Generation of customized orbital implant templates using 3-dimensional printing for orbital wall reconstruction.

Objectives: To describe and evaluate a novel surgical approach to orbital wall reconstruction that uses three-dimensionally (3D) printed templates to mold a customized orbital implant.

Methods: A review was conducted of 11 consecutive patients who underwent orbital wall reconstruction using 3D-printed customized orbital implant templates. In these procedures, the orbital implant was 3D pressed during surgery and inserted into the fracture site.

Intraoperative lagophthalmos formula for levator resection in congenital ptosis.

Aim: To calculate a regression formula for intraoperative lagophthalmos to determine the amount of correction in levator resection for mild to moderate congenital ptosis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 38 eyelids from 28 consecutive children with congenital ptosis with levator function of 4 mm or better who showed satisfactory surgical outcomes defined as postoperative margin reflex distance-1 (MRD1) ≥3 mm in each eye and difference in MRD1 ≤1 mm between eyes at 6 months after levator resection. We investigated whether the degree of intraoperative lagophthalmos measured by calliper correlated with the preoperative values of MRD1, levator function and age.

Clinicoserological factors associated with response to steroid treatment and recurrence in patients with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease.

Purpose: To investigate the factors associated with response to steroid treatment and recurrence in patients with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (ROD).

Methods: Twenty-eight patients with biopsy-proven IgG4-ROD treated between March 2010 and January 2017 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical features, serum IgG4 levels, systemic involvement, treatments and treatment outcome, factors associated with response to treatment and recurrence were assessed.

Heterologous expression of mycobacterial Esx complexes in Escherichia coli for structural studies is facilitated by the use of maltose binding protein fusions.

The expression of heteroligomeric protein complexes for structural studies often requires a special coexpression strategy. The reason is that the solubility and proper folding of each subunit of the complex requires physical association with other subunits of the complex. The genomes of pathogenic mycobacteria encode many small protein complexes, implicated in bacterial fitness and pathogenicity, whose characterization may be further complicated by insolubility upon expression in Escherichia coli, the most common heterologous protein expression host.

The neuroprotective effect of gugijihwang-tang on trimethyltin-induced memory dysfunction in the rat.

Gugijihwang-Tang (the herbal formula PM012), a decoction consisting of several herbs including Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, has been widely used as herbal treatment for dementia. In order to investigate the neuroprotective action of this prescription, we examined the effect of Gugijihwang-Tang on learning and memory using the Morris water maze and [F-18]FDG micro PET neuroimaging technique. After injection of trimethyltin (TMT, 8.

Comparative proteomics identifies the cell-associated lethality of M. tuberculosis RelBE-like toxin-antitoxin complexes.

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) genome encodes approximately 90 toxin-antitoxin protein complexes, including three RelBE family members, which are believed to play a major role in bacterial fitness and pathogenicity. We have determined the crystal structures of Mtb RelBE-2 and RelBE-3, and the structures reveal homologous heterotetramers. Our structures suggest RelE-2, and by extension the closely related RelE-1, use a different catalytic mechanism than RelE-3, because our analysis of the RelE-2 structure predicts additional amino acid residues that are likely to be functionally significant and are missing from analogous positions in the RelE-3 structure.

Structure of the surface layer of the methanogenic archaean Methanosarcina acetivorans.

Archaea have a self-assembling proteinaceous surface (S-) layer as the primary and outermost boundary of their cell envelopes. The S-layer maintains structural rigidity, protects the organism from adverse environmental elements, and yet provides access to all essential nutrients. We have determined the crystal structure of one of the two "homologous" tandem polypeptide repeats that comprise the Methanosarcina acetivorans S-layer protein and propose a high-resolution model for a microbial S-layer.

Analysis of the clinicopathologic features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma based on 7-mm tumor size.

Background: We examined the clinicopathologic features of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) measuring≤7 mm and compared them with those of PTMCs>7 mm.

Methods: Between January 2007 and June 2009, a total of 275 patients with PTMCs underwent surgery. They were divided into two groups.

Availability of rapid human immunodeficiency virus testing in academic emergency departments.

Objectives: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends routine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening of emergency department (ED) patients aged 13 to 64 years. The study objectives were to determine the accessibility of rapid HIV testing in academic EDs, to identify factors that influence an ED's adoption of testing, and to describe current HIV testing practices.

Methods: Online surveys were sent to EDs affiliated with emergency medicine (EM) residency programs (n = 128), excluding federal hospitals and facilities in U.

A profile of US emergency departments in 2001.

Study Objective: Emergency departments (EDs) provide round-the-clock emergency care but also serve as a health care "safety net." We seek to determine the number, distribution, and characteristics of US EDs, with a long-term goal of improving access to emergency care.

Methods: We created an inventory of nonfederal nonspecialty US hospitals using 2001 data from 2 independent sources.

Diaphragmatic lipoma in a 4-year-old girl: a case report.

A lipoma of the diaphragm is extremely rare. Although most congenital diaphragmatic lipomas are encountered in middle or old age because of their typical asymptomatic nature, none have been reported in patients younger than 14 years. We report the case of a large diaphragmatic lipoma in a 4-year-old patient.

A case study of dissolved air flotation for seasonal high turbidity water in Korea.

A DAF (Dissolved-Air-Flotation) process has been designed considering raw water quality characteristics in Korea. Although direct filtration is usually operated, DAF is operated when freshwater algae blooms occur or raw water turbidity becomes high. Pre-sedimentation is operated in case when the raw water turbidity is very high due to rainstorms.

Inactivated Hantaan virus vaccine derived from suspension culture of Vero cells.

We have developed a cell culture-derived, inactivated vaccine against Hantaan virus for prevention of the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Hantaan virus was purified from a microcarrier culture of Vero E6 cells by ultrafiltration and density gradient centrifugation. Viral infection was inactivated by treatment of the viral stock with formaldehyde.

Reoperation of Recurrent Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of reoperation in recurrent gastric cancers.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 86 patients who underwent reoperation for recurrent gastric cancer. We reviewed the time interval between first operation and reoperation, as well as the recurrence pattern, type of reoperation, and survival following reoperation.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma combined with tuberculous enteritis at the same site in the jejunum.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is derived from the marginal zone B-cell compartment and can be found at a wide variety of extranodal sites, most frequently at the gastrointestinal site. Recent clinicopathologic studies suggest a relationship between MALT lymphoma and chronic inflammatory disorders, such as Helicobacter pylori infection in the stomach or autoimmune disorders, such as Sjögren's syndrome in the salivary glands. Primary gastrointestinal MALT lymphomas most commonly arise in the stomach and less often in the small and large intestine.

Selective suppression of in vitro T-dependent humoral immunity by synthetic food additive antioxidants.

Effect of antioxidants on humoral immune responses, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), n-propyl gallate (PG) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is suppression in vitro antibody production. These antioxidants all inhibited T-dependent B cell response, not T-independent and polyclonal B cell response. These data suggest that antioxidants suppress humoral immunity by suppression of regulation of T cells or action of macrophages on B cells, not by direct suppression of B cells.

Functional human hepatocytes: isolation from small liver biopsy samples and primary cultivation with liver-specific functions.

Morphologically and functionally intact human hepatocytes were isolated from small liver biopsy samples weighing about 1-2 g by initial digestion with collagenase followed by repeated digestions with trypsin. The usual yield of hepatocytes was greater than 1 x 10(7) cells per g of liver sample and cell viability, as judged by dye exclusion test, was routinely over 90%. The isolated human hepatocytes showed intact morphology under scanning electron microscope.