[Effect of AT₁ receptor on changes of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactivity in rostral ventrolateral medulla induced by brain cholinergic stimuli in rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect of AT₁ receptor on the changes of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactivity (TH-IR) in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) induced by brain cholinergic stimuli in rats.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: NS + CBC group, Los + CBC group, Los + NS group and NS + NS group. AT₁ was blocked by pretreatment of 20 μg losartan in Los + CBC and Los + NS groups; intracerebroventricular injection of 0.

Comprehensive study of alkaloids from Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum assisted by HPLC-DAD-SPE-NMR.

A comprehensive study of the alkaloids presentin the leaves of Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum, assisted by HPLC-SPE-NMR, led to the characterization of 21 compounds of similar polarity on an analytical scale. Thirteen of these were isolated for further structural confirmation.

Methylobacterium soli sp. nov. a methanol-utilizing bacterium isolated from the forest soil.

A Gram-negative, pink-pigmented, non-spore-forming rod shaped, methanol-utilizing bacterium, strain YIM 48816(T), was isolated from forest soil collected from Sichuan province, China. Strain YIM 48816(T) can grow at 4-37 °C, pH 5.0-7.

FOXP3 expression and clinical characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To study the biological and clinical characteristics of transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: We analyzed the expression and localization of FOXP3 in HCC tissues and cell lines to evaluate its biological features. The relationship between FOXP3 staining and clinical risk factors of HCC was assessed to identify the clinical characteristics of FOXP3 in HCC.

[Screening of candidate proteins interacting with Foxp3δ2 by yeast two-hybrid system].

Aim: To screen Foxp3Delta2-interacting proteins by yeast two-hybria.

Methods: pGBKT7-Foxp3Delta2 bait plasmid was constructed. Its toxicity and transcriptional activation in yeast cell AH109 was tested by observation of phenotypes and color.

A novel strategy for development of glucocorticoids through non-genomic mechanism.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are routinely believed to take effect through genomic mechanisms, which are also largely responsible for GCs' side effects. Beneficial non-genomic effects of GCs have been reported as being independent of the genomic pathway. Here, we synthesized a new type of GCs, which took effect mainly via non-genomic mechanisms.

Streptomyces sparsus sp. nov., isolated from a saline and alkaline soil.

A salt- and alkali-tolerant actinomycete strain, YIM 90018(T), was isolated from a saline and alkaline soil sample collected from Qinghai, China. Aerial hyphae of strain YIM 90018(T) were only produced on YIM 82 agar. Vegetative hyphae were well developed and did not fragment.

Planosporangium mesophilum sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of Bletilla striata.

A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile actinomycete, designated strain YIM 48875(T), was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Bletilla striata and its taxonomic position was established by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data showed that strain YIM 48875(T) belonged to the genus Planosporangium, supported by a bootstrap value of 100 %. Cells of strain YIM 48875(T) showed two kinds of sporangia, which also supported its classification in the genus Planosporangium.

Discovery and total synthesis of a new estrogen receptor heterodimerizing actinopolymorphol A from Actinopolymorpha rutilus.

Estrogen receptor ERalpha and ERbeta heterodimerization has been implicated in cancer chemoprevention. The discovery, structural elucidation, and total synthesis of a new natural product, actinopolymorphol A (1), from Actinopolymorpha rutilus (YIM45725) that preferentially induces ERalpha/beta heterodimerization is reported. Total synthesis of 1 has allowed us to determine its absolute stereochemistry and that of a previously known deacetylated congener, and 1 represents the first member of a new class of natural products not previously recognized to modulate ER function.

Rubellimicrobium roseum sp. nov., a Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the forest soil sample.

A novel pink-coloured, non-spore-forming, non-motile, Gram-negative bacterium, designated YIM 48858(T), is described by using a polyphasic approach. The strain can grow at pH 6.5-9 (optimum at pH 7) and 25-30 degrees C (optimum at 28 degrees C).

Sinosporangium album gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the suborder Streptosporangineae.

A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile actinobacterium, designated strain 6014(T), was isolated from a soil sample collected from Qinghai province, north-west China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The isolate formed elementary branching hyphae and abundant aerial mycelia with globose sporangia on ISP 4 and R2A media. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain 6014(T) contained arabinose, galactose and ribose as diagnostic sugars and meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid.

Gamma Knife irradiation-induced histopathological changes in the trigeminal nerves of rhesus monkeys.

Object: The authors' goal was to observe histopathological changes in the trigeminal nerve after Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) in rhesus monkeys, and to investigate the radiobiological mechanism of GKS for primary trigeminal neuralgia. The nerve length-dosage effect of irradiation is also discussed.

Methods: One of 5 rhesus monkeys randomly served as a control, and the other 4 monkeys were randomly administered a target radiation dose of 60, 70, 80, or 100 Gy (a different dose in each animal).

Virgibacillus xinjiangensis sp. nov., isolated from a Salt Lake of Xin-jiang Province in China.

A strictly aerobic Gram-positive, moderately halophilic spore forming bacterium, designated strain SL6-1(T), was isolated from a salt lake in Xin-jiang province, China. Growth of strain SL6-1(T) was observed at NaCl concentrations of 0 approximately 20% (w/v) (the optimum being 5 approximately 7%, w/v). The peptidoglycan type of strain SL6-1(T) was Algamma-meso-diaminopimelic acid and its major cellular fatty acids were iso-C(14:0) and iso-C(16:0) and ante-iso-C(15:0).

[Studies on the chemical constituents from the bark of Choerospondias axillaries].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Choerospondias axillaries.

Methods: All compounds were isolated and purified by normal column chromatograph, paper thin layer chromatograph and sephadex chromatograph, the chemical strucures were mainly elucidated by ESI-MS and NMR spectra.

Results: seven compouds were isolated from the Choerospondias axillaries and as following: beta-sitostero (I), hexadecanoic acid (II), correctitude fourty-two alkyl acid (III), daucosterol (IV), quercetin (V), rutinum (VI), lueolin-3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (VII).

Biphasic effects of dexamethasone on glycogen metabolism in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.

Glucocorticoids (GC), the basic function of which is modulating carbohydrates metabolism, play a critical role in stress response by enhancing the organism's resistance. It is widely believed that they could promote glycogen synthesis. However, it is doubtful whether GC can still stimulate glycogen deposition in stress response, as it is known that glucose is imperatively needed at that time.

Isolation, diversity, and antimicrobial activity of rare actinobacteria from medicinal plants of tropical rain forests in Xishuangbanna, China.

Endophytic actinobacteria are relatively unexplored as potential sources of novel species and novel natural products for medical and commercial exploitation. Xishuangbanna is recognized throughout the world for its diverse flora, especially the rain forest plants, many of which have indigenous pharmaceutical histories. However, little is known about the endophytic actinobacteria of this tropical area.

Marinococcus luteus sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from a salt lake, and emended description of the genus Marinococcus.

A Gram-positive, aerobic, motile, coccoid, orange-pigmented bacterium, designated strain YIM 91094(T), was isolated from a salt lake sample collected from Barkol Lake in Xinjiang Province, north-west China. The strain was able to grow at pH 6.0-8.

Verrucosispora lutea sp. nov., isolated from a mangrove sediment sample.

A novel Gram-positive, aerobic, spore-forming actinobacterium, designated strain YIM 013T, was isolated from a mangrove sediment sample and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The peptidoglycan type was A1gamma and the major whole-cell sugars contained glucose and xylose. The phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and some unknown phospholipids.

Micrococcus yunnanensis sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from surface-sterilized Polyspora axillaris roots.

In this study, strain YIM 65004(T), isolated from roots of Polyspora axillaris, was shown to represent a novel species of the genus Micrococcus by means of a polyphasic approach. Chemotaxonomic data gathered for peptidoglycan type, menaquinones, phospholipids and fatty acids strongly supported the classification of this strain within the genus Micrococcus: the cell-wall peptidoglycan contained lysine, glutamic acid, alanine, glycine and aspartic acid, the predominant menaquinones were MK-8(H(2)) (66.97 %) and MK-7(H(2)) (23.

Actinopolymorpha alba sp. nov., isolated from a rhizosphere soil.

A Gram-positive, milk-white coloured, aerobic strain, YIM 48868T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Maytenus hookeri Loes in Xishuangbanna, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain YIM 48868T was a member of the genus Actinopolymorpha, showing 96.8% sequence similarity to Actinopolymorpha singaporensis IM 7744T and 97.

Saccharopolyspora qijiaojingensis sp. nov., a halophilic actinomycete isolated from a salt lake.

A halophilic actinomycete strain, designated YIM 91168T, was isolated from a salt lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China. The isolate grew at 20-40 degrees C, pH 5-8 and 6-22% (w/v) NaCl; there was no growth in the absence of NaCl. The whole-cell hydrolysate contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, galactose and arabinose.

Paracoccus saliphilus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a saline soil.

A Gram-negative, coccoid to short rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain YIM 90738T, was isolated from a salt lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The strain was non-motile and grew at pH 6.0-8.

Sphaerisporangium flaviroseum sp. nov. and Sphaerisporangium album sp. nov., isolated from forest soil in China.

Two Gram-positive, aerobic actinomycete strains, designated YIM 48771(T) and YIM 48782(T), were isolated from virgin forest soil samples collected in Hunan Province, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of the two novel isolates ranged from 96.3 to 97.

Promicromonospora flava sp. nov., isolated from sediment of the Baltic Sea.

A Gram-positive, non-spore-forming actinomycete, designated strain CC 0387(T), was isolated from a sediment sample from the Baltic Sea, Germany. Classification using a polyphasic approach and comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that strain CC 0387(T) belonged to the genus Promicromonospora and displayed more than 3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence from all Promicromonospora species with validly published names. Strain CC 0387(T) did not produce aerial mycelium.