Management Measures and Trends of Biological Invasions in Europe: A Survey-Based Assessment of Local Managers.

Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and nature's contributions to people worldwide. However, the effectiveness of invasive alien species (IAS) management measures and the progress toward achieving biodiversity targets remain uncertain due to limited and nonuniform data availability. Management success is usually assessed at a local level and documented in technical reports, often written in languages other than English, which makes such data notoriously difficult to collect at large geographic scales.

Functional genomics implicates ebony in the black pupae phenotype of tephritid fruit flies.

The remarkable diversity of insect pigmentation offers a captivating avenue for studying evolution and genetics. In tephritids, understanding the molecular basis of mutant traits is also crucial for applied entomology, enabling the creation of genetic sexing strains through genome editing, thus facilitating sex-sorting before sterile insect releases. Here, we present evidence from classical and modern genetics showing that the black pupae (bp) phenotype in the GUA10 strain of Anastrepha ludens is caused by a large deletion at the ebony locus, removing the gene's entire coding region.

Clinical simulation training for first responders in pediatric emergencies with family interaction: a scoping review.

Objective: To map studies on clinical simulation training directed at first responders during pediatric emergencies, focusing on interaction with families.

Methods: A scoping review based on the guidelines of the JBI Manual for Evidence Syntheses and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR checklist, covering eight databases and gray literature, without time or language restrictions.

Results: The ten selected studies indicated that most publications were from the United States.

Cecal microbial composition and serum concentration of short-chain fatty acids in laying hens fed different fiber sources.

The intestinal microbiota is widely recognized as an integral factor in host health, metabolism, and immunity. In this study, the impact of dietary fiber sources on the intestinal microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was evaluated in Lohmann White laying hens. The hens were divided into four treatment groups: a control diet without fiber, a diet with wheat bran (mixed fibers), a diet with insoluble fiber (cellulose), and a diet with soluble fiber (pectin), with six replicates of four hens each.

Time to standardize educational competencies on EBP: the benefits of a common core framework.

Principles, theories, and models of education for health professionals have not evolved in parallel with advanced requirements for evidence-based practice (EBP). We propose that groups such as JBI, with a global network of clinical and academic centers, are well placed to reignite the debate and advance evidence-based curriculum development. This can be achieved by operationalizing the JBI Model for Evidence-Based Healthcare within the Sicily statement's pedagogical framework.

Oral hygiene of stroke patients in a stroke unit: a best practice implementation project.

Introduction: People with stroke are at risk of poor oral hygiene caused by neurological deficits, which can be motor, sensory, or cognitive. Good oral hygiene has been shown to reduce adverse events and improve the patient's quality of life. Although nurses recognize the benefits of oral hygiene, evidence shows that this area of care is frequently overlooked.

General principles of communication among nurses in a long-term care unit: a best practice implementation project.

Introduction: In health care, effective communication enhances teamwork and safety by minimizing adverse events. Evidence suggests that ongoing education should include communication skills training, as interprofessional communication relies on tools that facilitate seamless interaction.

Objective: This project aimed to improve communication practices among nurses in a long-term care unit by promoting evidence-based recommendations.

Excess weight and associated factors among Xavante Indigenous adults, Central Brazil.

Considered an important public health problem among Indigenous peoples in Brazil, obesity is a risk factor for Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) and conditions. The present study aimed to describe the occurrence of excess weight, obesity, and associated factors in Xavante Indigenous adults, through a nutritional survey carried out in the population ≥ 15 years of age living in the Pimentel Barbosa and Wedezé Indigenous Lands, Mato Grosso, Central Brazil, during the period of June to August 2011. Eight of the 10 villages in the territory were investigated.

Blood pressure in women in the First National Survey of Health and Nutrition of Indigenous Peoples in Brazil.

Estimating average blood pressure levels and prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) and associated factors is essential to monitoring health and planning actions to combat noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Indigenous peoples in Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study that investigated average blood pressure levels and prevalence of arterial hypertension in 4,680 Indigenous women (aged 18-49 years), using data from the 1st National Survey of Health and Nutrition of Indigenous Peoples (2008-2009) and associated factors, such as through gamma regression and multilevel logistics. The prevalence of hypertension was 10.

Ethnic-racial composition of the population in COVID-19 mortality: A spatial ecological approach to Brazilian health inequalities.

The COVID-19 pandemic has unevenly affected regions, countries, and ethnic-racial segments. Socioenvironmental factors were associated with worse disease evolution, with a greater likelihood of mortality in vulnerable people. This study aimed to investigate the association between the proportion of vulnerable populations (Black, brown, and Indigenous people) and mortality from COVID-19 in Brazil from March 2020 to February 2021.

Evaluating Exoskeletons for WMSD Prevention: A Systematic Review of Applications and Ergonomic Approach in Occupational Settings.

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of studies investigating the impact of occupational exoskeletons on work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) risk factors. The primary objective is to examine the methodologies used to assess the effectiveness of these devices across various occupational tasks. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, covering studies published between 2014 and 2024.

Fathers' lived experiences of fatherhood during the child's first 1,000 days: a qualitative systematic review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review will be to synthesize the best available evidence on fathers' lived experiences of fatherhood during the child's first 1,000 days of life.

Introduction: Involved and caring fatherhood is crucial for the healthy cognitive, physical, social, and emotional development of children. However, fatherhood is a challenging process for most men.

Asciminib add-on to imatinib demonstrates sustained high rates of ongoing therapy and deep molecular responses with prolonged follow-up in the ASC4MORE study.

Background: Up to 65% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are treated with imatinib do not achieve sustained deep molecular response, which is required to attempt treatment-free remission. Asciminib is the only approved BCR::ABL1 inhibitor that Specifically Targets the ABL Myristoyl Pocket. This unique mechanism of action allows asciminib to be combined with adenosine triphosphate-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors to prevent resistance and enhance efficacy.

Experimental and theoretical approaches to unveil the interaction mechanisms of carbon dots with 4-nitrophenol.

Developing a non-toxic, cost-effective, biocompatible, selective, and sensitive optical sensor for the optical detection of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) has been challenging yet significant. Among carbon-based materials, the selectivity of carbon dots toward 4-NP is a key area of research, and a comprehensive understanding is crucial to broaden its practical application. Our unique contribution to this field involves synthesizing and testing different N-doped carbon dots (CDs) for selective 4-NP detection through absorbance and photoluminescence.

Effectiveness of cognitive fusion transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy when compared with final prostatectomy histology.

Introduction And Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. Cognitive fusion transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy is one of several modalities for diagnosing this disease. However, no existing studies have shown the clear superiority of one image-guided technique over another.

Effect of 3-Nitrooxypropanol Combined with Different Feed Additives on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Enteric Methane Emissions, and Physiological Responses in Feedlot Beef Cattle Fed a High-Concentrate Finishing Diet.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) in combination with different feed additives on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, enteric methane (CH) emissions, nutrient intake and digestibility, and blood parameters in feedlot beef cattle. In experiment (Exp.) 1, one hundred sixty-eight Nellore bulls (initial bodyweight (BW) 410 ± 8 kg) were allocated to 24 pens in a completely randomized block design.

Early-life IL-4 administration induces long-term changes in microglia in the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex.

Microglia are crucial for brain development and their function can be impacted by postnatal insults, such as early-life allergies. These are characterized by an upregulation of interleukin (IL)-4 levels. Allergies share a strong comorbidity with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a relatively rare genetic disorder, inherited in an autosomal codominant manner, that results in reduced serum AAT concentrations, with a consequent reduction in antielastase activity in the lungs, as well as an increased risk of diseases such as pulmonary emphysema, liver cirrhosis, and necrotizing panniculitis. It results from different mutations in the SERPINA1 gene, leading to changes in the AAT glycoprotein, which can alter its concentration, conformation, and function. Unfortunately, underdiagnosis is quite common; it is possible that only 10% of cases are diagnosed.

Aggressiveness of Care at the End of Life of Children Dying with Cancer in Public Hospitals-A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.

Little is known about the aggressiveness of cancer care at the end of life (ACCEoL) for children with cancer in countries where palliative care (PC) is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and time trends of ACCEoL in the pediatric population in a Western European country. We conducted a retrospective cohort study analyzing children between 0 and 17 years who died of cancer in public hospitals in Portugal, from January 2010 to December 2015.

Relationship between psychosocial factors and work capacity of healthcare professionals.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between work ability and psychosocial factors of professionals from the healthcare area.

Method: Cross-sectional study with 197 healthcare professionals from a teaching hospital. The Work Ability Index and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire III were applied.

Hepatitis A, B, and C in Brazilian Afro-Descendant Communities from Northeast Brazil: A Seroepidemiological Survey.

Background: Viral hepatitis is a disease that is more prevalent among individuals residing in remote regions and in contexts of social vulnerability. The objective of this study was to ascertain the seroprevalence of hepatitis A (HAV), B (HBV), and C (HCV) in vulnerable communities in the rural area of São João do Piauí (SJP), northern Brazil.

Methods: Immunoenzymatic assays were employed to detect the presence of anti-HAV (total and IgM), HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and anti-HCV serological markers in serum samples.

Effects of isokinetic and proprioceptive training after lateral ankle ligament reconstruction: A case report.

Introduction: Lateral ankle ligament reconstruction (LALR) is fundamental to avoid instability and the risk of osteoarthritis. After surgery, deficits in muscular strength and the proprioceptive system lead to functional changes. This study aimed to investigate if proprioceptive and isokinetic training can be incorporated to manage a professional soccer player after LALR.

Establishment of a cell culture from the frog Leptodactylus fuscus as a model for (eco)toxicological assays.

Leptodactylus fuscus is a frog species widely distributed in the Neotropical region, occurring in several biomes, which makes it a potential biomonitor of environmental conditions. To advance the establishment of this species in this field, we developed a fibroblast-like cell line derived from the digits of the forelimbs (LFUfd) and evaluated its response to possible environmental stressors. An adult male L.

Academic-related stressors predict depressive symptoms in graduate students: A machine learning study.

Background: Graduate students face higher depression rates worldwide, which were further exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study employed a machine learning approach to predict depressive symptoms using academic-related stressors.

Methods: We surveyed students across four graduate programs at a Federal University in Brazil between October 15, 2021, and March 26, 2022, when most activities were restricted to taking place online due to the pandemic.