Muscle injury induces a transient senescence-like state that is required for myofiber growth during muscle regeneration.

Cellular senescence is the irreversible arrest of normally dividing cells and is driven by the cell cycle inhibitors Cdkn2a, Cdkn1a, and Trp53. Senescent cells are implicated in chronic diseases and tissue repair through their increased secretion of pro-inflammatory factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Here, we use spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to demonstrate that cells displaying senescent characteristics are "transiently" present within regenerating skeletal muscle and within the muscles of D2-mdx mice, a model of Muscular Dystrophy.

Synthetic Studies towards the Calcium-Dependent Lipopeptide Antibiotic Cadaside B.

In the current global crisis of antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial peptides represent a promising source of alternative antibiotics. Recently discovered cadaside B, a novel calcium-dependent antibiotic, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity towards Gram-positive pathogens including multi-drug resistant strains. These properties, coupled with a novel structure, non-cytotoxicity, and low likelihood of developing resistance render cadaside B an important synthetic target.

Stress can lead to an increase in smartphone use in the context of texting while walking.

Texting while walking (TWW) is a dangerous behavior that can lead to injury and even death. While several studies have examined the relationship between smartphone use and stress, to our knowledge no studies have yet investigated the relationship between stress and TWW. The objective of the present study was to investigate this relationship by examining the effects of stress on TWW, the effects of TWW on subsequent stress, and the effect of stress on multitasking performance.

Awareness, use and understanding of nutrition labels among adults from five countries: Findings from the 2018-2020 International Food Policy Study.

Few studies have compared the effects of different front-of-package label (FOPL) systems in the 'real world'. This study assessed adults' awareness, use and understanding of nutrition facts labels (NFLs) and nationally implemented FOPLs such as Health Star Ratings (HSR), Traffic lights, and Guideline Daily Amounts (GDAs) in five countries, including before and after implementation of Mexico's warning FOPLs in 2020. Data were from the International Food Policy Study, an annual repeat cross-sectional study conducted in 2018-2020 among adults (N=64,032) in Australia, Canada, Mexico, the UK and the US.

Phylogenomic analysis of the genus reveals distinct major lineages with ecological specializations.

is a diverse betaproteobacterial genus with many strains having agricultural and industrial relevance, including plant-growth promotion, bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, and heavy metal immobilization. spp. are broadly distributed in the environment, and have been isolated from plant hosts as well as healthy and diseased animal hosts, yet the genetic basis of this ecological versatility has not been characterized.

Sphericity of Periapical Lesion and Its Relation to the Novel CBCT Periapical Volume Index.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the sphericity of periapical lesions and its relation to the cone-beam computed tomography periapical volume index (CBCTPAVI).

Methods: A total of 261 periapical lesions were assessed using cone-beam computed tomography images from InteleViewer. Three-dimensional analysis of the lesions was conducted using analytical imaging software Mimics Research.

Phenotyping of Urinary Urgency Patients Without Urgency Incontinence, and Their Comparison to Urgency Incontinence Patients: Findings From the LURN Study.

Purpose: We characterize patients with urinary urgency with vs without urgency urinary incontinence who presented to clinics actively seeking treatment for their symptoms.

Materials And Methods: Participants who enrolled in the Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network were categorized into urinary urgency with vs without urgency urinary incontinence. Participants were followed for 1 year; their urinary symptoms, urological pain, psychosocial factors, bowel function, sleep disturbance, physical activity levels, physical function, and quality of life were compared.

Variation in general practice referral rate to acute medicine services and association with hospital admission. A retrospective observational study.

Background: Variation in general practice (GP) referral rates to outpatient services is well described however variance in rates of referral to acute medical units is lacking.

Objective: To investigate variance in GP referral rate for acute medical assessment and subsequent need for hospital admission.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of acute medical referrals from 88 GPs in Lothian, Scotland between 2017 and 2020 was performed using practice population size, age, deprivation, care home residence, and distance from hospital as explanatory variables.

Preventing Recurrent Cardioembolic Stroke: Right Approach, Right Patient (PRECISE) Study Protocol.

Cardiac rhythm monitoring is performed to search for atrial fibrillation (AF) after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Prolonged cardiac rhythm monitoring increases AF detection but is challenging to implement in many healthcare settings and is not needed for all people after ischaemic stroke/TIA. We aimed to develop and validate a model that includes clinical, electrocardiogram (ECG), blood-based, and genetic biomarkers to identify people with a low probability of AF detection after ischaemic stroke or TIA.

De novo pyrimidine synthesis is a targetable vulnerability in IDH mutant glioma.

Mutations affecting isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes are prevalent in glioma, leukemia, and other cancers. Although mutant IDH inhibitors are effective against leukemia, they seem to be less active in aggressive glioma, underscoring the need for alternative treatment strategies. Through a chemical synthetic lethality screen, we discovered that IDH1-mutant glioma cells are hypersensitive to drugs targeting enzymes in the de novo pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis pathway, including dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH).

Natural history of lower urinary tract symptoms in treatment-seeking women with pelvic organ prolapse; the Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network (LURN).

Background: The association of pelvic organ prolapse with overactive bladder and other lower urinary tract symptoms, and the natural history of those symptoms are not well characterized. Previous cross-sectional studies demonstrated conflicting relationships between prolapse and lower urinary tract symptoms.

Objective: This study primarily aimed to determine the baseline association between lower urinary tract symptoms and prolapse and to assess longitudinal differences in symptoms over 12 months in women with and without prolapse.

Codevelopment of Implementation Interventions to Support Parent-Led Care for Pain in Infants: Protocol for a Qualitative Descriptive Study.

Background: Untreated pain in infants is associated with adverse health outcomes. Despite strong evidence for accessible, effective, and low-cost parent-led pain-relieving interventions such as breastfeeding or chestfeeding and skin-to-skin contact, these interventions are not routinely used.

Objective: The objective of this study is to support the implementation of parent-led pain interventions by identifying barriers to and facilitators of parent-led, evidence-informed pain care in infants during acute procedures.

Biophysical properties of hydrogels for mimicking tumor extracellular matrix.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential component of the tumor microenvironment. It plays a critical role in regulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. However, there is lack of systematic and comparative studies on different widely-used ECM mimicking hydrogels and their properties, making the selection of suitable hydrogels for mimicking different in vivo conditions quite random.

A mutation in the putative CRP binding site of the promoter of serovar Typhimurium enables growth with low orotate concentrations.

and use the inner membrane transporter DctA to import the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway intermediate orotate from the environment. To study the regulation of expression, we used an serovar Typhimurium pyrimidine auxotroph to select a mutant that could grow in an otherwise nonpermissive culture medium containing glucose and a low concentration of orotate. Whole genome sequencing revealed a point mutation upstream of in the putative cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP) binding site.

Food industry perspectives on potential policies targeting unhealthy food and beverage price promotions in Australian supermarkets.

Current supermarket price promotions are likely to encourage unhealthy diets, leading some governments to recently endorse restrictions on price promotions for unhealthy food and beverages. However, little is known about the likely industry response to policy action in this area. The aim of this study was to understand how potential government policies targeting food and beverage price promotions in supermarkets are perceived by food industry stakeholders in Australia.

Progression-free survival and quality of life in metastatic breast cancer: The patient perspective.

Introduction: Treatment advances for metastatic breast cancer (mBC) have improved overall survival (OS) in some mBC subtypes; however, there remains no cure for mBC. Considering the use of progression-free survival (PFS) and other surrogate endpoints in clinical trials, we must understand patient perspectives on measures used to assess treatment efficacy.

Objective: To explore global patient perceptions of the concept of PFS and its potential relation to quality of life (QoL).

A technical and clinical digital approach to the altered cast technique with an intraoral scanner and polyvinyl siloxane impression material.

This technique digitalizes the clinical and laboratory steps of fabricating removable partial dentures (RPDs) with the altered cast technique. An intraoral scanner was used to capture the mandibular Kennedy class II partially edentulous arch. An RPD framework was fabricated digitally and then combined with a custom tray with a wax occlusal rim.