Human neural rosettes secrete bioactive extracellular vesicles enriched in neuronal and glial cellular components.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in the development of neural cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Human neural rosettes (hNRs) are radial cell structures that assemble from induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and recapitulate some stages of neural tube morphogenesis. Here we show that hiPSCs and hNRs secrete EVs (hiPSC-EVs and hNR-EVs) with distinctive protein cargoes.

Galactokinase and galactose metabolism in Leishmania spp.

In Leishmania, the nucleotide-sugar UDP-galactose can be synthesized by a salvage pathway, the Isselbacher route, involving phosphorylation of galactose and the action of UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase. The first enzyme of the pathway, galactokinase, has yet to be studied in this parasite. Here, we report a molecular and biochemical characterization of this enzyme in Leishmania mexicana.

[COVID-19 vaccine safety: results of active surveillance at a sentinel site in ArgentinaSegurança das vacinas contra COVID-19: resultados da vigilância ativa em uma unidade sentinela da Argentina].

Objective: To analyze the results of surveillance of adverse events of special interest (AESI) within the context of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign at a sentinel site in Argentina. The retrospective (pre-vaccination) period was compared with the prospective (vaccination) period to identify safety signals.

Methods: Retrospective and prospective search for AESI based on ICD-10 hospital discharge codes.

Neural Encoding of Direction and Distance across Reference Frames in Visually Guided Reaching.

Goal-directed actions require transforming sensory information into motor plans defined across multiple parameters and reference frames. Substantial evidence supports the encoding of target direction in gaze- and body-centered coordinates within parietal and premotor regions. However, how the brain encodes the equally critical parameter of target distance remains less understood.

Decompensated heart failure in a single center of a Latin American country: findings from the first 1595 cases in the ICARUS registry.

Objective: Describe the methodological aspects, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and their short-term outcomes.

Methods: Prospective cohort of patients with ADHF from the emergency service of the cardiovascular center. Descriptive statistics were used to synthesize sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics during hospitalization, and outcomes.

Brief Risk Communication for Emergency Department Patients With Sustained Asymptomatic Hypertension.

Introduction: Sustained asymptomatic hypertension in ED patients is a powerful predictor of chronic uncontrolled hypertension. In this study, we assess the feasibility of using a storyboard video and communicating real-time cardiovascular imaging results on blood pressure control and primary care engagement.

Methods: This was a prospective observational exploratory sub-study.

Navigating the Global Pandemic in Pediatric Overweight and Obesity: Emerging Challenges and Proposed Solutions.

Background: Since 1990, childhood overweight and obesity have been rising on every continent and have almost doubled worldwide. The deleterious consequences include hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia leading to metabolic syndrome in childhood and myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and other disabling conditions in adulthood.

Purpose: In Southern Europe, including Greece, Italy, and Spain, 10 to 15% of children are obese.

Culture Conditions Differentially Regulate the Inflammatory Niche and Cellular Phenotype of Tracheo-Bronchial Basal Stem Cells.

Human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) derived from the tracheo-bronchial regions of human airways provide an excellent model for studying pathological mechanisms and evaluating therapeutics in human airway cells. This cell population comprises a mixed population of basal cells (BCs), the predominant stem cell in airways capable of both self-renewal and functional differentiation. Despite their potential for regenerative medicine, BCs exhibit significant phenotypic variability in culture.

A U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) overview of Pan American botanicals used in dietary supplements and herbal medicines.

The United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) is a nonprofit, scientific, standard-setting organization, and world leader in establishing quality, purity, and testing standards for medicines, foods, and dietary supplements. USP quality standards are used in more than 140 countries and are legally recognized by more than 40 countries. Currently, there is renewed interest in herbal medicines globally, and health policies are being implemented worldwide for the use of complementary and traditional medicine.

A scoping review on control strategies for .

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a widespread neglected zoonotic disease caused by (EG) with a global burden of control in the billions of dollars. life cycle involves definitive, intermediate, and humans as dead-end hosts. Echinococcosis control programs use strategies that focus on any of these hosts.

The Power of Advocacy in Global Neurosurgery.

Advocacy, one of the five domains of global neurosurgery, represents a powerful avenue to influence public policy to expand access to safe, timely, and affordable neurosurgical care. In this manuscript, we characterize advocacy in global neurosurgery, describe specific neurosurgeon-led initiatives, and delineate how neurosurgeons can become involved in global neurosurgery advocacy efforts. Advocacy in global neurosurgery involves working together in organized neurosurgery with organizations focused on clinical provisions, training, and policy initiatives.

Predicting Injuries in Elite Female Football Players With Global-Positioning-System and Multiomics Data.

Purpose: Injury prevention is a crucial aspect of sports, particularly in high-performance settings such as elite female football. This study aimed to develop an injury prediction model that incorporates clinical, Global-Positioning-System (GPS), and multiomics (genomics and metabolomics) data to better understand the factors associated with injury in elite female football players.

Methods: We designed a prospective cohort study over 2 seasons (2019-20 and 2021-22) of noncontact injuries in 24 elite female players in the Spanish Premiership competition.

Erythema Multiforme in an HIV+ Patient on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy After Starting Paxlovid (Nirmatrelvir-Ritonivir).

In this report, we present a case of a woman currently on HIV antiretroviral therapy who presented with oral mucosal and cutaneous skin lesions with a target-like appearance following completion of a five-day course of Paxlovid™ for symptomatic COVID-19 infection. The patient was treated with intravenous steroids and oral antihistamines with mild improvement. However, she returned in one week with worsening skin lesions.

Pediatric hemispheric cerebellar low-grade gliomas: clinical approach, diagnosis, and management challenges-experience at a tertiary care children's hospital.

Purpose: This study aims to provide an exhaustive analysis of pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) in the cerebellar hemispheres, focusing on incidence, clinical characteristics, surgical outcomes, and prognosis. It seeks to enhance understanding and management of pLGGs in the pediatric population.

Methods: We conducted an observational, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study at a pediatric hospital, reviewing medical records of 30 patients with cerebellar hemispheric pLGGs treated from December 2014 to January 2023.

Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma of the Sublingual Gland: A Case Report.

Lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) of the salivary gland is a rare squamous cell carcinoma. LEC commonly presents in the parotid and submandibular glands and rarely in the sublingual gland. While salivary gland LEC has a predilection for Inuit-Yupik and Chinese populations, few cases have been reported in the Hispanic population and none for sublingual glands in the English language literature.

Local effect of allopregnanolone in rat ovarian steroidogenesis, follicular and corpora lutea development.

Allopregnanolone (ALLO) is a known neurosteroid and a progesterone metabolite synthesized in the ovary, CNS, PNS, adrenals and placenta. Its role in the neuroendocrine control of ovarian physiology has been studied, but its in situ ovarian effects are still largely unknown. The aims of this work were to characterize the effects of intrabursal ALLO administration on different ovarian parameters, and the probable mechanism of action.