Rapid triage and transfer system for patients with proven Covid-19 at emergency department.

Background: COVID-19 is a viral disease notorious for frequent worldwide outbreaks. It is difficult to control, thereby resulting in overload of the healthcare system. A possible solution to prevent overcrowding is rapid triage of patients, which makes it possible to focus care on the high-risk patients and minimize the impact of crowding on patient prognosis.

NMR- and MS-Based Untargeted Metabolomic Study of Stool and Serum Samples from Patients with Anorexia Nervosa.

Anorexia nervosa (AN), a pathological restriction of food intake, leads to metabolic dysregulation. We conducted a metabolomics study to reveal changes caused by AN and the effect of hospital realimentation on metabolism. Both stool and serum from patients with AN and healthy controls were analyzed by NMR and MS.

The intestinal microbiota and metabolites in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Brain-gut microbiota interactions are intensively studied in connection with various neurological and psychiatric diseases. While anorexia nervosa (AN) pathophysiology is not entirely clear, it is presumably linked to microbiome dysbiosis. We aimed to elucidate the gut microbiota contribution in AN disease pathophysiology.

Diet Rich in Simple Sugars Promotes Pro-Inflammatory Response via Gut Microbiota Alteration and TLR4 Signaling.

Diet is a strong modifier of microbiome and mucosal microenvironment in the gut. Recently, components of western-type diets have been associated with metabolic and immune diseases. Here, we studied how high-sugar diet (HSD) consumption influences gut mucosal barrier and immune response under steady state conditions and in a mouse model of acute colitis.

Lipid Profiling in Epicardial and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Coronary artery disease is one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is even more prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who suffer from obesity and increased accumulation of epicardial fat with a possible contributing role in the development of coronary artery disease. We performed an MS-based lipidomic analysis of subcutaneous and epicardial adipose tissue in 23 patients with coronary artery disease stratified for the presence/absence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a control group of 13 subjects aiming at identification of factors from epicardial fat contributing to the development of coronary artery disease.

Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Barrier Function in A Patient with Anorexia Nervosa after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.

The change in the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in a patient suffering from severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (AN) and diagnosed with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO) was investigated. Microbial gut dysbiosis is associated with both AN and SIBO, and therefore gut microbiome changes by serial fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a possible therapeutic modality. This study assessed the effects of FMT on gut barrier function, microbiota composition, and the levels of bacterial metabolic products.

Diet Rich in Animal Protein Promotes Pro-inflammatory Macrophage Response and Exacerbates Colitis in Mice.

Diet is a major factor determining gut microbiota composition and perturbances in this complex ecosystem are associated with the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we used gnotobiotic approach to analyze, how interaction between diet rich in proteins and gut microbiota influences the sensitivity to intestinal inflammation in murine model of ulcerative colitis. We found that diet rich in animal protein (aHPD) exacerbates acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis while diet rich in plant protein (pHPD) does not.

Minor lipids profiling in subcutaneous and epicardial fat tissue using LC/MS with an optimized preanalytical phase.

Analysis of bioactive lipids in adipose tissue could lead to better understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and its complications. However, current MS methods are limited by a high content of triacylglycerols (TAGs), which markedly surpasses the amount of other lipids and suppresses their ionization. The aim of our study was thus to optimize the preanalytical phase of lipid analysis in adipose tissue, focusing in particular on less-abundant lipids.

Metabolomic Study of Obesity and Its Treatment with Palmitoylated Prolactin-Releasing Peptide Analog in Spontaneously Hypertensive and Normotensive Rats.

In this study, the combination of metabolomics and standard biochemical and biometric parameters was used to describe the metabolic effects of diet-induced obesity and its treatment with the novel antiobesity compound palm-PrRP31 (palmitoylated prolactin-releasing peptide) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). The results showed that SHR on a high-fat (HF) diet were normoglycemic with obesity and hypertension, while WKY on the HF diet were normotensive and obese with prediabetes. NMR-based metabolomics revealed mainly several microbial cometabolites altered by the HF diet, particularly in urine.

Disease-Causing Variants in the ATL1 Gene Are a Rare Cause of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia among Czech Patients.

Variants in the ATL1 gene have been repeatedly described as the second most frequent cause of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), a motor neuron disease manifested by progressive lower limb spasticity and weakness. Variants in ATL1 have been described mainly in patients with early onset HSP. We performed Sanger sequencing of all coding exons and adjacent intron regions of the ALT1 gene in 111 Czech patients with pure form of HSP and additional Multiplex-Ligation Probe Analysis (MLPA) testing targeting the ATL1 gene in 56 of them.

SPAST mutation spectrum and familial occurrence among Czech patients with pure hereditary spastic paraplegia.

The SPAST gene has a major role in hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs). This is the first report mapping characteristics of the SPAST gene in a large cohort of Czech HSP patients. All 17 coding exons of the SPAST gene were Sanger sequenced in 327 patients from 263 independent families with suspected uncomplicated HSP.

Vaccination of patients with diabetes mellitus--a retrospective study.

402 subjects with diabetes mellitus have been vaccinated of the total of 34,000 vaccinees immunized during the study period of 9 and half months. Altogether 229 diabetic patients (56.97%) have been vaccinated'against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and 74 (18.

[New radiopharmaceuticals and positron-emission tomography applications at the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute in Brno].

The construction and launch of the cyclotron & PET centre at the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, which is run in cooperation with the Nuclear Research Institute Praha-Rez, allows the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute to engage in the research, development and application of new radiopharmaceuticals including compounds labelled by short-living positron emitters (especially 11C). For the immediate future, new projects are planned, e.g.

Expression of mRNAs related to connective tissue metabolism in rat hepatic stellate cells and myofibroblasts.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and liver myofibroblasts (MFB) are two cell populations most likely responsible for the synthesis of most connective tissue components in fibrotic liver. They differ in their origin and location, and possibly in patterns of gene expression. Normal and carbon tetrachloride-cirrhotic livers from rats were used to isolate HSC.

Prognostic relevance of the FAB morphological criteria in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlations with IgVH gene mutational status and other prognostic markers.

Morphological examination is the routine first step in the diagnosis of hematological malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Atypical cell morphology according to the FAB criteria is known to herald disease progression. Several years ago, it was proposed that FAB morphology at diagnosis had a considerable prognostic impact.

Expression of cytoskeletal proteins in hepatic stellate cells isolated from normal and cirrhotic rat liver.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are located in Disse spaces of normal rat liver. In their quiescent state they serve as a storage site for vitamin A. In fibrotic liver they become activated, proliferate and they undergo transdifferentiation into myofibroblast-like cells.

The long-term effects of using a higher amount of iodine supplement on the efficiency of laying hens.

1. Two different levels of dietary iodine supplement (K + 0, 3.57 mg/kg; K + I, 6.

Preventive effects of raloxifene and melatonin in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate preventive effects of raloxifene (RAL), melatonin (MEL) and their combination in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. MEL-treatment began 12 days and RAL treatment began 10 days prior to carcinogen administration and continued till the end of experiment (24 weeks after first carcinogen administration). RAL was administered subcutaneously twice a week in the dose of 5 mg/kg b.

Histological correlation between different centers using the skin explant model to predict graft-versus-host disease following bone marrow transplantation.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains the major complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) with an incidence of 40-60% and a mortality of up to 50%. Several assays have been developed to try to predict the development of GVHD including the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction, cytotoxic and helper T lymphocyte precursor frequency assays. In the Northern region of England we have used an in vitro skin explant model for predicting GVHD in MHC compatible bone marrow transplant recipients since 1988.

An in vitro skin explant assay as a predictive assay for graft-versus-host disease in a cohort of pediatric transplants.

Severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) remains a serious complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. An in vitro skin explant assay was used to predict the occurrence and severity of acute GvHD in a cohort of 30 pediatric patients undergoing human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling transplants (20 patients) and matched or one antigen mismatched unrelated donor transplants (10 patients). In the cohort of HLA-matched sibling transplants, the result appeared to reflect the degree of GvHD prophylaxis.

Effects of tamoxifen and melatonin on mammary gland cancer induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, respectively, in female Sprague-Dawley rats.

Chemopreventive effects were analysed of antioestrogen TAM and of MEL on NMU- or DMBA-induced mammary gland cancer, respectively, in female Sprague-Dawley rats. NMU was administered intraperitoneally in two doses each of 50 mg/kg b.w.

Use of a skin explant model for predicting GVHD in HLA-matched bone marrow transplants - effect of GVHD prophylaxis.

Over the last decade we have successfully evaluated the use of a human skin explant assay for predicting acute GVHD in HLA-matched sibling transplants. In the present study, we modified GVHD prophylaxis on an individual patient basis depending on the GVHD outcome predicted by the skin explant model. We have summarised our previous data describing how the skin explant assay results correctly predict GVHD occurrence and severity in 45/56 patients (80%); P< 0.

[The importance of tapering the intestines in congenital intestinal atresia].

Extensive intestinal resections in inborn intestinal atresias are the second most frequent cause of the short gut syndrome. Because treatment of this condition is so far minimal, prevention is of fundamental importance. One possible approach is tapering of the gut, i.

Type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase and uncoupling protein in brown adipose tissue of human newborns.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the major thermogenic organ of the human neonate. To determine whether it is also active in the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, as shown in several animal species, interscapular BAT from 13 newborns of 25-40 weeks gestational age who survived 4 days, at most, was investigated. BAT was found to contain significant amounts of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP), the rate-limiting component of heat production.