and health messages (information conflict) was also assessed as a potential antecedent of REDS.

Health equity: A concept analysis.

Background: Although health equity is critically important for healthcare delivery, there are inconsistencies in its definitions or lack of definitions.

Purpose: Develop a comprehensive understanding of health equity to guide nursing practice and healthcare policy.

Method: Walker and Avant's concept analysis method was used to establish defining attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of health equity.

Females with hip-related pain demonstrate reduced kinetics at the hip and ankle during terminal stance of gait.

Background: Individuals with hip-related pain (HRP) commonly report pain with walking and demonstrate altered movement patterns compared to healthy controls (HCs). Individuals with HRP may attempt to reduce pain during walking by decreasing kinetics and joint forces at the hip through increased use of the ankle during pushoff.

Research Question: Do individuals with HRP have increased kinetics at the ankle and decreased kinetics at the hip during pushoff in gait compared to HCs, and do kinetic patterns differ between males and females with HRP?

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 42 individuals with HRP and 20 HCs.

Can pelvic tilt cause cam morphology? A computational model of proximal femur development mechanobiology.

Cam deformity of the proximal femur is a risk factor for early osteoarthritis. While cam morphology is related to mechanical force at a formative time in skeletal growth, the specific problematic forces contributing to the development of cam morphology remain unknown. Individuals with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome exhibit an increased anterior pelvic tilt during walking, which alters their hip joint forces.

Hip Abductor Weakness and Its Association With New or Worsened Knee Pain: Data From the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study.

Objective: Hip abductors, important for controlling pelvic and femoral orientation during gait, may affect knee pain. Our objective was to evaluate the relation of hip abductor strength to worsened or new-onset frequent knee pain. Given previously noted associations of knee extensor strength with osteoarthritis in women, we performed sex-specific analyses.

The Women's Soccer Health Study: From Head to Toe.

Objectives: Women are under-represented in the sports literature despite increasing rates of sports participation. Our objective was to investigate the risks and benefits of an elite women's soccer career in five health domains: general, musculoskeletal, reproductive endocrinology, post-concussion, and mental.

Methods: An online survey was distributed to retired US college, semi-professional, professional, and national team soccer players using personal networks, email, and social media.

Strategies for deployment of ultraviolet disinfection in an acute care facility: A quality improvement initiative.

Background: Mobile ultraviolet (UV) disinfection uses UV-C light to render microorganisms nonviable and reduce environmental transmission of pathogens in hospital settings. Optimal strategies for deployment must consider the cost, physical layout, and staffing resources. The aim of this quality improvement study was to increase UV disinfection utilization by developing novel deployment strategies without adding resources.