Neuroplasticity changes in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) indexed by event-related desynchronization/synchronization during a motor inhibition task.

Purpose: Event-related desynchronisation (ERD) and event-related synchronisation (ERS) reflect pain perception and integration of the nociceptive sensory inputs. This may contribute to the understanding of how neurophysiological markers of Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) patients can differ from control individuals, which would improve aspects such as prediction and prognosis. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of our cohort study (DEFINE cohort), KOA arm, with 71 patients, compared with 65 control participants.

Olfactory meta-cognition in individuals with depressive and anxiety symptoms: The differential role of common and social odors.

Background: Diminished olfactory functioning has been reported in depression, whereas evidence in anxiety disorders is still controversial. Olfactory meta-cognitive abilities (i.e.

The social odor scale: Development and initial validation of a new scale for the assessment of social odor awareness.

The degree of attention individuals pay to olfactory cues (called odor awareness) influences the role of odors in everyday life. Particularly, odors produced by the human body (i.e.

Placement of a customised load-bearing titanium plate for prevention of iatrogenic mandibular fracture in surgical removal of odontogenic keratocyst recurrence.

A 72-year-old woman with a history of removal of a right hemimandibular keratocyst 10 years ago was referred to our attention for a large swelling of the right cheek. The orthopantomography and the CT scan showed a huge osteolytic area of the right mandibular ramus and angle. The patient's refusal to resection and reconstruction with a free flap pushed us towards a conservative treatment.

CT volume of enhancement of disease (VED) can predict the early response to treatment and overall survival in patients with advanced HCC treated with sorafenib.

Objectives: To analyse the predictive value of the volume of enhancement of disease (VED), based on the CT arterial enhancement coefficient (ΔArt%), in the evaluation of the sorafenib response in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Patients with sorafenib-treated advanced HCC, who underwent a multiphase contrast-enhanced CT before (T0) and after 60-70 days of starting therapy (T1), were included. The same target lesions utilised for the response evaluation according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria were retrospectively used for the ΔArt% calculation ([(HU - HU) / HU] × 100).

Central giant cell granuloma of the mandibular condyle: A rare case and a literature review.

Introduction: Central giant cell granuloma is a benign intraosseous lesion; tumours in the condylar region are rarely reported.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 60-year-old woman with preauricular swelling, limitation of joint motion and pain on only the right side.

Discussion: The patient was evaluated based on her preoperative clinical manifestations, by orthopantomography and computed tomography (CT).

Facial Trauma: A Retrospective Study of 1262 Patients.

Introduction: Traumatic injuries are the leading cause of death among <40 year olds, a good part of the working age population. Traumatic injuries are also the leading cause of lost productivity, causing more lost working days than cancer or vascular cardiomyopathy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively and statistically analyzed the characteristics of facial fractures treated between June 2010 and December 2016 at the Maxillofacial Adult Surgery Unit, Spedali Civili Brescia, Italy.

Proteomic identification of altered protein O-GlcNAcylation in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

PET scan analysis demonstrated the early reduction of cerebral glucose metabolism in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients that can make neurons vulnerable to damage via the alteration of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). Defective HBP leads to flawed protein O-GlcNAcylation coupled, by a mutual inverse relationship, with increased protein phosphorylation on Ser/Thr residues. Altered O-GlcNAcylation of Tau and APP have been reported in AD and is closely related with pathology onset and progression.

The first case of osteoma of the mandibular notch located both medially and laterally and treated with a transoral endoscopy assisted approach. A case report.

Introduction: Osteomas are slow-growing benign tumours composed of mature compact or cancellous bone and are seen in facial bones but uncommonly in the mandible; cases that arise in the notch region are rarely reported in the literature.

Presentation Of Case: This article presents a 37-year-old woman with no preauricular swelling, no limitation of joint motion and pain only on the left side.

Discussion: The patient was evaluated based on preoperative clinical manifestations, orthopantomography and a computed tomography (CT) scan.

Unusually rapid development of a lateral neck mass: Diagnosis and treatment of a branchial cleft cyst. A case report.

Introduction: Branchial cleft cysts are benign lesions caused by anomalous development of the branchial cleft. Cases that arise in the lateral neck region are often misdiagnosed, resulting initially in inappropriate management.

Case Presentation: We describe a 32-year-old woman with a swelling on the right side of her neck and no pain during palpation or neck motion.

Soft-Tissue Chondroma in the Preauricular Region: An Unusual Presentation.

Chondroma is a benign cartilaginous tumor composed of mature hyaline cartilage and represents only 2.38% of all osteocartilaginous tumors; cases that arise in the preauricular region are rarely found in the literature. This article presents an 80-year-old man with preauricular swelling on the right side and pain with no limitation of joint motion.

A Hemangioma of the Zygomatic Bone: Management Ensuring Good Reconstructive and Aesthetic Results.

Hemangiomas are benign tumors representing only 0.7 to 1% of all bone tumors; those that arise in the zygomatic region are rarely described in the literature. Here, we describe the case of a 55-year-old woman with a mass in the right orbitozygomatic region.

New Management in Bilateral Masseter Muscle Hypertrophy.

Bilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy is an alteration in shape and thickness of the masseter muscles that can modify the width of the lower face causing aesthetic and functional problems. A 21-year-old man was referred to the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery at the Civil Hospital in Brescia by his dentist for an evaluation of his facial appearance with a square-face type. To reduce the undesirable facial appearance, a surgical intraoral approach was performed; the procedure includes the bilateral dissection of the masseter muscle, partial lipectomy, and the ostectomy of the mandibular angle assisted by a surgical guide built on a stereolithographic model.

A Robotic Solution for Assisting People with MCI at Home: Preliminary Tests of the ENRICHME System.

Robots have the potential to support care and independence of older adults. The ENRICHME project is developing an integrated system composed of a robot, sensors and a networking care platform, aiming at assisting older adults with MCI in their home environment. This paper reports findings of the tests performed on a sample of MCI users and their caregivers, with the first version of the ENRICHME system, in a controlled environment.

Repetition of Examination Due to Motion Artifacts in Horizontal Cone Beam CT: Comparison among Three Different Kinds of Head Support.

Aims And Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the repetition rate of examination due to motion artifacts in horizontal cone beam computed tomography, using three different kinds of head support, with reference to the patient's age. Further purpose was to evaluate how comfortable head supports were.

Materials And Methods: Seven hundred and fifty patients underwent a maxillofacial/dental arches volumetric imaging scan.

The prion protein regulates glutamate-mediated Ca entry and mitochondrial Ca accumulation in neurons.

The cellular prion protein (PrP) whose conformational misfolding leads to the production of deadly prions, has a still-unclarified cellular function despite decades of intensive research. Following our recent finding that PrP limits Ca entry via store-operated Ca channels in neurons, we investigated whether the protein could also control the activity of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). To this end, we compared local Ca movements in primary cerebellar granule neurons and cortical neurons transduced with genetically encoded Ca probes and expressing, or not expressing, PrP Our investigation demonstrated that PrP downregulates Ca entry through each specific agonist-stimulated iGluR and after stimulation by glutamate.

Massive Cervicothoracic Subcutaneous Emphysema and Pneumomediastinum Developing during a Dental Hygiene Procedure.

Subcutaneous emphysema is rare during or after dental procedures (usually extractions). Here, we describe the case of a 65-year-old woman who developed massive cervicothoracic subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum during a dental hygiene procedure employing an artificial airflow. She was diagnosed based on clinical manifestations and computed tomography (CT).

Safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib in splanchnic vein thrombosis associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is one of the vascular complications of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). We designed a phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib in reducing splenomegaly and improving disease-related symptoms in patients with MPN-associated SVT. Patients diagnosed with myelofibrosis (12 cases), polycythemia vera (5 cases) and essential thrombocythemia (4 cases) received ruxolitinib for 24 weeks in the core study period.

Focal Liver Lesions Classification and Characterization: What Value Do DWI and ADC Have?

Objective: The aim of this work was to analyze the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the classification/characterization of focal liver lesions (FLLs).

Methods: Retrospective study, approved by ethical board, of 100 proven FLLs (20 hemangiomas, 20 focal nodular hyperplasia, 20 dysplastic nodules, 20 hepatocellular carcinomas, and 20 metastases) was performed by 1.5-T MR.

The role of diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer: A comparison with unenhanced and Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI.

Objectives: To compare the role of DWI vs. gadoxetic-acid-disodium enhanced MRI in the detection of colorectal hepatic metastases.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with 115 hepatic metastases were included in this retrospective study, approved by the Ethical Board.

The prion protein constitutively controls neuronal store-operated Ca(2+) entry through Fyn kinase.

The prion protein (PrP(C)) is a cell surface glycoprotein mainly expressed in neurons, whose misfolded isoforms generate the prion responsible for incurable neurodegenerative disorders. Whereas PrP(C) involvement in prion propagation is well established, PrP(C) physiological function is still enigmatic despite suggestions that it could act in cell signal transduction by modulating phosphorylation cascades and Ca(2+) homeostasis. Because PrP(C) binds neurotoxic protein aggregates with high-affinity, it has also been proposed that PrP(C) acts as receptor for amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and that PrP(C)-Aβ binding mediates AD-related synaptic dysfunctions following activation of the tyrosine kinase Fyn.

Edentulous mandible: clinical results of reconstruction with fresh frozen bone.

Aim: The aim of this study was the clinical and radiological evaluation in severe mandibular atrophy (class V-VI Cadwood-Howell) of bone grafts with homologous fresh frozen bone (FFB) in patients with dysesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve with or without transposition of the NAI in order to perform a proper implant-prosthetic rehabilitation.

Methods: This article presents our experience in mandibular reconstructions performed in 12 patients with severe mandibular atrophy and dysesthesia performing onlay grafts with FFB and subsequent implant-prosthetic rehabilitation.

Results: The surgical protocol of homologous bone graft in symptomatic patients with severe mandibular atrophy presented an excellent clinical outcome with disappearance of dysesthesia in all patients treated, good graft integration and a complete implant-prosthetic rehabilitation with loss of only 3 implants at the 24-36 month follow up visit.

The pedicled buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction.

Aim: Aim of the study was to present a follow-up on 46 cases in which pedical buccal fat pad (BFP) flaps were used to repair oral defects without any additional local flaps or skin grafts.

Methods: The study comprised 46 patients, 31 men and 15 women, with an age range of 30-78 years (mean age 57.3 years).

A rare case of intraosseous fibrolipoma of the mandible: diagnosis and treatment.

Lipomas are common soft tissue tumors. Intraosseous lipoma is a rare lesion that constitutes not more than 0.1% of bone tumors.