Recycling Nutrients and Reducing Carbon Emissions in the Baltic Sea Region-Sustainable or Economically Infeasible?

Ecotechnologies have the potential to reduce the use of finite resources while providing a variety of co-benefits to society, though they often lack in market competitiveness. In this study, we investigate the sustainability of ecotechnologies for recovering carbon and nutrients, and demonstrate how a so-called "bottom-up" approach can serve as a decision-making instrument. Based on three case study catchments with a focus on domestic wastewater in Sweden and Poland, and on manure, grass and blackwater substrates in Finland, we apply a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) on system alternatives derived from a participatory process.

Nutrient mitigation under the impact of climate and land-use changes: A hydro-economic approach to participatory catchment management.

Excessive nutrient loadings into rivers are a well-known ecological problem. Implemented mitigation measures should ideally be cost-effective, but perfectly ranking alternative nutrient mitigation measures according to cost-effectiveness is a difficult methodological challenge. Furthermore, a particularly practical challenge is that cost-effective measures are not necessarily favoured by local stakeholders, and this may impede their successful implementation in practice.

Breast carcinoma located in ectopic breast tissue: a case report and review of the literature.

Ectopic breast tissue usually develops along the mammary ridge. The incidence of this anomaly has been reported as high as 6%. Malignant development is rare.

[Identification and information on patients transfused between 1980 and 1985 at Alexis Vautrin Center].

In 1993, in Centre Alexis Vautrin, we took quite easily the census of 3,170 patients transfused between 1980 and 1985. In our institution, the systematic long-term follow-up of patients treated allowed to select rapidly the patients alive and to ask family doctors to inform and propose screening tests for a possible contamination by HIV and HCV viruses. Out of 802 patients alive, 703 accepted the tests.

[Massive transfusion in cancer surgery. A study of the survival of 21 patients].

In a retrospective study over 5 years, the evolution of 21 patients who received a massive blood transfusion during a carcinological surgery was analyzed. In this type of surgery, the frequency of massive blood transfusion is 0.28% and affects 2.

[Statistical study of a series of 672 cases of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Results and complications according to age and modalities of treatment].

The study bears on 672 infiltrating carcinomas of the cervix treated from 1977 until the end of 1991, by a radiosurgical combination (311 patients) or by exclusive irradiation (361 patients). The radiosurgical series includes mostly stages IB and II and patients under 50 years because of the therapeutic protocol. Most of the patients aged over 50 years and all stages III were treated by exclusive irradiation.

Indications, techniques and results of postoperative brachytherapy in cancer of the oral cavity.

Purpose/objective: We tried to reduce the number of local recurrences after surgery and external beam irradiation (EBI) in carcinoma of the oral cavity, when margins were positive or close.

Material And Methods: From 1980 to 1992, we treated 97 cases of carcinomas of the oral cavity by postoperative brachytherapy. Surgery was combined with EBI+brachytherapy in 51 cases and with brachytherapy alone in 46 cases.

[Evaluation of the importance of systematic neck dissection in carcinoma of the oral cavity treated by brachytherapy alone for the primary lesion (apropos of a series of 346 patients)].

Unlabelled: The study includes 346 carcinomas of the oral cavity (244 mobile tongues and 102 floors of mouth) treated by brachytherapy alone at primary tumor. We noted 199 T1, 131 T2, 14 T3 and 2 TxNx. Among T1, 36 patients had a neck dissection as well as 73 T2.

Brachytherapy for lower lip epidermoid cancer: tumoral and treatment factors influencing recurrences and complications.

From 1972 to 1991, 237 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip were treated by exclusive LDR brachytherapy (192Ir). There were 158 T1, 61 T2, 17 T3 and 1 T4 with 231 N0, 3 N1 and 3 N2 patients. The actuarial values at 5 years for local and regional controls, overall and specific survivals were 95%, 91%, 74% and 91%.

Pre-operative, post-operative and exclusive irradiation of endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Surgery is the golden standard of treatment of endometrial carcinoma. The risk of central or vaginal recurrences justifies adjuvant treatment.

Methods: Brachytherapy for endometrial adenocarcinoma is given commonly as pre- or post-operative treatment.

[Surgery of pulmonary metastasis from malignant melanoma. Results and criteria of surgical excision].

Lung metastases from malignant melanoma are frequent and they often inaugurate the metastatic stage. Exceptionally, they present as one or a few nodules, and in the absence of any other secondary lesion these cases raise the problem of surgical eradication. A retrospective multicentre study was carried out in a series of 38 patients and its results were compared to the data obtained from a review of 435 published cases in order to assess the value of surgery in terms of survival and to delimit its indications as closely as possible.

[Conservative treatment of breast cancer. Carcinologic and cosmetic results of combination quadrantectomy and irradiation at the Centre Alexis-Vautrin].

We studied the association of quadrantectomy and irradiation in 238 patients with a breast carcinoma treated from 1974 to 1984 in the Alexis-Vautrin Center. Five and ten year survival rate are respectively 89 and 77%. Local relapse rate at five and ten year are 2, and 9%.

[Chordomas of the cervical spine. Typical radiological aspects. Apropos of 2 cases].

Two cases of cervical chordomas are reported. Diagnosis is based on plain film and CT, and confirmed by transcutaneous biopsy. Therefore CT was helpful in evaluation of local recurrence and spinal metastasis.

CT findings of laryngeal involvement in von Recklinghausen disease.

In two patients with laryngeal von Recklinghausen disease, CT demonstrated hypodense, well-defined, septated masses sparing the epiglottis, and with little enhancement after contrast medium injection. Additional cervical lesions, benign or occasionally malignant, may also be seen.

[Rupture or disinsertion of the inferior tendon of the biceps brachii. Repair via a Boyd and Anderson approach (author's transl)].

Low rupture of the tendon of the long head of the biceps is a rare lesion and surgical approach is hampered by constant anatomical features, in particular the radial nerve which is the most serious potential problem. The double anterior and posterior approach of Boyd and Anderson makes it possible to completely restore the action of the tendon of the long head of the biceps without running the risk of any nerve lesion. It is for this reason that the authors prefer it to other approaches, felt to be imperfect either in terms of their final result or their technical feasibility.