[Renal adenocarcinoma in children. Report of a case].

Description of the accidental finding of a renal adenocarcinoma in a 10-year old boy, after abdominal trauma and with a good evolutive behaviour. The clinical, diagnostic, therapeutical and survival aspects are analyzed, including a literature update of a renal neoformation which shows lower paediatric incidence than Wilm's Tumour or Neuroblastoma.

Insulin and lipogenesis in rat adipocytes. II. Effect of high levels of insulin and glucose on lipid synthesis in isolated rat adipocytes.

Insulin resistant states are characterized by receptor and post-receptor defects in insulin action. When the insulin resistant state progresses, elevated levels of insulin are accompanied by increasing levels of glucose. In a previous paper we demonstrated that treatment of isolated adipocytes with high levels of insulin led to a decrease in insulin binding as well as a decrease in basal and insulin-stimulated lipid synthesis.

Thrice-weekly cotrimoxazole is better than weekly dapsone-pyrimethamine for the primary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of two intermittent regimens for the simultaneous primary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients.

Design: Prospective randomized open trial.

Setting: HIV outpatient clinic of an Infectious Disease Service and a 1000-bed university teaching hospital.

Low-dose interferon alpha combined with zidovudine in patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.

Forty patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) treated with the combination of interferon alpha-2b (IFN-alpha) 10-20 MU day-1 and zidovudine (ZDV), 500-800 mg day-1, were evaluated for safety and efficacy. Eighteen patients (45%) had an overall response (CR+PR) at 3 months and a response persisting for a median of 14 (3-27) months. Patients with a CD4 count of less than 300 mm-3, prior to opportunistic infections or constitutional symptoms, were less likely to respond.

Insulin and lipogenesis in rat adipocytes. I. Effect of insulin incubation on lipid synthesis by isolated rat adipocytes.

To assess the effect of insulin on lipid synthesis in isolated rat adipocytes, cells were preincubated for 3 h with high concentrations (16.6 nM) of the hormone and lipogenesis measured through 14C-acetate incorporation into lipids, analyzing at the same time the activity of some lipogenic enzymes. It was found that insulin induced not only a decrease in the number of insulin receptors but a 30% loss in basal and insulin-stimulated acetate incorporation into total lipids as well as a decrease in the activities of enzymes related to the novo fatty acid synthesis pathway as malic enzyme and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Clindamycin vs penicillin for anaerobic lung infections. High rate of penicillin failures associated with penicillin-resistant Bacteroides melaninogenicus.

Thirty-seven adult patients with anaerobic lung infections (27 lung abscesses and 10 necrotizing pneumonias) were submitted to transthoracic needle-aspiration and/or bronchoscopic specimen brush cultures before therapy and thereafter in all cases considered to be failures. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either clindamycin, 600 mg intravenously every 6 hours, or penicillin G, 2 million U every 4 hours for no less than 8 days, until clinical and radiological improvement became apparent. Treatment was continued orally with clindamycin, 300 mg every 6 hours, or penicillin V, 750 mg every 6 hours, until completing a minimum of 4 weeks.

[Conservative treatment of urethral stenosis in childhood].

During a 19 years period (1969-March 1988) 22 children presented for treatment of urethral strictures. The patients ranged in age from neonatal period to 13 years old, 20 of them were boys and 2 girls. We have found 3 congenital cases, 5 traumatic cases, 9 inflammatory (versus infections) cases and 5 iatrogenic cases.

Cystic teratoma of the mesentery.

Cystic teratoma is an unusual cause of mesenteric/omental cysts. A case of cystic teratoma of the mesentery in a 5-year-old girl is reported.

Tetanus and botulinum toxins block the release of acetylcholine from slices of rat striatum and from the isolated electric organ of Torpedo at different concentrations.

Tetanus toxin, like botulinum toxin type A, blocks cholinergic synaptic transmission at the central and peripheral nervous systems. Nevertheless, the diseases induced by the two toxins are different since tetanus toxin induces a spastic paralysis and botulinum toxin elicits a flaccid paralysis. Thus, we have investigated the sensitivity of a central and a peripheral cholinergic synapse to these two toxins.

[Computerized management in the surveillance of nosocomial infections].

A personal computerised system was developed for the on-going assessment and monitoring of hospital infections. The system involves the computer processing of clinical analyses. It also selects and statistically processes the data from microbiological tests conducted on hospital patients and staff.

Depolarization-induced release of ATP from cholinergic synaptosomes is not blocked by botulinum toxin type A.

We report here the effects of Botulinum Toxin type A on the release of ATP and Acetylcholine from Torpedo electric organ synaptosomes. Our results show that Botulinum Toxin type A inhibits specifically the K(+)-induced release of Acetylcholine from synaptosomes without affecting the release of ATP. Membrane potential and calcium uptake into cholinergic nerve terminals are not modified after Botulinum Toxin poisoning.

Etiological agent and primary source of infection in 42 cases of focal intracranial suppuration.

The microbiological findings for 42 patients with focal intracranial suppuration were analyzed and correlated with the different sources of primary infection. Streptococcus spp. were identified in focal intracranial suppuration of all origins except postcraniotomy.

[Segmental dilatation of the ileum].

Three cases of segmental dilatation of ileum surgically are presented. Authors have reviewed medical literature since the first case reported in 1959, and have been able to collect 33 cases. Although it is considered an identical entity involving either colon or small bowel, clinical picture and age of presentation are different.

[Automated management of information in the microbiology department of a hospital analysis laboratory. Practical evaluations and operational proposals].

The computer has now an important role in analysis laboratory. Particularly the microbiological sector may receive a considerable support by the computer. In fact it's possible to form an effective epidemiologic hospital observatory, by making a systematic and continuous control of bacterial ecology in hospital wards, through the statistical results elaborated by computer.

Gastroscopic cytology in intestinal metaplasia.

Based on the findings of goblet cells the authors established cytologic criteria for the diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia. With this technique they made the diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia in 79.4% of the cases surgically confirmed, this contrast to endoscopic biopsy with only 35.