LC-MS and GC-MS metabolite profiling of nickel(II) complexes in the latex of the nickel-hyperaccumulating tree Sebertia acuminata and identification of methylated aldaric acid as a new nickel(II) ligand.

Targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology using size exclusion chromatography and metabolite profiling based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to study the nickel-rich latex of the hyperaccumulating tree Sebertia acuminata. More than 120 compounds were detected, 57 of these were subsequently identified. A methylated aldaric acid (2,4,5-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-1,6-hexan-dioic acid) was identified for the first time in biological extracts and its structure was confirmed by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Age-related resistance to skeletal muscle fatigue is preserved during ischemia.

During voluntary contractions, the skeletal muscle of healthy older adults often fatigues less than that of young adults, a result that has been explained by relatively greater reliance on muscle oxidative metabolism in the elderly. Our aim was to investigate whether this age-related fatigue resistance was eliminated when oxidative metabolism was minimized via ischemia induced by cuff (220 mmHg). We hypothesized that 1) older men (n = 12) would fatigue less than young men (n = 12) during free-flow (FF) contractions; 2) both groups would fatigue similarly during ischemia; and 3) reperfusion would reestablish the fatigue resistance of the old.

Assessment of lower extremity muscle power in functionally-limited elders.

Background And Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and concurrent validity of a new methodology to evaluate lower extremity muscle power in older, functionally limited men and women.

Methods: A cross sectional evaluation was performed on 58 older men (n=27) and women (n=31) (74.2+/-0.

Medical care and alcohol use after testing hepatitis C antibody positive at STD clinic and HIV test site screening programs.

Objectives: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend screening individuals at risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, few published data describe outcomes of individuals with antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) identified through screening programs. The purpose of this study was to assess rates of medical evaluation and HCV treatment, change in alcohol consumption, and barriers to medical care after testing anti-HCV positive through a public screening program.

Systematic approach to the quantitative voltammetric analysis of the FeIII/FeII component of the [alpha2-Fe(OH2)P2W17O61]7-/8- reduction process in buffered and unbuffered aqueous media.

The one-electron reduction of [alpha(2)-Fe(III)(OH(2))P(2)W(17)O(61)](7-) at a glassy carbon electrode was investigated using cyclic and rotating-disk-electrode voltammetry in buffered and unbuffered aqueous solutions over the pH range 3.45-7.50 with an ionic strength of approximately 0.

Early removal of postmastectomy drains is not beneficial: results from a halted randomized controlled trial.

Background: Closed-suction drainage to reduce seromas is standard after mastectomy. This study evaluates the safety of early drain removal.

Methods: Women undergoing mastectomy were randomized to early removal on postoperative day 2 or standard removal (< 30 mL drainage in 24 hours or postoperative day 14).

Sex differences in single muscle fiber power in older adults.

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine whether differences in power at the single muscle fiber level contribute to sex differences in whole muscle power production in the elderly.

Methods: A total of 16 sedentary older persons (10 women, 6 men), mean age 72 yr, had percutaneous needle biopsy of musculus vastus lateralis. Chemically skinned single muscle fibers were activated with Ca for maximal isometric force measurement (Po).

Would doubling the human lifespan be a net positive or negative for us, either as individuals or as a society? Point-counterpoint.

There is a significant possibility that over the next few decades science will make discoveries of a kind that might allow the doubling of the average human life span, from roughly 76 years now to 150. This development would, for many, represent the realization of a dream: that of enabling people to live much longer lives than at present, holding back death, which has often been seen as an ancient, unbeatable enemy. It would also raise a large number of unprecedented individual and social problems: Would we really want to live to 150? Is such a goal ethical? What would this putative longevity do to our present social structures and arrangements? Would we get a better society or a worse one?

Metal ion ligands in hyperaccumulating plants.

Metal-hyperaccumulating plants have the ability to take up extraordinary quantities of certain metal ions without succumbing to toxic effects. Most hyperaccumulators select for particular metals but the mechanisms of selection are not understood at the molecular level. While there are many metal-binding biomolecules, this review focuses only on ligands that have been reported to play a role in sequestering, transporting or storing the accumulated metal.

Shaping biomedical research priorities: the case of the National Institutes of Health.

Despite the international interest in priority setting as an important tool for health policy, there has been comparatively little interest in the setting of research priorities. One of the few places where there has been such an interest is at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States. Under pressure from Congress to explain its priority setting process, the NIH has tried to explain the criteria and process it uses.

Integrating hepatitis, STD, and HIV services into a drug rehabilitation program.

Background: Considering the difficulties in providing screening and vaccination services for inmates in short-stay incarceration facilities, an evaluation was conducted of the integration of prevention services in an alternative sentencing drug rehabilitation program (alternative to incarceration) in San Diego CA.

Methods: During the period April 1999 to December 2002, clients were asked to complete a brief risk-assessment questionnaire, and were offered hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination, HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) serologic testing, STD screening, and HIV counseling and testing.

Results: Of the estimated 1125 rehabilitation program enrollees, 930 (83%) participated in the integration program services.

Title VII funding and physician practice in rural or low-income areas.

Context: Whether Title VII funding enhances physician supply in underserved areas has not clearly been established.

Purpose: To determine the relation between Title VII funding in medical school, residency, or both, and the number of family physicians practicing in rural or low-income communities.

Methods: A retrospective cross sectional analysis was carried out using the 2000 American Academy of Family Physicians physician database, Title VII funding records, and 1990 U.

Impact of muscle power and force on gait speed in disabled older men and women.

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between muscle power output at different external resistances and performance of functional tasks. The authors hypothesized that power at 40% skeletal muscle 1 repetition maximum (1RM), in which contraction velocity is high, would explain more of the variability in tasks such as level walking than would peak power or 1RM strength, in which contraction velocity is lower.

Methods: Participants were men and women (n = 48; ages 65-91 years) with physical disability as evidenced by 2 or more deficits on the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form physical function subscale or a score of 9 or less on the Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly short physical performance battery.

First results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search in the Soudan Underground Laboratory.

We report the first results from a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. Four Ge and two Si detectors were operated for 52.6 live days, providing 19.