A hybrid critical channels and optimal feature subset selection framework for EEG fatigue recognition.

Fatigue driving is one of the potential factors threatening road safety, and monitoring drivers' mental state through electroencephalography (EEG) can effectively prevent such risks. In this paper, a new model, DE-GFRJMCMC, is proposed for selecting critical channels and optimal feature subsets from EEG data to improve the accuracy of fatigue driving recognition. The model is validated on the SEED-VIG dataset.

Impact of rare non-coding variants on human diseases through alternative polyadenylation outliers.

Although rare non-coding variants (RVs) play crucial roles in complex traits and diseases, understanding their mechanisms and identifying disease-associated RVs continue to be major challenges. Here we constructed a comprehensive atlas of alternative polyadenylation (APA) outliers (aOutliers), including 1334 3' UTR and 200 intronic aOutliers, from 15,201 samples across 49 human tissues. These aOutliers exhibit unique characteristics from transcription or splicing outliers, with a pronounced RV enrichment.

Preclinical evidence that fibroblast growth factor receptor pathway inhibition by BGJ398 enhances small cell lung cancer response to chemotherapy.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive form of lung cancer with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. In this study, we explored the therapeutic potential of BGJ398, a selective fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor, alone and in combination with standard chemotherapy (cisplatin and paclitaxel) in SCLC. High-throughput screening of kinase inhibitors was performed on three SCLC cell lines (NCI-H446, NCI-H69, and NCI-H182), identifying BGJ398 as one of the most potent and selective inhibitors.

Identification of novel KRAS neoantigen specific TCRs and a strategy to eliminate off-target recognition.

Background: T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells targeting neoantigens originated from mutations in KRAS gene have demonstrated promising outcomes in clinical trials against solid tumors. However, the challenge lies in developing tumor-specific TCRs that avoid cross-reactivity with self-antigens to minimize the possibility of severe clinical toxicities. Current research efforts have been put towards strategies to eliminate TCR off-target recognition.

Advances in micro- and nano- delivery systems for increasing the stability, bioavailability and bioactivity of coenzyme Q.

Coenzyme Q acts as a liposoluble quinone compound in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, serving as an electron carrier and protecting the cell membrane structure as an antioxidant. Coenzyme Q has notable health benefits, including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and assistance in cancer treatment. However, its poor water solubility, unstable chemical properties, and low bioavailability significantly limit its application.

Peer discrimination and diurnal cortisol output in a rural boarding school in China: Empirical findings and methodological considerations.

Adolescents' experiences of discrimination and their health consequences are understudied in non-Western cultures. Using data from 90 rural Chinese adolescents ( = 13.70; 49% female), this study examined cumulative and daily experiences of peer discrimination (based on socioeconomic status, gender, parental migration status, appearance, grades) and their associations with diurnal cortisol output.

Dual-Grid and Mixed-Precision Methods for Accelerating Plane-Wave Hybrid Functional Electronic Structure Calculations.

Hybrid functionals that incorporate exact Hartree-Fock exchange (HFX) into density functional theory (DFT) are crucial for accurately predicting the electronic structures of extended systems in condensed-matter physics and materials science. Although the exact exchange contributes only a small fraction of the total energy, HFX calculations in hybrid functionals demand significant computational resources. Here, we introduce dual-grid and mixed-precision techniques, based on two low-rank approximations, adaptively compressed exchange (ACE) and interpolative separable density fitting (ISDF) methods, to significantly improve the computational efficiency of plane-wave hybrid functional calculations in the software package PWDFT (plane wave density functional theory).

Using synthetic biology to express nitrogenase biosynthesis pathway in rice and to overcome barriers of nitrogenase instability in plant cytosol.

Engineering nitrogen fixation in cereals could reduce usage of chemical nitrogen fertilizers. Here, a nitrogenase biosynthesis pathway comprising 13 genes (nifB nifH nifD nifK nifE nifN nifX hesA nifV nifS nifU groES groEL) was introduced into rice by transforming multigene vectors and subsequently by sexual crossing between transgenic rice plants. Genome sequencing analysis revealed that 13 nif genes in F hybrid rice lines L12-13 and L8-17 were inserted at two loci on rice chromosome 1.

Reduced GATA3 expression during breast cancer progression: A potential anchor for pulmonary metastatic deposition.

Estrogen receptor (ER) is a direct and reciprocal target gene for GATA3. Previous studies have shown that higher GATA3 expression in primary breast cancer (BC) is associated with a reduced probability of developing lung metastasis when compared to those with metastatic recurrence to other organs. Further, GATA3 downregulates several genes promoting BC lung metastasis and upregulates genes encoding known inhibitors of lung metastasis.

Compound heterozygous mutations (p.L68R∗37 and p.T241N) lead to abnormal protein levels and structures in hereditary FVII deficiency.

Background: Congenital factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a genetic disorder characterized by decreased FVII activity, which sometimes leads to fatal bleeding. Numerous variants have been found in FVII deficiency, but mutations vary among patients. Each mutation deserves further exploration for each patient at risk of bleeding.

CHOP-Mediated Disruption of Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Neuronal Activity Contributes to Chronic Pain-Related Cognitive Deficits.

Objectives: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced protein homeostasis perturbation is a core pathological element in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to clarify the unique role played by C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) as a biomarker of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the etiology of chronic pain and related cognitive impairments following chronic constrictive nerve injury (CCI).

Methods: The memory capability following CCI was assessed utilizing the Morris water maze (MWM) and fear conditioning test (FCT).

Artificial intelligence-powered solutions for automated aortic diameter measurement in computed tomography: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) are often asymptomatic but present acutely with life threatening complications that necessitate emergency intervention. Aortic diameter measurement using computed tomography (CT) is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring. However, manual measurement can create challenges in clinical workflows due to its time-consuming, labour-intensive nature and susceptibility to human error.

Erratum: U1 Adaptor Oligonucleotides Targeting and Suppress Growth of Human Melanoma Xenografts .

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2013.

Prediction values of different lymph nodes staging systems for survival of children with Wilms tumor.

Background: Wilms tumor is one of the most common pediatric kidney cancers with poor prognosis. This study aims to explore the predictive values of lymph nodes (LNs), positive lymph node density (LND) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) for the 5-year mortality of children with Wilms tumor.

Methods: The cohort study collected the data of 874 participants with Wilms tumor in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Isolated Central Nervous System Infiltrated and Progressed to Acute Myeloid Leukemia from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with e1a3 BCR-ABL1 Transcript: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.

The chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is easily diagnosed by laboratory examination, however, rare BCR-ABL1 mRNA transcripts variants, such as e1a3 present diagnosis and therapeutic challenges. This case report details the diagnosis and management of a CML patient with the e1a3 transcript by FISH and RT-PCR. Following initial diagnosis, the patient was treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) Flumatinib.

Phytosomes Loaded with Mastoparan-M Represent a Novel Strategy for Breast Cancer Treatment.

Purpose: Mastoparan-M (Mast-M) has cytotoxic effects on various tumor cells in vitro, including liver cancer and colorectal cancer. However, the anti-tumor mechanism of Mast-M remains unclear and its potential for anti-tumor therapy has not been investigated. Herein, we aimed to develop a novel phytosome formulation loaded with Mast-M and evaluate its efficacy against breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo.

Development and performance validation of an affordable and portable high-resolution darkfield polarization-sensitive multispectral imaging microscope for the assessment of radiation dermatitis and fibrosis.

Radiation therapy (RT) is widely used for cancer treatment but is found with side effects of radiation dermatitis and fibrosis thereby calling for timely assessment. Nevertheless, current clinical assessment methods are found to be subjective, prone to bias, and accompanied by variability. There is, therefore, an unmet clinical need to explore a new assessment technique, ideally portable and affordable, making it accessible to less developed regions too.

WRKY transcription factors: Hubs for regulating plant growth and stress responses.

As sessile organisms, plants must directly face various stressors. Therefore, plants have evolved a powerful stress resistance system and can adjust their growth and development strategies appropriately in different stressful environments to adapt to complex and ever-changing conditions. Nevertheless, prioritizing defensive responses can hinder growth; this is a crucial factor for plant survival but is detrimental to crop production.

The Outcome of Ongoing Adult Endocrine Engagement Following Transition From Paediatric Care.

Objective: Transition is important for continuity of care for patients with chronic health conditions. The aim of this service evaluation was to determine the effectiveness of a transition clinic at a tertiary hospital with long-term attendance in the adult endocrine service.

Design: Retrospective case notes review of patients seen by paediatric endocrinology at the Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, at the time of transition to adult services, between 2012 and 2022.

Single-crystal CsPbBr-based vertical cavity surface emitting laser.

All-inorganic perovskite materials have been widely used in various devices, including lasers, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and solar cells, due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Devices utilizing high-quality single crystals are anticipated to achieve significantly enhanced performance. In this work, we present a high-performance vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) based on a single-crystal CsPbBr microplatelet, fabricated through a simple solution process and sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflector (DBRs).

High-security physical layer encryption scheme for dual-mode index modulation-aided OFDM in magnetic induction communication.

A high security physical layer encryption scheme for dual-mode orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (DM-OFDM-IM) in magnetic induction communication is proposed. The scheme utilizes DM-OFDM-IM, where subcarriers within each subblock are divided into two groups, each modulated by distinct signal constellations. DM-OFDM-IM leverages the sequential information from the modulated constellation to transmit extra information, leading to a substantial enhancement in spectral efficiency.

Misalignment tolerance enhancement of vector beams in a free-space optical communication link.

Optical misalignment between transmitter and receiver leads to power loss and mode crosstalk in a mode division multiplexing (MDM) free-space optical (FSO) link. We report both numerical simulations and experimental results on the propagation performance of two typical vector beams, C-point polarization full Poincaré beams (FPB), and V-point polarization cylindrical vector beams (CVB), compared to homogeneous polarization scalar vortex beams (SVB) under optical misalignment. The FSO communication performance under misalignment using different transmit beams is evaluated in terms of power loss, mode crosstalk, power penalty, etc.

640 Gbit/s FSO turbulence-resilient field trial utilizing the cylindrical vector beam.

Free-space optical (FSO) communication has the advantages of large bandwidth and high security and being license-free, making it the preferred solution for addressing the "last kilometer" of information transmission. However, it is susceptible to fluctuations in the received optical power (ROP) due to atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors, resulting in the inevitable free-space optical communication transmission performance degradation. In this work, we experimentally verified the turbulence resistance of the cylindrical vector beam (CVB) over a 3 km long free-space field trial link.

Systematic bibliographic analysis of heavy metal remediation.

Heavy metals pose a significant threat to human health, with contaminated water sources linked to severe conditions, including gastric cancer. Consequently, the effective remediation of heavy metals is crucial. This study employs a bibliographic analysis to examine key methodologies, leading organizations, and prominent countries involved in heavy metal remediation.

Evidence and perspectives on miRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: a bibliometric study.

Objective: miRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA play crucial roles in the pathogenesis and progression of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI). This study aims to provide valuable insights into miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA, and MI/RI from a bibliometric standpoint, with the goal of fostering further advancements in this area.

Methods: The relevant literature in the field of miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA, and MI/RI was retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) database within Web of Science.