Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of a U.S. Hospital-based Radiology Practice.

Background Climate change, driven primarily by human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, poses major risks to human health. Health care contributes 8.5% of GHG emissions in the United States.

Remote Density Measurements of Molten Salts via Neutron Radiography.

With an increased interest in the use of molten salts in both nuclear and non-nuclear systems, measuring important thermophysical properties of specific salt mixtures becomes critical in understanding salt performance and behavior. One of the more basic and significant thermophysical properties of a given salt system is density as a function of temperature. With this in mind, this work aims to present and layout a novel approach to measuring densities of molten salt systems using neutron radiography.

Crop wild relatives of the United States require urgent conservation action.

The contributions of crop wild relatives (CWR) to food security depend on their conservation and accessibility for use. The United States contains a diverse native flora of CWR, including those of important cereal, fruit, nut, oil, pulse, root and tuber, and vegetable crops, which may be threatened in their natural habitats and underrepresented in plant conservation repositories. To determine conservation priorities for these plants, we developed a national inventory, compiled occurrence information, modeled potential distributions, and conducted threat assessments and conservation gap analyses for 600 native taxa.

Crop Wild Relatives as Germplasm Resource for Cultivar Improvement in Mint ( L.).

is a strongly scented herb of the (formerly ) and includes about 30 species and hybrid species that are distributed or introduced throughout the globe. These fragrant plants have been selected throughout millennia for use by humans as herbs, spices, and pharmaceutical needs. The distilling of essential oils from mint began in Japan and England but has become a significant industrial product for the US, China, India, and other countries.

Strain-Specific Differences in Survival of spp. in Naturally Contaminated Turkey Feces and Water.

and are leading causes of human foodborne illness, with poultry as a major vehicle. Turkeys are frequently colonized with , but little is known about survival in turkey feces, even though fecal droppings are major vehicles for within-flock transmission as well as for environmental dissemination. Our objective was to examine survival of , including different strains, in freshly excreted feces from naturally colonized commercial turkey flocks and in suspensions of turkey feces in water from the turkey house.

Arthroscopic Management of Glenohumeral Arthritis.

Glenohumeral arthritis in the young adult is a particularly challenging condition for which optimal treatment algorithms have yet to be established. Arthroscopic joint-preserving treatments have the advantage of delaying arthroplasty in this younger population while maintaining the patient's natural anatomy and do not appear to compromise later arthroplasty. Various surgical techniques are available such that the overall procedure is tailored to the patient's individual pathology.

Emaciation and Sporadic Mortality in Older Laying Hens Caused by Intussusception of the Proventriculus.

Laying hens ( = 2267) ranging in age from 2 to 4 yr in a study evaluating ovarian cancer prevention were necropsied. Those that died or were culled during the 2-yr study ( = 1591) were necropsied weekly to determine the most probable cause of death or culling and cancer status. Hens surviving until the end of the study ( = 676) were euthanized and necropsied.

Performance of biological mesh materials in abdominal wall reconstruction: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Abdominal wall hernias are a common source of morbidity and mortality. The use of biological mesh has become an important adjunct in successful abdominal wall reconstruction. There are a variety of biological mesh products available; however, there is limited evidence supporting the use of one type over another.

A Prospective Evaluation of the Utility of a Hybrid Operating Suite for Severely Injured Patients: Overstated or Underutilized?

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the utility, clinical impact, and work flow of a new trauma hybrid operating theater.

Summary Background Data: The potential utility and clinical benefit of hybrid operating theaters are increasingly postulated. Unfortunately, the clinical outcomes and efficiencies of these environments remain unclear.

Laparoscopic retrieval of a sewing needle from the liver: A case report.

Introduction: Less than 1% of ingested foreign bodies will require surgical management. An uncommon complication of ingested foreign body is migration to the liver. We present a case of laparoscopic removal of an intrahepatic foreign body.

Medical physics 3.0 versus 1.0: A case study in digital radiography quality control.

Purpose: The study illustrates how a renewed approach to medical physics, Medical Physics 3.0 (MP3.0), can identify performance decrement of digital radiography (DR) systems when conventional Medical Physics 1.

Screening for comorbid conditions in patients enrolled in the SODA registry: a 2-year observational analysis.

Purpose: This 2-year analysis assessed frequency of comorbidities and comorbidity screening in the Somatuline (lanreotide, LAN) Depot for Acromegaly (SODA) registry.

Methods: Patient data collected included pituitary hormone deficiencies, sleep studies, echocardiograms, gallbladder sonographies, colonoscopies, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone levels in patients with (DM) and without (non-DM) diabetes mellitus were analyzed.

The Effect of Under-Dosing Prophylactic Antibiotics in the Care of Open Tibial Fractures.

Objectives: To determine the frequency and effect of under-dosing prophylactic weight-based antibiotics in patients with open tibial fractures. We hypothesized that patients who did not receive appropriate weight-based dosing of prophylactic antibiotics would have higher rates of infection.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Management of haemothoraces in blunt thoracic trauma: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Haemothorax following blunt thoracic trauma is a common source of morbidity and mortality. The optimal management of moderate to large haemothoraces has yet to be defined. Observational data have suggested that expectant management may be an appropriate strategy in stable patients.

Sexual Dysfunction in Primary Care: An Exploratory Descriptive Analysis of Medical Record Diagnoses.

Background: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SDx) diagnoses in primary care settings is not well known, which is a concern because of the high prevalence of comorbid chronic health conditions in patients diagnosed with SDx.

Aim: To explore the relation of SDx diagnosis, chronic health conditions, and prescription medications commonly associated with SDx for men and women in primary care using medical records diagnoses.

Methods: Exploratory descriptive analyses were used to interpret secondary data from a primary care patient database.

A multicenter, observational study of lanreotide depot/autogel (LAN) in patients with acromegaly in the United States: 2-year experience from the SODA registry.

Purpose: This analysis evaluates the 2-year effectiveness and safety of lanreotide depot/autogel (LAN), as well as treatment convenience and acromegaly symptom relief, from the Somatuline Depot for Acromegaly (SODA) registry, a post-marketing, open-label, observational, multicenter, United States registry study.

Methods: Patients with acromegaly treated with LAN were eligible for enrollment. Demographics, LAN dose, extended dosing interval (EDI) (interval of injections ≥42 days), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), growth hormone (GH), glycated hemoglobin, adverse events (AEs), injection convenience, and symptom data were collected.

Role of Systemic and Local Antibiotics in the Treatment of Open Fractures.

The orthopedic community has learned much about the treatment of open fractures from the tremendous work of Ramon Gustilo, Michael Patzakis, and others; however, open fractures continue to be very difficult challenges. Type III open fractures continue to be associated with high infection rates. Some combination of systemic and local antibiotics may be most appropriate in these high-grade open fractures.

Realistic phantoms to characterize dosimetry in pediatric CT.

Background: The estimation of organ doses and effective doses for children receiving CT examinations is of high interest. Newer, more realistic anthropomorphic body models can provide information on individual organ doses and improved estimates of effective dose.

Materials And Methods: Previously developed body models representing 50th-percentile individuals at reference ages (newborn, 1, 5, 10 and 15 years) were modified to represent 10th, 25th, 75th and 90th height percentiles for both genders and an expanded range of ages (3, 8 and 13 years).

Providing mentorship support to general surgery residents: a model for structured group facilitation.

Mentorship is foundational to surgical training, with recognized benefits for both mentees and mentors. The University of Ottawa General Surgery Mentorship Program was developed as a module-based group facilitation program to support inclusive personal and professional development of junior general surgery residents. The group format provided an opportunity for both vertical and horizontal mentorship relationships between staff mentors and resident mentees.

Patient-specific dose calculations for pediatric CT of the chest, abdomen and pelvis.

Background: Organ dose is essential for accurate estimates of patient dose from CT.

Objective: To determine organ doses from a broad range of pediatric patients undergoing diagnostic chest-abdomen-pelvis CT and investigate how these relate to patient size.

Materials And Methods: We used a previously validated Monte Carlo simulation model of a Philips Brilliance 64 multi-detector CT scanner (Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands) to calculate organ doses for 40 pediatric patients (M:F = 21:19; range 0.

Development and validation of a GEANT4 radiation transport code for CT dosimetry.

The authors have created a radiation transport code using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo toolkit to simulate pediatric patients undergoing CT examinations. The focus of this paper is to validate their simulation with real-world physical dosimetry measurements using two independent techniques. Exposure measurements were made with a standard 100-mm CT pencil ionization chamber, and absorbed doses were also measured using optically stimulated luminescent (OSL) dosimeters.

A case series of two glomus tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.

Two recent cases of glomus tumors (GTs) of the gastrointestinal tract presented with symptoms of GI bleeding. GTs, typically benign lesions of mesenchymal origin, are rarely seen in the GI tract, and most commonly involve the distal appendages. This case series discusses the tumor biology, presentation, imaging, endoscopic findings, pathology and management of GTs.

Face-to-face handoff: improving transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit after cardiac surgery.

The goal was to develop and implement a comprehensive, primarily face-to-face handoff process that begins in the operating room and concludes at the bedside in the intensive care unit (ICU) for pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery. Involving all stakeholders in the planning phase, the framework of the handoff system encompassed a combination of a formalized handoff tool, focused process steps that occurred prior to patient arrival in the ICU, and an emphasis on face-to-face communication at the conclusion of the handoff. The final process was evaluated by the use of observer checklists to examine quality metrics and timing for all patients admitted to the ICU following cardiac surgery.

Evidence of a chemopreventive effect of progestin unrelated to ovulation on reproductive tract cancers in the egg-laying hen.

Epidemiologic, laboratory, and animal evidence suggests that progestins and vitamin D may be potent ovarian cancer preventives. Our objectives were to evaluate progestins as reproductive tract cancer chemopreventives in the chicken, determine whether restricted ovulation affected the incidence of reproductive tract tumors, and assess whether vitamin D would confer cancer protection either alone or in addition to progestin. A total of 2,400 two-year-old Single Comb White Leghorns were randomized into six groups (400 each) with hormonal and dietary manipulation for 2 years as follows: (i) no intervention, regular feed/caloric intake, (ii) control, (iii) vitamin D, (iv) the progestin levonorgestrel, (v) vitamin D plus levonorgestrel, and (vi) the progestin Provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate).